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Aboitiz InfraCapital sets expansion of Cebu estate

ABOITIZ InfraCapital, Inc. is set to start commercial development of its West Cebu Estate in Balamban, Cebu by the third quarter of 2023.

“The next phase of development will be the introduction of a Central Business District, envisioned as the new urban center of Balamban,” said Rafael Fernandez de Mesa, Aboitiz InfraCapital economic estates head and Cebu Industrial Park Developers Inc. president, in a press release.

The 540-hectare West Cebu Exchange is a mixed-use economic estate that will also add retail, food, services, a supermarket, and a transportation hub in its commercial complex.

“Initially, there will be a neighborhood commercial complex that features a supermarket, transportation hub, and shops providing other basic necessities for the community,” Mr. Fernandez de Mesa said.

He added that the sale of commercial lots would follow after the development, which seeks to cater to a mix of office, institutional, and residential functions.

The estate is currently expanding its industrial area by 39 hectares and is set for completion by 2024. The industrial expansion is expected to create 14,000 new jobs in the area.

“Currently, the expansion is 6% ahead of its construction progress versus initial forecasts, allowing the new locators to begin construction of their respective facilities by April 2023,” the company said.

Meanwhile, Aboitiz InfraCapital is set to expand its economic zone in Batangas province, seeking to double its footprint in the next 10 years.

Mr. Fernandez de Mesa said earlier that LIMA estate has ongoing plans to expand the 800-hectare mixed-use economic zone.

The estate has grown from the initial 374 hectares in 2013 to 800 in 2023. It is in the process of expansion with 150 hectares of land currently in development.

The company also has another economic estate location in Cebu — the 63-hectare MEZ2 Estate in Lapu-Lapu City. — Adrian H. Halili

Paris Fashion Week

STELLA MCCARTNEY — STELLAMCCARTNEY.COM

Chanel’s camellia-themed lineup, LV goes playful, Stella McCartney shows horses, Pierre Cardin returns

PARIS — French fashion label Chanel took to a darkened runway for creative director Virginie Viard’s fall-winter collection on Tuesday, showing a glamorous line-up infused with references to a key brand symbol, the camellia flower.

The entire set was built around towering, white camellia sculptures that faced the audience, seated in steep risers ringing the space, a sprawling exhibition hall south of the Eiffel Tower. (See the show here: Fall-Winter 2023/24 Ready-to-Wear Show | CHANEL.)

Projected onto the giant camellias were images of Nana Komatsu, styled to resemble the 1960s film character Polly Maggoo, with thick eyeliner and a sleek hairstyle that curled up at the bottom.

The label’s ubiquitous camellia appeared throughout the show, worked into the patterns of sweeping overcoats and dresses, rendered as stark white three-dimensional embellishments on all-black ensembles, and cropping up as a patch of black flowers adorning the collar of a slick black jacket.

Most looks were black and white, paraded by models striding on shiny black platform boots, often with patterned white tights. Bermuda shorts and matching jackets, loose-legged jumpsuits and tweed ensembles were accessorized with the label’s signature jewelry — chained belts, earrings and swinging necklaces that sparkled down the runway.

For the finale, the massive camellia sculptures suddenly glowed red, and slowly shifted between red and a bright pink as models rounded the room.

The catwalk presentation was held on the final day of Paris Fashion Week, which drew crowds of celebrities to the French capital, and featured big-name labels including Hermes, Valentino, LVMH-owned Dior and Louis Vuitton, Kering-owned labels Saint Laurent and Balenciaga.

LOUIS VUITTON
Louis Vuitton (LV) took to the Musee d’Orsay for its fall-winter catwalk show, sending a modern lineup of playful, sculptural looks down a slick, black runway designed to evoke a Paris street. (See the show here: Women’s Fall-Winter 2023 Show | LOUIS VUITTON)

Exploring notions of French style, Nicolas Ghesquiere, artistic director of the label’s womenswear collections, played with volumes of clothing and trompe l’oeil effects, including boots that looked like black high heel shoes worn with white socks and fuzzy coats resembling blazers.

