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Familiar foe Vietnam looms if PHL hurdles Thais

ASEANUTDFC.COM

VIETNAM punched its ticket to the finals of the Asean Mitsubishi Electric Cup and stands in the Philippines’ way should the Pinoy footballers take care of business against holder Thailand late Monday.

The Vietnamese beat Singapore in the second leg of their semifinal duel at the Viet Trio Stadium Sunday night, 3-1, to win the two-game tie with a goal aggregate of 5-1.

Nguyen Xuan Son, who sealed Vietnam’s 2-0 away victory in Leg 1, opened scoring from the spot in the first minute of first-half stoppage time then doubled the lead with a 63rd minute strike.

Kyoga Nakamura pulled one back for the Lions in the 74th before Nguyen Tien Linh iced it with an injury-time penalty.

The Golden Star Warriors, champions in 2008 and 2018 and runner-up in 2022, now await the outcome of the match between the Philippines, whom they played to a 1-1 draw in Manila in Group B, and the War Elephants.

The Philippines took a 2-1 lead against the three-peat-seeking Thais after an unforgettable result in Leg 1 last Friday in Manila. 

They sought to complete their takedown of the seven-time titlists with a draw or a win in the crunch match in Bangkok.

Vietnam is set to host the first leg of the championship on Jan. 2 in Viet Tri City before the two-leg series swings to its opponent’s turf three nights later. — Olmin Leyba

Seven ejected late in Heat’s comeback win over Rockets

MIAMI HEAT guard Tyler Herro (14) handles the ball against Houston Rockets forward Dillon Brooks (9) during the third quarter at Toyota Center. — REUTERS/ ERIK WILLIAMS-IMAGN IMAGES

TYLER HERRO recorded game highs of 27 points and nine assists before being ejected during a hostile final minute as the Miami Heat rallied from a 12-point second-half deficit to beat the host Houston Rockets 104-100 on Sunday.

Herro was one of five players tossed in the final 47.4 seconds after Nikola Jovic’s 3-pointer gave Miami a 98-94 lead.

Houston’s Fred VanVleet was ejected first for arguing a five-second call on the Rockets’ ensuing inbounds play. Twelve seconds later, Herro and Rockets forward Amen Thompson ignited a skirmish that led to both being disqualified along with Heat guard Terry Rozier and Houston guard Jalen Green. Rockets head coach Ime Udoka and assistant Ben Sullivan were also kicked out.

Jovic tacked on two free throws after the chaos to help Miami close out the win. He finished with 18 points, seven rebounds and six assists off the bench.

Haywood Highsmith tallied 15 points and eight rebounds for the Heat, who played a fifth consecutive game without Jimmy Butler. Bam Adebayo paired 12 points with 10 boards.

Dillon Brooks scored a team-high 22 points for Houston after missing the last three games with right ankle soreness. Alperen Sengun added 18 points and 18 rebounds, while Green scored 19 points before his ejection.

Herro led a 20-9 run that closed Miami to within 82-81 at the end of the third quarter. He also fueled the Heat down the stretch in the fourth, assisting on Highsmith’s tying 3-pointer with 4:47 left before adding a 9-footer for a 95-94 lead with 1:56 to play.

Brooks tallied nine points during a 14-2 spurt early in the third quarter that pushed the Rockets to a nine-point lead. Green’s 3-pointer made it 73-61 with 5:19 left in the third before Miami began to chip away behind Herro, who finished the quarter with 11 points and four assists.

The Heat used a 12-0 run to build a 31-27 lead after the first quarter.

Neither team gained control of the second as Miami carried a 53-50 lead into the break.

Rozier led the Heat with 12 points in the first half, while Sengun paced Houston with 14. — Reuters

Darnold-led Vikings down Packers for ninth straight win

SAM DARNOLD completed 33 of 43 passes for a career-best 377 yards to go with three touchdowns and one interception, and the Minnesota Vikings escaped with a 27-25 win over the Green Bay Packers on Sunday in Minneapolis.

Justin Jefferson had eight catches for 92 yards for Minnesota (14-2), which won its ninth game in a row. Jalen Nailor, Jordan Addison and Cam Akers had one touchdown reception apiece for the Vikings.

Jordan Love completed 19 of 30 passes for 185 yards and one touchdown for Green Bay (11-5). Josh Jacobs and Emanuel Wilson each rushed for a touchdown and Malik Heath had a touchdown catch for the Packers, who lost to the Vikings for the second time this season.

Minnesota’s nine-game winning streak matches its third longest in franchise history. The Vikings are enjoying their longest stretch of success since 1975 when they won 10 straight.

Green Bay rallied with back-to-back touchdowns in the fourth quarter to pull within two.

Wilson scored on a 5-yard run to cut the Packers’ deficit to 27-18 with 6:12 to go.

