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The art of forgetting

IT’S NOT just broken personal relationships that require the need to forget, along with the admonition to “just move on,” as if memories, especially the bad ones, are a heavy burden that hinder mobility. The art of forgetting needs to be developed, even if it comes all too naturally to the elderly who don’t remember where they parked the car or their PIN in front of the ATM — I know it’s the numbers of my birthday. The socially distanced line at the back gets restless.

A senior executive pirated from a competitor has to unlearn the mindset and culture of the company he left. (Why do they have so many meetings?) This ability to forget applies to the lower levels too. Say the top media company’s franchise is canceled. What happens to the talents and support groups that are also disenfranchised? Some migrate to another organization (you need to take a salary cut). Do they bring the hubris and arrogance of the market leader to the third-place company they now work for?

The failure to respect a new corporate culture is no different from old colonizers imposing their traditions wholesale on countries they have vanquished. Little regard is shown for the indigenous culture in the process of assimilation.

“Culture shock” is most traumatic in the entry of private sector executives in government jobs. The public sector culture is everything the private sector executive abhors. Government culture rewards seniority rather than merit. Manuals and audit rules are the basis for decision-making. The informal hierarchies are not reflected in the management structure. There are unwritten rules that preserve the status quo of entitlements. Hints of corruption, especially for reformers, are too delicious a temptation to resist — what is he up to? And why does he use so many consultants?

It is no surprise that private sector executives, no matter how accomplished and well meaning, meet their Waterloo in public service. Their impatience with the system and those that promote it is seldom disguised. The bureaucracy fights back the best way it knows how. It delays by slow walking. It ensures low performance indicators for the new boss from missed deadlines. It leaks scandals (usually administrative oversights) to the media to make the boss look unfit.

Successful public executives are usually those who have already had some bureaucratic experience in compromise and red tape. Hence, military types smoothly slide into public positions with very little adjustment. They know how to follow orders and red-tag critics. They can even do fitness exercises sitting down.

The process of forgetting past entitlements and successes in a previous organization (or at least not mentioning them too often) requires humility. The new company one has joined is capable of teaching new and useful skills.

Forgetting most of the lessons learned in a previous career does not mean throwing away accumulated experience. It merely seeks to maintain openness to different ways of getting things done rather than presuming one way to be superior to another. Central to the posture of an unwillingness to integrate with a new organization is a deep-seated arrogance of somebody who has all the answers. So why should he listen to the opinions of the natives?

True, adjustments need to come from both sides. But simply out of numerical asymmetry, the newly poached executive must not expect the mass of subordinates to unlearn their own hard-won skills. It’s more sensible for the former to bend and see what he can learn from his new charges.

The art of forgetting makes one a good listener.

There is a rare psychological state called hyperthymesia, the opposite of forgetfulness. The former involves excessive remembering. Every detail of one’s past is continuously imposed on the mind leading to insomnia and a paralysis of thought from an overloaded closet of memories. Not being able to forget anything brings its own burden. Selective amnesia, or the ability to forget hurts, fake news, betrayals, and feelings of persecution allows an individual to adopt a more optimistic outlook.

Forgetting one’s bias and accepting a new culture is as important as understanding the business one has joined. Moving on and moving forward require unchaining ourselves from certain memories… and acquiring new and more positive ones.

 

Tony Samson is Chairman and CEO, TOUCH xda

ar.samson@yahoo.com

Fitch unlikely to upgrade major economies even with vaccine

FITCH RATINGS told Reuters on Tuesday that upgrades of any major economy are unlikely in 2021 despite recent developments related to COVID-19 vaccination, and that countries in Latin America, the Middle East and Africa show the highest level of vulnerability to further negative action in the coming year.

“We have only two sovereign ratings (Cote d’Ivoire and New Zealand) on Positive Outlook so upgrades of any major economies currently look unlikely in 2021,” Tony Stringer, chief operating officer of the rating agency’s Global Sovereigns and Supranationals, said in an emailed response to questions posed by Reuters.

“The two regions that have already seen the most rating downgrades (Latin America and Middle East & Africa) display the highest level of vulnerability to further negative action, with 9 and 12 Negative Outlooks respectively,” Mr. Stringer said.

Countries hit hard by the coronavirus will see the maximum economic boost from an effective vaccine which is rolled out swiftly in the first half of next year, Brian Coulton, Fitch’s chief economist told Reuters.

“All developed countries will clearly benefit (from a vaccine) but the UK, Spain, France and Italy were among the hardest hit in H1 2020 and the UK and the EU (European Union) have placed very large pre-orders of the Pfizer, Moderna and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines,” he said.