Other looks included bulky Bermuda shorts, wide bustier dresses cinched with thin belts and glittering beaded dresses.

Handbags were varied, including one fashioned to look like a typical blue Paris street sign, trimmed in green — with “Louis Vuitton” stamped in white letters.

At the end of the show, the sound of footsteps was projected through the space, giving the impression of invisible models walking down the runway — an effect drawn up by sound artist Nicolas Becker.

Mr. Ghesquiere then trotted out, flashing a grin at the guests in the front row, who included film stars Emma Stone, Zendaya and Catherine Deneuve who sat alongside members of the family of LVMH’s chairman and CEO, Bernard Arnault. Pharrell Williams, named artistic director of Louis Vuitton’s menswear designs last month, also attended the show.

STELLA MCCARTNEY
Stella McCartney drove home her leather-free fashion message by sending a team of horses to canter alongside models wearing styles crafted from new, eco-conscious materials.

The designer said she sought to explore the relationship between humans and nature. (See the show here: Designer Clothing | Latest Luxury Fashion | Stella McCartney UK )

“There’s been so much leather and feathers, especially on the runway this season,” she told Reuters after the show. “I just really want to show everyone in the world — and the world of fashion — that you don’t really need to do that,” she said. Materials used in her collection are derived from mushrooms and apples, for instance, and wine grape waste was used to make the label’s curvy S-Wave bag.

At the show in the Ecole Militaire stables in Paris, seven horses, guided by their trainer, Jean-Francois Pignon, performed individually and in formation.

With a nod to their fellow performers, some models wore horse patterns, while others carried images of horse photographs taken by McCartney’s sister and her mother.

Their high heels sank into the sandy floor as they paraded long, tailored jackets, cinched at the waist, furry overcoats, some resembling dappled horses, and, in contrast, silky asymmetric dresses lined with lace.

Actress Jessica Alba, singer Avril Lavigne and model and designer Camila McConaughey watched it all from the front row, alongside members of LVMH chairman and Chief Executive Officer Bernard Arnault’s family. LVMH owns a minority stake in the label and McCartney serves as environmental adviser to the entire luxury group.

Her connection with horses goes deep.

“I’ve been riding since I was born,” said Ms. McCartney. “We grew up in the middle of nowhere, really, bareback on horses. I just remember falling off them all the time and getting back on all the time.”

PIERRE CARDIN
French label Pierre Cardin returned to the official Paris fashion week schedule for the first time in decades, sending out a colorful, off-beat lineup of styles that recalled its space age heyday. (Watch the show here: www.palaiscardin.com )

Models paraded two-toned suit jackets with triangular shaped lapels, asymmetrical dresses and capes, shimmery gold trousers and thin ties that formed an arrow-like shape at the tip.

Attendants flashed spotlights on models as they made their way down the temporary runway, set up in the label’s empty flagship store that is undergoing renovations.

Spinning holograms were projected in the windows of the store — located across the street from France’s Elysee Palace — and one model carried the three-dimensional projection in a handbag.

The late designer’s great nephew, Rodrigo Basilicati Cardin, who took the reins of the label following Mr. Cardin’s death in 2020, said he worked with the design studio to pare back the looks, which were made from recycled materials as well as fabric that sat in storage for decades.

Seeking to spark interest in the label among younger crowds, Basilicati Cardin said he set up competitions to bring on talent from other countries, like Mexico and South Korea, for stints at the label.

“My goal is to manage the label and bring it on track,” he said, speaking to journalists after the show as he greeted guests including French singer Mireille Mathieu. — Reuters

Seaoil names latest ‘Lifetime Free Gas’ promo winners

Luzon grand winner Patricia Mae Goyeneche

SEAOIL, one of the country’s leading independent fuel providers, has just announced the grand winners of its sixth “Lifetime Free Gas” (LFG) promo. Patricia Mae Goyeneche (Luzon), Oscar Alain Aguilar (Visayas), and Justine Michael Omega (Mindanao) — all regular Seaoil customers — come away with a lifetime supply of free fuel.