Love brought Green Bay within 27-25 with 2:18 to play. He fired a 3-yard touchdown pass to Heath, who scored on a quick slant.

The Vikings got the ball on the following kickoff and never gave it back to Green Bay. Darnold secured the win when he lobbed a pass to Akers for a first down to set up the victory formation.

The Packers opened the scoring late in the first quarter with a 22-yard field goal by Brandon McManus.

Minnesota responded to grab a 13-3 lead at the half.

Darnold found Nailor for a 31-yard touchdown with 11:52 remaining in the first half. Nailor was wide open and made a basket catch near the back of the end zone.

Reichard rounded out the first-half scoring with field goals from 25 yards and 50 yards.

The Vikings increased their lead to 20-3 on the opening drive of the second half. Addison made a diving grab for an 18-yard touchdown.

Green Bay pulled within 20-10 with 5:07 left in the third quarter. Jacobs scored on a 2-yard run.

Darnold’s third touchdown pass, this time to Akers, made it 27-10 in favor of the Vikings with 51 seconds remaining in the third quarter. — Reuters

Frustrated Djokovic says players kept in dark over high-profile doping cases

NOVAK DJOKOVIC — REUTERS

NOVAK DJOKOVIC expressed his frustration at being “kept in the dark” about world number one Jannik Sinner’s doping case, saying in Brisbane on Sunday that it was not a good look for tennis.

Anti-doping authorities said in August Sinner twice tested positive in March for the anabolic androgenic steroid clostebol and was cleared of wrongdoing by an independent tribunal that accepted his explanation of unintentional contamination.

The 23-year-old Italian faces a potential ban of up to two years after the World Anti-Doping Agency appealed that decision at the Court of Arbitration for Sport.

“It’s not a good image and not a good look for our sport,” Djokovic told reporters ahead of the Brisbane International.

“You don’t want to see that. I believe that in the last 20-plus years that I’ve been playing on the professional tour that we’ve been one of the cleanest sports. I’ll keep believing in that clean sport.

“I’m just questioning the way the system works, really, and why certain players are not treated the same as other players.”

Sinner’s was not the only recent high-profile case in the sport as world number two Iga Swiatek accepted a one-month ban that ended on Dec. 4 after a positive test for trimetazidine, which she said was due to contamination of her sleep medication.

The International Tennis Integrity Agency maintains that all doping cases are dealt with based on facts and evidence and not a player’s name, ranking or nationality, but has not been able to fend off allegations of double standards.

“The issue is the inconsistency and the transparency. We’ve been kept in the dark with Jannik’s case,” Djokovic added.

“I’m not questioning whether he took the banned substance intentionally or not. I believe in a clean sport, I believe that the player will do everything possible to be playing fair.

“I’ve known Jannik since he was very young. He doesn’t strike me as somebody who would do such a thing. But I’ve been really frustrated as (have) most of the other players to see that we’ve been kept in the dark for five months.”

Outspoken Australian Nick Kyrgios said the cases involving Sinner and Swiatek were “disgusting” for the sport and slammed authorities over what he saw as lenient treatment. — Reuters

Zverev fires as Germany begins United Cup title defense with win

PERTH — Alexander Zverev eased past Thiago Monteiro 6-4 6-4 as Germany beat Brazil for a winning start to their United Cup defense on Sunday while the Czech Republic, US and Italy were all victorious.

Zverev had a lengthy spell on the sidelines after damaging his ankle ligaments at the 2022 French Open but returned to his career-high ranking of number two following his Paris Masters triumph last month.

The 27-year-old continued his good form in the mixed team tournament that kicks off the new season as he used his heavy shots from the baseline to grab a break in the first game and took the opening set on serve with a huge ace.

Zverev stepped up a gear at the start of the next set with a stunning backhand winner en route to another break and he closed out the match comfortably to give Germany an unassailable 2-0 lead ahead of the mixed doubles match.

“I’m very happy to be back, very happy to be playing for team Germany,” said Zverev. “Perth is one of my favorite cities in Australia, I really enjoy my time here.

“I didn’t play that much tennis in the off season, I was actually in the gym… so the work has paid off I guess.”

Laura Siegemund had earned Germany their first point in the Group E encounter with a 6-3 1-6 6-4 victory over Beatriz Haddad Maia at the RAC Arena. She later partnered with Tim Puetz in a 7-6(8) 6-4 win over Carolina Alves and Rafael Matos for a clean sweep.

The US, inaugural champions of the tournament in 2023, clinched their Group A tie with Canada well past midnight as Coco Gauff and Taylor Fritz beat Leylah Fernandez and Felix Auger-Aliassime 7-6(2) 7-5.