Mr. Coulton also said that the start of 2021 will be weak in Europe and the United States as a result of recently tightened restrictions and that the clearest benefits in annual growth numbers will be seen in 2022.

Fitch’s chief economist said that the rating agency expects a slower vaccine roll out in emerging markets as the logistics of rolling out mass immunization programmes could be more challenging, while vaccine pre-orders have been more modest.

The remarks come as coronavirus cases are still surging globally, with COVID-19 infections being at their peak in the United States, where an average of 193,863 new cases were reported each day over the past week, according to a Reuters tally.

“There are also some signs that the US economy is starting to be affected by the recent surge in cases and renewed restrictions, though lockdown responses to date have been much less aggressive there, helping to explain its relatively shallower downturn in 2020,” Mr. Coulton told Reuters.

US regulators stepped closer to approving the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine on Tuesday as a 90-year-old British woman became the first person outside of trials to receive the shot, offering hope of slowing a pandemic that has pushed hospitals to the brink.

Fitch said earlier on Tuesday that uncertainties over the spread of coronavirus, as well as its immediate and longer-term economic implications will continue to exert pressure on global public finances in 2021.

Global gross domestic product recovery will strengthen from mid-2021 with vaccine rollouts now looking imminent, the agency noted.

Moody’s told Reuters last week that most sovereigns face a “significant negative shock” from the pandemic while S&P Global said in October that some of the world’s top economies could see their credit ratings cut or put on downgrade warnings in the coming months. — Reuters

UAE says China’s Sinopharm vaccine has 86% efficacy against  COVID-19

DUBAI — An experimental coronavirus vaccine developed by China’s Sinopharm has 86% efficacy against the virus, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) health ministry said on Wednesday, citing an interim analysis of a human trial underway there.

The Gulf Arab state has been conducting Phase 3 clinical trials of the vaccine since July and in September approved its emergency use for certain groups.

The analysis also shows “99% seroconversion rate of neutralizing antibody and 100% effectiveness in preventing moderate and severe cases of the disease,” the ministry said in a statement carried by the state news agency.

It also said it had registered the vaccine, without elaborating.

The vaccine, which uses an inactivated virus, unable to replicate human cells, to trigger immune responses, requires two doses, past trial data has showed.

The UAE trial is a partnership between Sinopharm’s China National Biotec Group (CNBG), Abu Dhabi-based artificial intelligence and cloud computing company Group 42 (G42) and the Abu Dhabi Department of Health.

Sinopharm and G42 have also expanded the trial to Egypt, Jordan and Bahrain.

Abu Dhabi, the country’s capital, this week said it was seeking volunteers to take part in clinical trials of Russia’s coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, known as Sputnik V.

The UAE, with a population of around 9 million, has recorded 178,837 infections and 596 deaths from the disease. — Reuters

Labor group seeks help for seafarers stranded by COVID

NEW YORK — Hundreds of thousands of seafarers around the world are stranded at sea due to coronavirus travel restrictions, unable to go home or get medical care, the International Labour Organization (ILO) said on Tuesday, calling on nations to address their plight.

Many shipping and transport workers have been at sea as long as 17 months or longer, as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related restrictions make it almost impossible to rotate crews, the United Nations’ labor agency said.

The ILO adopted a resolution asking nations to take action by providing medical care to seafarers in need, waiving visa or documentation requirements and designating seafarers as key workers who are allowed to go home.

“The problems faced by seafarers resulting from efforts to contain the virus have lasted unacceptably long,” said ILO Director General Guy Ryder in a statement.

“These key workers continue to transport the food, medicines and goods that we need, but their extended periods at sea, and the inability of seafarers ashore to relieve them, are simply unsustainable.”

About 90% of world trade goods are transported by sea, and coronavirus restrictions have crippled supply chains even as lockdowns ease in some parts of the world.

Nautilus International, a union of some 20,000 shipping workers, has launched a global campaign for crew changes by Christmas”

The London-based organization said it estimates 400,000 seafarers are stranded on ships, unable to be relieved.

Another 400,000 seafarers are home, unable to take over the jobs at sea and in serious financial hardship, it said.

At a virtual summit hosted by Britain in July, a dozen countries including the United States, Germany and Singapore agreed to open up their borders to seafarers and increase the number of commercial flights to speed up repatriation efforts.