Ms. Goyeneche, 42, hails from Pasig City and is a senior relationship manager at a local bank. She has been gassing up at Seaoil since her college days. With her husband’s encouragement, Ms. Goyeneche joined the LFG promo, and now says she can significantly save on her fuel expenses — especially with her son heading to college soon. She plans to use the free gas on family trips and give more to charities close to her heart.

Mr. Aguilar, 47, is from Consolacion, Cebu and owns a trucking company that offers transportation services to businesses with a focus on moving essential goods. He spends roughly P6,000 on fuel each week for both his personal and business trips. By winning in the LFG promo, Mr. Aguilar will get to significantly save and put the extra money aside for future family trips and for growing his business.

“This is a big help in attaining our goals. I’m very amazed and highly blessed that we won. These days of sky-high prices, this helps us to more easily budget for the needs of my family while helping to grow our business,” Mr. Aguilar shared.

Finally, Mr. Omega, 26, is a technical draftsman who comes from Tagum City, Davao del Norte. Since getting his first car in 2021, he’s been a regular Seaoill customer and PriceLocq user. With the volatile fuel prices, he enjoys the savings he gets from using PriceLocq, and also the convenience of redeeming fuel and tracking his fuel transactions. He says that winning the LFG promo is extra-special because he found out that he won last Feb. 14, which is not only Valentine’s Day, but his birthday, too. Mr. Omega looks forward to taking more road trips with his wife and saving up for his dream house and to further grow his business.

“I don’t have to think about fuel expenses anymore,” he shared. “I can save more for building our house and establishing a business.”

Seaoil’s sixth run of the Lifetime Free Gas promo featured over P3 million worth of instant prizes, and exclusive pricing in the PriceLocq mobile app for one year, special draws for TNVS and delivery partners, and draws for minor prizes. Currently, Seaoil’s Lifetime Free Gas promo has a total of 21 grand winners nationwide since it began in 2017.

CTA affirms granting part of manpower firm’s refund claim

CTA.JUDICIARY.GOV.PH

THE Court of Tax Appeals (CTA) has upheld its partial refund of Services Resources, Inc.’s (SRI) excess creditable withholding taxes worth P16.12 million for the fiscal year 2016.

In a 23-page ruling made public on March 9, the CTA full court rejected the commissioner of internal revenue’s (CIR) appeal to void the refund saying the Second Division did not abuse its discretion in granting the said amount.

“What is clear, based on a reading of the decision, is that the court has, in fact, methodically considered each of the requisites of the judicial claim,” Associate Justice Maria Belen M. Ringpis-Liban said in the ruling.

SRI initially sought a refund of its CWT overpayment totaling P16.68 million for 2016.

The CIR argued that the manpower firm failed to prove that it overpaid the collected CWT during the period.

The CTA disagreed as it said SRI sufficiently reflected its overpayment in its annual income tax return for 2016 and certificates of taxes withheld at source.

“Other than stating a bare and unfounded contention, petitioner CIR failed to proffer convincing arguments and evidence that would persuade the court en banc to disturb the factual findings of the CTA Second Division,” it said.

Under the country’s revenue code, taxpaying entities must provide certificates of taxes withheld at source to support a claim of erroneous payment or overpayment.

Proof of actual remittance is not a condition to claim a refund of excess tax credits, the tribunal said citing Supreme Court jurisprudence.

It noted that an independent certified public accountant verified the documents and certificates submitted as valid and original copies.

“The Supreme Court ruled that ‘it is fundamental that the findings of fact by the CTA in Division are not to be disturbed without any showing of grave abuse of discretion considering that the members of the division are in the best position to analyze the documents presented by the parties,” the tribunal said citing High Court jurisprudence. — John Victor D. Ordoñez

Tom Hanks is the best of the worst at the 2023 Razzies for Elvis role

TOM HANKS ‘won’ a Razzie for his role in the film Elvis.

LOS ANGELES — In the 2022 Elvis film, Tom Hanks’ depiction of Elvis Presley’s real-life former manager, Colonel Tom Parker, is cruel, corrupt, and according to the 2023 Razzie award results, deserving of worst supporting actor and worst screen combo awards.

Before celebrating the best films of the season during the Oscar ceremony on Sunday, the Razzie Awards called out the worst on Saturday.