Gauff earlier defeated Fernandez 6-3 6-2 before an inspired Auger-Aliassime stunned Fritz 4-6 7-5 6-3 to draw Canada level.

Italy crushed Switzerland in Group D in Sydney, as Flavio Cobolli defeated Dominic Stricker 6-3 7-6(2) and Jasmine Paolini beat Belinda Bencic 6-1 6-1 in 58 minutes.

Sara Errani and Andrea Vavassori made it 3-0 by dispatching Bencic and Stricker 6-4 6-4.

Earlier, 2023 French Open runner-up Karolina Muchova got her campaign up and running with a 6-2 6-2 win over Malene Helgo but Norway leveled the Group B clash against the Czech Republic thanks to Casper Ruud’s fighting effort.

Ruud needed a couple of medical timeouts for a left thigh problem before seeing off Thomas Machac 7-6(6) 5-7 6-4 but the world number six was unable to return for the mixed doubles decider that followed.

United Cup debutant Muchova and Machac then shrugged off the quick turnaround from their singles matches to ease past Ulrikke Eikeri and Viktor Durasovic 6-4 6-4 at the Ken Rosewall Arena. — Reuters

Win puts Forest five points behind leader Liverpool

LIVERPOOL, England — Goals from Chris Wood and Morgan Gibbs-White gave Nottingham Forest a 2-0 win over Everton on Sunday to move up to the heady heights of second in the Premier League after another superb performance away from home.

The win gives Forest, who battled relegation for much of last season, 37 points after 19 games. They are five behind leaders Liverpool, who have two games in hand and face West Ham United later on Sunday.

Forest is one ahead of third-placed Arsenal, who do not see action again until New Year’s Day, and two ahead of Chelsea, who can overtake them if they beat Ipswich Town on Monday.

Everton got off to a bright start as Iliman Ndiaye created the game’s first chance, slicing through the heart of the Forest defense before firing a shot high over the bar in the sixth minute.

That positive opening came to an abrupt end when the visitors took the lead in the 15th minute as Chris Wood nodded a long ball to Anthony Elanga on the counter-attack.

The Swedish winger headed it back into his path, teeing New Zealander Wood up to deftly lift it over the advancing Jordan Pickford and into the net.

Gibbs-White made it two on the hour mark as Wood rescued a broken-down counter-attack by sliding the ball through to him in the penalty area to cut back inside and fire home.

Everton did its best to knock the visitors out of their stride, picking up four yellow cards during some tough tackles, and defender James Tarkowski sailed close to the wind with a couple of challenges that could have earned him a second booking.

With Forest sitting back and protecting their lead, the Toffees enjoyed plenty of possession and registered 13 shots on goal, but only two of them were on target as their four-match unbeaten run came to an end.

The combination of Wood’s physicality and the speed of the rest of the Forest forward line may have been too much for Everton, but goal-scorer Wood was not getting carried away with his side’s high spot in the league table.

“It is nice, but we are not worried about that. We have got to keep focusing on what we are doing and take it game by game,” he told the BBC.

“It was a hard-fought victory today but a nice one… It is about taking your opportunity when it comes, and fortunately, I was able to do that,” the 33-year-old added. — Reuters

Liverpool’s Dutch master Slot rounds off almost perfect year

LONDON — Replacing Kop idol Juergen Klopp at Anfield looked to many like mission impossible for Dutchman Arne Slot when he was named as the German’s successor in May.

Now the appointment looks like a masterstroke halfway through his maiden Premier League campaign.

Liverpool’s 5-0 thrashing of West Ham United on Sunday put Slot’s side eight points clear of surprise second-placed side Nottingham Forest and 14 ahead of champions Manchester City.

They have lost only once in all competitions this season and Slot can look back on an almost perfect 2024.

His Feyenoord side was unbeaten from the turn of the year to when he left as they finished runners-up to PSV Eindhoven.

The only side to get the better of Liverpool this season is Nottingham Forest and the way Slot’s side has ended the year, a 20th title for the club now looks in their grasp.

“Compliments to Nottingham Forest. They were the one,” Slot said after his side’s rout of West Ham at the London Stadium.

While Slot inherited a high-quality squad and has not had to instigate a major rebuild, the tweaks he has made to Liverpool’s style have put them in total control of the table.

They are a little more pragmatic than they were under Klopp’s high-octane pressing game, but Slot has still retained Liverpool’s attacking verve, evidenced by the fact they have scored 45 goals in 18 games including 14 in the last three.

The 46-year-old has benefited hugely from Mohamed Salah having what promises to be his best-ever season at Liverpool despite the ongoing saga of the Egyptian’s contract talks.

Salah’s goal on Sunday took his tally for the season to 20 and his two assists mean he has been involved in 30 goals in 18 Premier League games for Liverpool this season.