But countries must act on their commitments, the U.N. agency said. In June, Pope Francis paid tribute to the stranded seafarers in a special video message, saying they were “not forgotten.” — Thomson Reuters Foundation

National team coaches all for building better players, system

By Michael Angelo S. Murillo, Senior Reporter

ONE with having the right set of players and system for the country’s basketball program to go far, national coaches Tab Baldwin and Jong Uichico welcome efforts to go in that direction.

In separate podcast interviews last week, Messrs. Baldwin and Uichico, part of the coaching team for the youth-laden Gilas Pilipinas squad that recently saw action in the second window of the International Basketball Association (FIBA) Asia Cup Qualifiers, said considering the international basketball landscape right now, focus should be given to shoring up the country’s hoops program not only for the present, but, more importantly, moving forward.

The two said the process could take some time, but it should not stop stakeholders from going for it if they want Philippine basketball to progress as hoped.

“There’s a lot to work on, but we have an excellent environment now to begin developing and building better basketball players and a better basketball system,” said Mr. Baldwin in his second guesting on Tiebreaker Vods’ Coaches Unfiltered podcast on Dec. 4.

The champion Ateneo coach, in his capacity as Samahang Basketbol ng Pilipinas Inc. (SBP) program director, helped compose the pool of players for the FIBA Asia Cup Qualifiers in Bahrain, and assisted head coach Uichico during the games.

SBP and the Gilas coaching staff went for youth in the window to showcase what the country’s young players can do and give them international exposure, in line with the thrust of preparing for the future, including for the 2023 FIBA World Cup, where the country is one of the host nations along with Japan and Indonesia.

It was a move that paid instant dividends as the team of amateur and collegiate stars not only competed in the window but won big, sweeping Thailand in their two-game series by an average winning margin of 28 points.

The twin victories helped the Philippines stay unscathed in the qualifiers and claim solo leadership in Group A with a 3-0 record heading into the final window set for February next year.

Mr. Baldwin said their run in Bahrain had its share of bumps, but overall provided much to take cue from as they sharpen their program moving forward.

“I’m really happy going into this experience with this Gilas pool of players… I knew what was coming, dealing with the players and it’s always a blessing, it’s always fun and exciting, but it’s always a challenge. There are difficulties in dealing with younger players, there’s so much teaching,” he said.

“There was more teaching when you have young players like we had against Thailand,” Mr. Uichico said, for his part, in his session on the 2OT podcast on Dec. 3.

“There’s more teaching because they still do not have the experience and learning curve of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) players, but you have to forge ahead and keep teaching; which is why it is a good thing that this kind of program has started,” he added.

Part of the pool of players that saw action in the FIBA Asia Cup Qualifiers in Bahrain were Dwight Ramos, Juan and Javi Gomez de Liano, Kobe Paras, Isaac Go, Matt and Mike Nieto, Will Navarro, Rey Suerte, Justine Baltazar, Calvin Oftana, Kenmark Carino, Jaydee Tungcab and Dave Ildefonso.

For the next window, both Messrs. Baldwin and Uichico said they will carefully chart their plans as far as composition of the players is concerned to come out with the best result possible.

“We are planning and obviously we have to talk to all of our partners that are involved in the basketball landscape, my good friends at the PBA, SBP, our bosses and all of the college teams, too,” said Mr. Baldwin.

Mr. Uichico said the team could have PBA players back, but he would not be surprised if players from the second window get a call-up anew.

Local obstacle sports federation continues to thrive amid pandemic

HAD it momentous in 2019, the Philippine Obstacle Sports Federation (POSF) continued to thrive, despite the challenges presented by the coronavirus pandemic this year.

One of the more successful Philippine sports associations in last year’s 30th Southeast Asian Games, where obstacle course racing accounted for 10 medals, six of which gold, the POSF said work continued for them after in further developing the sport and the local scene for it despite operating in extraordinary times. “We never stopped,” said Atty. Al Agra, POSF president, in his session at the online Philippine Sportswriters Association Forum on Tuesday.

Mr. Agra went on to say that while the pandemic has made their work all the more challenging, it has not stopped them from putting forth their plans and programs with the end view of keeping obstacle course racing relevant and building on the gains they have made since being established in 2017.

“We coined the term ‘advertunity’ in that there are opportunities amid the adversities. We relied on our resiliency. We did not look at the new normal but the better normal, and through sports contribute to sustainability and development in the country,” said Mr. Agra.

Apart from laying down programs for regular practitioners of the sport, POSF has also moved to use its platform to engage and involve other members of the community, in particular, street children, the visually impaired and the deaf, through the Association for Community Sports Advocates (ACSA).