Despite the Forrest Gump actor’s legacy of Oscar-winning roles, many critics and fans condemned his performance in Elvis, particularly his accent.

The Razzies named Hanks worst supporting actor and worst screen combo for the actor and his “latex face” in the film.

Joining Hanks, biographical drama Blonde, starring Ana de Armas as Hollywood icon Marilyn Monroe “won” Razzies for both worst picture and screenplay. De Armas, however, is in the running for best actress for the role at Sunday’s Academy Awards.

Also taking home a Razzie is Jared Leto, who portrays Michael Morbius, and Adria Arjona, who portrays Dr. Martine Bancroft, in the Sony Marvel film Morbius. Both win for worst actor and worst supporting actress.

The Redeemer Award, which is granted to a previous Razzie contender who’s redeemed themselves following their unfavorable fall to Razzie status, goes to Colin Farrell for the Oscar nominated film Banshees of Inisherin.

Farrell was nominated in 2004 in the Razzie worst actor category for Winter’s Tale, but as a now 2022 best actor front-runner for his leading role, he has escaped from Razzie prison, possibly rising to Oscar status on Sunday.

Finally, the Razzies awarded itself the worst actress award after it nominated 12-year-old Firestarter actress Ryan Kiera Armstrong for a Razzie. After allegations of bullying, Armstrong was later removed from the Razzie ballot.

The Razzies, the self-described “ugly cousin to the Oscars,” started in 1980 as the Golden Raspberry Awards, created by UCLA film school graduates and film industry veterans John J.B. Wilson and Mo Murphy.

More than 1,100 Razzie members from across the United States and about two dozen other countries vote on the awards, according to the Razzie website. — Reuters

Honda Cars PHL extends ‘Choose Your Own Deal’ promo

PHOTO FROM HONDA CARS PHILIPPINES, INC.

HONDA CARS Philippines, Inc. (HCPI) extends its “Choose Your Own Deal” promotion, with more packages and models covered, including the City, Brio, and all-new BR-V. HCPI offers exclusive freebies such as one-year free preventive maintenance service (PMS), and special deals on genuine Honda accessories. Customers who purchase select variants of the City sedan, Brio, and the BR-V have the option to choose the package that best fits their needs:

To avail of the “Choose Your Own Deal” promo, customers must have a reservation from March 4 to 31, 2023 and the vehicle must be released until April 30, 2023. The free PMS and accessory vouchers will be given to the customer upon the release of the vehicle. Customers are expected to abide by PMS and voucher guidelines.

HCPI additionally offers discounts on selected genuine accessories until March 31, (refer to the chart on the left).

Meanwhile, in partnership with AXA Philippines, BPI MS Insurance, Malayan Insurance, Standard Insurance, and MAA General Assurance Philippines, the Honda Sensing Insurance Partnership Program offers improved preferential rates for comprehensive insurance to customers who will purchase Honda models equipped with the Honda Sensing – namely the all-new BR-V, all-new HR-V, Civic, and CR-V S Diesel 9AT Honda Sensing (seven-seater) and SX Diesel 9AT AWD Honda Sensing (seven-seater). Preferential rates are offered for as low as P2,323 per month.

Now on its last month, customers who will purchase the all-new BR-V 1.5 VX CVT Honda Sensing until March 31 are eligible for a special insurance package and other additional customer benefits from AXA, Standard Insurance, and Malayan Insurance.

To know more about Honda’s latest offers and vehicles, visit www.hondaphil.com or any of 37 authorized Honda Cars dealerships nationwide. Promo duration for the “Choose Your Own Deal” is from March 4 to 31, 2023.

SteelAsia’s Calaca steel plant to use artificial intelligence

SCREENGRAB FROM STEELASIA MANUFACTURING CORPORATION YOUTUBE PAGE

STEELASIA Manufacturing Corp. has tapped a German group to provide a more efficient way to increase steel production via artificial intelligence (AI).

In a statement over the weekend, the steel producer said it had signed an agreement with Germany’s SMS Group to equip its Calaca steel mill with an AI system for process automation and digitalization.