“It’s sports for all with no discrimination. We created a primer on 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) covering sports, human rights and our national athletes. We put up a template on sports ordinance for the cities, municipalities and provinces,” said the POSF head.

Mr. Agra was also happy to report that different communities in the country have started to take notice of obstacle course racing, by setting up race courses in their areas.

He cited Subic, Laguna, Boracay, Cebu, and the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao as some of the places that have put up facilities.

POSF is also in the process of preparing an Obstacle in a Box (a 12-in-1 facility covering a limited space) for 20 schools, colleges, and universities in cooperation with the local government units.

“Appreciation for the sport really widened. During the lockdown, we held regular virtual workouts for the able-bodied, Para (special athletes), youth and seniors,” said Mr. Agra.

To finish the year, POSF is set to hold a face-to-face ninja event at the Pretty Huge Obstacles at SM Aura on Saturday.

Mr. Agra was quick to say though that the event will be conducted under strict health and safety protocols, with one athlete going at a time.

As for next year, the POSF is angling to host an Asian event in May and competing in a world event in Russia. — Michael Angelo S. Murillo

PRURide PH pedals through despite the challenges

ALREADY a staple in the local cycling scene, Pru Life UK’s PRURide PH would not let the year 2020 be a total loss for the sport as it pushes to stage the yearly event albeit pivoting digitally.

To adapt with the prevailing conditions brought about by the coronavirus pandemic, Pru Life UK has brought the country largest cycling festival online by way of the PRURide Virtual Challenge on Pulse.

To kick off this month, the virtual event is powered by Pulse, Pru Life UK’s all-in-one health management app, and invites cyclists, enthusiasts, and families to experience fun and safe cycling wherever they may be.

It is open to all Pulse Android users who have subscribed to a free premium subscription.

The virtual challenge is staged in partnership with Garmin smartwatch, a fitness band that can be easily synchronized with Pulse to track participants’ performances.

To join the virtual rides, cyclists need to download the Pulse mobile app on any Android device and sync it with a Pulse-compatible wearable, such as a Garmin, Google Fit, and Fitbit. Within the app, users can choose between different Distance Challenges.

Families are also encouraged to join the community engagement activity in the Pulse Cycling – PRURider community for a chance to win special prizes such as Best Decorated Bike, Best Christmas-themed family photo with bike, and Best Kid Costume photo with bike.

Given how far PRURide PH has come since its first staging in 2016 and in line with their group’s “We Do Health” advocacy, Allan Tumbaga, Pru Life UK SVP and Chief Customer Marketing Officer, said they really pushed for the event to take place amid the challenges of the pandemic.

“The number of PRURide PH participants has been growing since 2016 and  the awareness for using cycling as building healthy habits has been increasing. It also has caught the attention of award-giving bodies for its mission,” said Mr. Tumbaga of the cycling festival.

“PRURide PH has always been an inclusive festival for all cyclists, from beginners to professionals. In addition to providing our participants with an extraordinary cycling experience, we also want Filipinos to have an opportunity to have fun even amid tough circumstances,” he added.

The PRURide Virtual Challenge on Pulse will happen until January 2021 with registration details to be announced soon. For more information, visit the www.prulifeuk.com.ph or the Pru Life UK Facebook page at facebook.com/prulifeukofficial. – Michael Angelo S. Murillo

Ronaldo double helps Juve to 3-0 win over Barcelona

BARCELONA — Cristiano Ronaldo netted two penalties as Juventus out-classed Barcelona 3-0 at the Camp Nou to claim top spot in Champions League Group G on Tuesday.

It was Ronaldo’s first meeting with Barca since leaving bitter rivals Real Madrid in 2018 and it did not take long for the forward to make his mark on the game.

The Portuguese tested Barca goalkeeper Marc-Andre ter Stegen early on, before opening the scoring from the spot in the 13th minute after being felled by Ronald Araujo.

Defender Danilo flashed an effort just wide as the visitors cranked up the pressure, with a stunning Weston McKennie volley putting the Italian champions two goals up and in full control seven minutes later.

“The defeat was because of how we played in the opening 25 minutes,” a furious Barca coach Ronald Koeman said.

“We started badly, we looked scared, we weren’t aggressive. It looked as if we’d come out looking not to lose, as opposed to trying to control the game. We weren’t good, not even positionally.

“We got better, but we lost the game in the first half an hour.”

Both sides had already qualified for the knockout stages before kick-off. They ended the group phase on 15 points each, but Juve took first place by virtue of a superior head-to-head record.

Ronaldo got his second penalty when Clement Lenglet was penalised for handball seven minutes after the restart.

Things almost got worse for the Catalans a quarter of an hour from time when Leonardo Bonucci thought he had scored, only for a VAR review to show he had been offside as he bundled the ball in from close range.

The result puts the under-fire Koeman under pressure, with the club suffering back-to-back defeats for the first time under his stewardship.

Forward Antoine Griezmann, however, said the defeat was not Koeman’s fault.

“Who else’s fault could it be other than the players? We’re the ones who go out there and play,” he said.

“We were missing everything: desire, attitude, a willingness to run. Everything was bad.

“We’ve left a really bad image here tonight, for ourselves and for the fans.” Reuters

Sixers to keep Simmons, Embiid, could be out on James Harden

PHILADELPHIA 76ers president of basketball operations Daryl Morey is apparently out of the James Harden sweepstakes if the Houston Rockets demand one of Philadelphia’s young All-Stars in return.

Morey, per ESPN, is unwilling to engage his former employer, the Rockets, in talks surrounding Harden if the return package includes point guard Ben Simmons or Joel Embiid.

Simmons, 24, was the first overall pick in the 2016 NBA Draft and was selected to the 2020 All-Star team along with Embiid, the third pick in the 2014 draft.

Morey inherited the home-grown stars when he joined the franchise with new head coach Doc Rivers. The key decision-makers, along with general manager Elton Brand, have all made public commitments to keeping Simmons and the 26-year-old Embiid.

Harden officially became a holdout in Houston on Monday, when first-year coach Stephen Silas confirmed the 31-year-old former MVP wasn’t planning to show for training camp workouts.

“He’s not here and he has a reason, but that’s on him to tell whoever what the reason is,” Silas said.

Silas was hired to replace Mike D’Antoni, who left before Morey and is now an assistant coach for the Brooklyn Nets under Steve Nash. Harden is also reportedly interested in reuniting with D’Antoni, plus old Oklahoma City Thunder running mate Kevin Durant in Brooklyn.

Harden first reportedly broached a trade with the Rockets at the end of the season, around the same time Morey’s exit became official.

Harden averaged 34.3 points per game, but his one-season partnership with Russell Westbrook was not a playoff success. The Rockets finished in fourth place in the Western Conference at 44-28, but lost in five games to the Los Angeles Lakers in the second round of the NBA playoffs.

Westbrook was traded to the Washington Wizards for John Wall earlier this month. — Reuters

Philippine startup fundraising hits $184 million in first half of 2020

The fintech sector accounted for over 80% of the total announced invested capital in startups, signaling a  pivot from traditional financial services toward tech-driven platforms. Image via Facebook/@PayMayaOfficial

Local startup ecosystem ranks 53rd in the world, up 17 places from three years ago

By Patricia B. Mirasol

The first half of 2020 saw total investments in Philippine startups reach an estimated $183.8 million, a 384% increase from the 2019 year-round estimated value of $37.9 million, according to the Philippine Venture Capital Report released by Foxmont Capital Partners, a venture capital fund.  

The first half of 2020 raised this record capital with a little over half the number of deals (14) versus the same period last year (24), the report added.

Fintech, information technology (IT) and software, and transport and logistics grabbed the most investment capital, with COVID-19 accelerating growth of the top sector. Fintech has transaction values forecasted to increase by 24% at the end of 2020.

The Philippine startup ecosystem currently ranks at 53rd in the world—17 positions up from its ranking three years ago. It has more than 400 startups, 50 angel investors, 40 venture capitalists, and 35 incubators and accelerators. 

TOP SECTORS
The fintech sector accounted for over 80% of the total announced invested capital in startups, signaling a  pivot from traditional financial services toward tech-driven platforms. The report noted the Philippines’ strong English language skills and its established outsourcing industries as creating a favorable environment for these startups.

IT and software is the second biggest startup sector, accounting for 8% of total deal value for the same period. Most of the IT and software activities related to telecommunications and business-to-business (B2B) software development as corporate entities opened up to technology that startups built. Transport and logistics comes in third, comprising 3% of the total deal value. Investment activity in this sector is driven by rising e-commerce demands—a sector with 2% of total deal value. 

E-commerce gross merchandise value (or the total value of merchandise sold over a period of time through a customer-to-customer exchange site) is projected to reach $12 billion by 2025, on track to becoming one of the fastest-growing sectors in Southeast Asia.