It said the deal, called the EAF Performance Improvement Partnership for Calaca (EPICA), will not increase its carbon footprint.

“We are proud to have Calaca as the Philippines’ first steel plant to be equipped with AI,” said Pino Tese, SMS Group’s chief sales officer for India and the Asia-Pacific region.

He said the use of renewable energies and efficiency improvements for the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, “equally supported by recycling, is a vital factor for a sustainable circular economy.”

Benjamin Yao, SteelAsia chairman and chief executive officer, said: “It also means higher green steel production for the country as Calaca uses 100% renewable energy for steelmaking.”

In the media release, the company said the latest combustion technology will be used in its electric arc furnace as part of the project. It added that the pollution control system will also be upgraded to support the project.

SteelAsia said its Calaca plant produces up to 450,000 tons of rebar annually, which it valued at around P18 billion. It expects the project improvements “to increase output in anticipation of higher rebar requirements for infrastructure and housing projects.”

SteelAsia operates five other manufacturing plants in Bulacan, Cebu, Davao and Misamis Oriental. It is scheduled to launch a seventh plant this year in Compostela, Cebu. The new plant is expected to increase its output to 3 million metric tons of steel rebars yearly from 2 million metric tons.

SteelAsia, which is said to be the country’s largest steel manufacturer, has been investing to increase local steel self-reliance and cut import dependence.

Direct-sale model comes for middlemen in produce trade

BW FILE PHOTO

By Patricia B. Mirasol, Reporter

MARKET forces are a cruel master, forcing economic actors to be efficient enough to thrive even when prices are low. Sometimes, however, they fall too low for most producers to earn a decent living. And that is where organizations like Rural Rising Philippines (RuRi) step in.

RuRi, a self-described “accidental advocacy,” has dedicated itself to the proposition that farm produce is unfairly priced, and that direct purchasing at higher prices and a distribution model light on middlemen might hold the key to a future where everyone in the supply chain benefits. 

The husband-and-wife team that runs RuRi intended to give farmers enough leverage “to stand up to middlemen,” according to co-founder Ace C. Estrada. “Now they say, ‘Oh, Rural Rising pays us this much.’”

Mr. Estrada and wife Andie sell the produce they pick up at higher-than-market prices via a 38,000-member Facebook group, and to 174,000 followers on the RuRi Facebook page.

The enterprise was inspired by news stories during the height of the lockdown in 2020 about farmers forced to throw their produce away because of a lack of buyers.

RuRi supporters “are entranced by the stories of the farmers,” Mr. Estrada said in an e-mail. “We reveal the names of people and places where we get (the produce). This transparency inspires members to help more, because they are now not just buying vegetables but… (also) buying the opportunity to help.” 

The social enterprise purchases produce from farmers from Luzon and parts of the Visayas, including Leyte and Antique.

A farmer from Zambales, for instance, attested to the sale of three tons of sweet potatoes to RuRi for P35 per kilo. Middlemen would have paid P9 per kilo, the farmer told Mr. Estrada.

The inefficiency of transport in rural areas and the fragmented nature of small farms means middlemen have stepped in to consolidate the harvests and transport them to markets. The cut they take at each stage means that squash that sells for P4 at the farmgate will be priced at P50 by the time it reaches a public market in Metro Manila. 

Middlemen are “not necessarily evil,” Mr. Estrada said. “But there should be price regulation.”

TULFO NG AGRI
For his efforts, Mr. Estrada has been called the “Tulfo ng Agri,” a reference to Senator Rafael T. Tulfo’s public affairs show that aids people victimized by fraud and exploitation. 

The problem of the farmers is also an inability to see opportunity in large harvests, he told BusinessWorld.

“We tell them to be entrepreneurial,” he said. “They come to us ‘pag nagtatapon na sila (when they are about to dispose of produce). It’s always, ‘Sir, nagtapon po kami ng (we discarded) four tons.’ It’s never, ‘We are about to harvest in two weeks.’”

One of the latest purchases is from an Aglipay, Quirino province farmer who was able to bring his ripening Japanese sweet potatoes (bintong) to RuRi’s truck in Nueva Vizcaya — right before it had to travel back to Manila.

Prior to RuRi, Mr. Estrada ran a coding bootcamp in Baguio. The IT worldview of dealing with constant disruption gave him a taste for disrupting agriculture, which he considers riddled with “vested interests.”

Ano ’yung product na political, or laging pinag-uusapan sa Senado (What product is political and always being discussed in the Senate)?” he asked. “May (There are) vested interests to protect.”

“Some products are more dangerous to handle than others, so we stay away from that,” he said, adding that he has received threats as a result of his work.

Future plans include the opening of stores akin to mini-versions of a Food Terminal, Inc., a center for receiving produce from the hinterlands to systematize urban food distribution.

The founders also aim to develop RuRi as a corporation, and make group members and farmers part owners.

Making farmers shareholders will give them another source of income apart from farming, Mr. Estrada said.

“Members can buy shares for a farmer and donate it to him, to inspire him to continue to contribute — both as a producer and an owner,” he added.

Tuxedos and jumpsuits: menswear dazzles on awards season red carpets

EDDIE REDMAYNE attends the 29th Screen Actors Guild Awards at the Fairmont Century Plaza Hotel in Los Angeles, California, US, Feb. 26. — REUTERS/AUDE GUERRUCCI
EDDIE REDMAYNE attends the 29th Screen Actors Guild Awards at the Fairmont Century Plaza Hotel in Los Angeles, California, US, Feb. 26. — REUTERS/AUDE GUERRUCCI

LONDON — From classic tuxedos to shiny jumpsuits, menswear has dazzled on the red carpets this awards season, sometimes even attracting the most attention with eye-catching looks.

Singer Harry Styles arrived at the Grammy Awards in a chest-baring sparkling harlequin jumpsuit, while Oscar nominee Barry Keoghan has chosen ensembles in pale blue and red as his style choices for the Golden Globes and British Academy of Film (BAFTA) Awards.

While classic suits and tuxedos are still a red-carpet staple, menswear now features plenty of variety and bolder choices — vibrant colors, sparkling embroidery or detailing, as fashion favorite, actor Timothee Chalamet has often demonstrated with his non-traditional outfits.

“There is more of an expectation now than perhaps traditionally… definitely more then there would have been 20 or 30 years ago (when it was) much more kind of pre-ordained what guys would be wearing to ceremonies,” Charlie Teasdale, style director of men’s magazine Esquire UK, told Reuters.

“Now it’s much more of a guessing game.”

Oscar winner Eddie Redmayne has won style accolades for his red-carpet choices this awards season, which culminates with Sunday’s Oscars. His looks have included an all-brown suit decorated with a large flower, a black jumpsuit, and high-waisted black trousers paired with a white shirt bearing a massive bow at the neck.

In some instances, ties have been loosened or dropped altogether — actor Andrew Garfield sported a more open-neck look in a dark orange suit for the Globes, while Donald Glover chose white silky pajamas under a black jacket for the same event.

“Lots of the guys that you’re seeing at ceremonies, it’s a place where people really see trends that might be appearing over the next year or two, or even shorter,” Mr. Teasdale said.

“Menswear in that sense, particularly on the red carpet has become super exciting particularly in the last few years, just because you never quite know what is going to happen and it is so influential.”

Mr. Teasdale distinguished between film and music ceremonies, such as the Grammys and BRIT Awards, with the former like the BAFTAs featuring more classic tailored suits, and the latter showcasing more daring looks.

Men’s accessories this season have included shiny lapel jewelry worn by the likes of actors Rege-Jean Page and Rami Malek, diamond-encrusted sunglasses favored by music star Pharrell Williams at the Grammys as well as clutch bags.

Asked what she thought of men’s fashion this award season, Oscar nominee Michelle Yeoh told Reuters last month: “I love it.”

“It’s like men are allowed to have color and to be bold and beautiful and stunning or whatever they want.” — Reuters

J&T Express turns 4

PHOTO FROM J&T EXPRESS PHILIPPINES

EXPRESS DELIVERY service provider J&T Express celebrates its fourth year in the country, and reports that it now boasts “expansive nationwide coverage — with most e-commerce platforms (with) MSMEs putting it on top of their lists as their chosen courier.”