Despite the spread of COVID-19 in the Philippines, the report said that the country’s startup activity matured in a short period of time due to access to more mentors, the entry of new funds and investors, and the rising number of successes. 

CHALLENGES TO A PROMISING FUTURE
This year’s Philippine Startup Survey revealed that both founders and investors expect a promising future. Ninety-six percent of founders are confident about their prospects for revenue growth over the next two years, with 95% aiming to enter new territories in the next five years. 

Seventy-eight percent of investors, meanwhile, are confident about their prospects for revenue growth over the next two years, with 73% wanting to inject up to $5 million in Philippine startups in the next three years.

“Today, capital is not only flowing into businesses with the purpose of regional expansion—it’s pouring into original ideas and energetic founders,” Franco Varona, managing partner of Foxmont Capital Partners, said in a statement. “It’s an exciting time to be a problem solver in the Philippines.”

To capitalize on future prospects, the country needs to overcome a set of challenges, among them a lack of external funding and a scarcity of initiatives to boost startups in the growth stage toward becoming unicorns (as the majority of support systems such as government legislation and incubators are focused on early-stage efforts). 

Promising startups remain under the radar of offshore capital, the report added. Further challenges include the need to match the technical talent pool of neighboring regions like Singapore, traditional career aspirations hindering entrepreneurship, and the persistence of brain drain.

Air freight prices ‘outrageous’ as COVID-19 shots rolled out, says WHO expert

Christmas demand “exaggerates the problem” of soaring cargo rates, which should ease early next year in time for the ramp-up in vaccine shipments.

GENEVA — Some carriers are seeking “outrageous” prices to fly dry ice and other medical equipment in the pre-holiday rush, but a capacity squeeze should ease in 2021 when the roll-out of COVID-19 vaccines is expected, the logistics chief of the World Health Organization (WHO) said on Tuesday.

Distribution of vaccines to low- and middle-income countries will be tricky, due to grounded passenger air services in some places, and may rely on charters, Paul Molinaro, WHO chief of operations support and logistics, told Reuters.

Price inflation has been a growing feature in air freight, with “across the board increases especially since November,” Mr. Molinaro said.

He cited a price quote just received for a dry ice shipment, needed to cool some lab re-agents, which is around 20 times the norm.

“I just had a quote from a cargo (company)—a big one that shall remain nameless—Dallas (Texas) USA to Sierra Leone, Freetown—at sort of $105 a kilo, which is outrageous actually,” he said. The “normal price” would be $4–$6 per kilo, he said.

Mr. Molinaro said a range of factors had driven prices, including a greater than usual pre-Christmas increase in e-commerce as lockdowns keep people at home.

“So we have air freight rates coming out of China going up because of the introduction of the new iPhone, because of the introduction of Play Station 5, and because of the fact that products are in high demand anyway,” he said.

By January, available capacity might increase, he added.

Airline body IATA’s chief economist Brian Pearce told reporters on Tuesday that Christmas demand “exaggerates the problem” of soaring cargo rates, which should ease early next year in time for the ramp-up in vaccine shipments. “That’s the low season for the cargo business—that will free up a lot of capacity,” he said.

HOTSPOTS AND SANCTIONS
The WHO hopes to have half a billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines available for distribution by the global COVAX initiative in the first quarter of 2021, its chief scientist said on Friday.

The UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF), which is taking the lead on delivering COVID-19 vaccines to developing countries, says it spent $35–$40 million on international vaccine freight in pre-crisis 2019 when it procured 2.43 billion doses for immunization campaigns against polio and other diseases.

Since then, prices have gone “through the roof,” the agency’s transport chief Pablo Panadero said. But UNICEF is negotiating lower rates with airlines for the airlift.

WHO may help arrange delivery of COVAX vaccine supplies to hotspots such as Somalia or Yemen or to sanctions-hit Iran or North Korea, Mr. Molinaro said.

“It will be areas where it is not necessarily straightforward using the regular passenger/cargo network,” he said.

“Syringes will be sea freight, you wouldn’t have air capacity to move that, no way,” he said.

The WHO is providing technical guidance to all countries on cold chain issues, Mr. Molinaro said, noting that the Pfizer vaccine requires storage at minus 70 degrees Celsius.

“We are still in a period with a lot of fog and crystal-ball kind of gazing, which obviously doesn’t make this easier.

“There may be a breakthrough vaccine that comes out, big production, 2–8 degrees, and that changes the game,” he said. — Stephanie Nebehay/Reuters