Said J&T Express Philippines President and CEO Dean Ding in a company release, “The difficulties and trials we faced are not to be feared; we take these as opportunities and a driving force for progress. With the normalization of the pandemic, online shopping has become the choice of more customers as the company ushered in new development. We seized the opportunity to continue making broader partnerships with large e-commerce platforms, and we actively support double-day and payday promotions.”

The firm now has over 2,500 branches, close to 50,000 service personnel, and more than 2,000 owned trucks and vehicles. Mr. Ding promised to “continue and improve (the) express delivery service, and (to) invest in more advanced technologies and equipment to improve timeliness.”

This March, J&T Express also launched “Jet Care” for all of its employees. The program, which started in Indonesia in 2017, offers financial assistance to help its employees who are experiencing difficulties in life — such as a critical illness or education. J&T Express will provide help, which comes from the company’s funds and donations from management.

Biofertilizer shift to benefit from expertise in state universities

ATLASFERTILIZER.COM

By Sheldeen Joy Talavera

A SHIFT to biofertilizer will allow users to tap an extensive array of know-how residing in state universities and research agencies, a government researcher said.

“I think we have a solid technological base on which we can build a biofertilizer program,” according to Roehlano M. Briones, senior research fellow from the Philippine Institute of Philippine Studies, speaking by phone to BusinessWorld.

The government has ordered greater use of biofertilizer as an import-replacement strategy, following the disruption in the fertilizer market in the wake of the Ukraine war.

“Definitely, there is a large scope for replacement in the medium to long term. That is why, if you want to realize that in the next five years, you have to start now,” Mr. Briones said.

Mr. Briones said that most of the chemical fertilizers used in the Philippines are imported.

Chemical fertilizers require synthesizing major nutrients, especially nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, using intensive industrial processes.

He said urea — a white crystalline compound containing nitrogen — uses ammonium as raw material.

“You draw in nitrogen from the atmosphere using the Haber-Bosch Process. Very intensive in use of chemical reactions,” he said.

Biofertilizer, on the other hand, uses crop residue or animal manure enriched with microorganisms using biological processes.

Mr. Briones added that there is no current standard process for producing biofertilizer, because there are many varieties.

Manure-based fertilizer, he said, can be sourced from livestock farms and produced using a biodigester, in which the raw material will undergo anaerobic composition to become a slurry, which then can be used as a fertilizer.

“For overall soil health and long-term sustainability of your agricultural production, biofertilizer is more favorable. There is also an additional benefit, and it is very important (in addressing) climate change,” he said.

He noted that biofertilizer-treated soil can store more carbon, which can mitigate greenhouse gases.

Marlon B. Deblois, a senior agriculturist with the Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority, said the yield performance of biofertilizer varies widely, depending on the area treated or the season in which it is used. 

“Biofertilizers give off different nutrients (depending on the) microorganism,” he told BusinessWorld by telephone.

Mr. Briones said biofertilizer must also be used in conjunction with other fertilizers, though supplementation with biofertilizer means that “At least you can replace a lot of chemical fertilizer.”

The Philippine Rice Research Institute, recommends using a combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer, which it calculates can save farmers P2,000-P4,000 per hectare, depending on the amounts used, timing, and type of fertilizer employed.

According to Danilo H. Ramos, who chairs the Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas (KMP), a bag of urea currently costs at least P2,000.

“I heard from our scientists that it is indeed possible as long as there is political will and a program from the government, not rely on foreign inputs,” he told BusinessWorld.

He said farmers have been sustaining losses even before the fertilizer crisis. He cited a 2019 KMP case study in Nueva Ecija estimating the cost of production at P69,000 per hectare, when a bag of urea cost only P800.

He also said any impact from using biofertilizer could be offset by the ongoing government push in favor of hybrid rice seeds.

According to Mr. Ramos, hybrid varieties are expensive and cannot be used for the succeeding cropping season. They are also fertilizer and pesticide-intensive, which keeps farmers in debt.

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