The 32-year-old Salah has been involved in 52 goals in all competitions in 2024 (29 goals, 23 assists), which is more than any other player in Europe’s big five leagues.

“Mo and the word extraordinary is something I’ve heard a lot in the last six months,” Slot told reporters.

“He truly deserves this and probably for the eight years, but I am involved in the last half-year. I don’t think he keeps surprising us because we know what a player he is and we know he is able to do so. We can only hope he can keep bringing these performances in, but I would like to add that if he scores there’s also a lead-up to him scoring.

“So there are also other players that bring him into these positions, but if you bring Mo in these positions, he is extraordinary. Definitely.”

While Slot was delighted to see five different players on the scoresheet on Sunday, a first clean sheet in five games was equally satisfying after his side conceded nine goals in their previous four.

“Clean sheets are one of the reasons why you win a lot. If every time you have to score two, three or four goals it is difficult,” he said. “At the moment we do but it is not sustainable for a longer period of time.

“Sometimes you need a win by keeping a clean sheet and scoring one or two.” — Reuters

Nvidia supplier Ibiden weighs faster expansion for AI demand

FILE PHOTO: The logo of technology company Nvidia is seen at its headquarters in Santa Clara, California February 11, 2015. REUTERS/Robert Galbraith/File Photo

IBIDEN CO., the dominant supplier of chip package substrates used in Nvidia Corp.’s cutting-edge semiconductors, may need to dial up the pace of production capacity increases to keep up with demand, according to its chief executive officer (CEO).

Sales of the 112-year-old company’s artificial intelligence (AI)-use substrates are robust with customers buying up all that Ibiden has, CEO Koji Kawashima said, adding that that demand is likely to last at least through next year.

Ibiden is building a new substrate factory in Gifu prefecture, central Japan, expected to go online at 25% production capacity around the last quarter of 2025 before reaching 50% by March 2026. But that may not be enough, Mr. Kawashima said. The company’s in talks about when to get the remaining 50% capacity online.

“Our customers have concerns,” he said in an interview. “We’re already being asked about our next investment and the next capacity expansion.”

Ibiden’s shares rose as much as 5.5% in Tokyo on Monday, their biggest intraday gain in more than a month.

Ibiden’s clients include Intel Corp., Advanced Micro Devices Inc., Samsung Electronics Co. and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., as well as Nvidia, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. Many of them consult with the Japanese company early in product development, because the substrates — which help transmit signals from semiconductors to the circuit board — need to be tailored for each chip. Substrates must be made to withstand the heat of an Nvidia graphics processing unit to form an AI chip package complete with components such as memory.

Founded as a power utility company in 1912, Ibiden developed semiconductor expertise through a partnership with Intel that Mr. Kawashima cultivated by waiting every day in front of the Santa Clara company to stop engineers and executives for product feedback in the early 1990s. At one point, Intel comprised around 70% to 80% of Ibiden’s revenue from chip package substrates. That fell to around 30% in the fiscal year ended March as the US chipmaker struggled to execute a turnaround that recently saw the ousting of CEO Pat Gelsinger.

Reliance on Intel has hurt Ibiden’s stock, down around 40% this year. In October, Ibiden revised down its profit outlook after sluggish demand for components used in general purpose servers outweighed AI server-related growth. But while noting it was important to expand business with chipmakers other than Intel, Mr. Kawashima said he was confident Intel will bounce back.

“Intel’s overall technology is very sophisticated,” the 61-year-old said. “Intel raised us up and opened so many doors. Our relationship with Intel will always be our treasure, and Intel will forever be an important customer.”

With many foreign chipmakers unwilling to transfer their latest technology to the US, Intel is likely to play a key role in Washington’s goal to boost cutting-edge semiconductor production capabilities at home, Mr. Kawashima said. Ibiden itself has no manufacturing facilities in the US. It has no plans to build any due to the cost of labor and logistics, Mr. Kawashima said, irrespective of US president-elect Donald J. Trump’s plans to impose tariffs on a wide range of products.

All of Nvidia’s AI semiconductors now use Ibiden’s substrates, although Taiwanese rivals such as Unimicron Technology Corp. are eyeing the field. But it won’t be easy to break Ibiden’s position as dominant supplier, according to Toyo Securities analyst Hideki Yasuda.

“Nvidia’s AI chips need sophisticated substrates, and Ibiden is the only one that can mass produce them at a good production yield,” he said. “Taiwanese competitors won’t be able to take Ibiden’s share away by much.”

AI semiconductors earn more than 15% of Ibiden’s sales of around ¥370 billion ($2.3 billion), with that percentage expected to rise further. Nvidia’s said it’s begun full production of its next-generation Blackwell chips after encountering some initial technical challenges.

Over the long term, Nvidia may face growing competition from application-specific chips by Marvell Technology, Inc. and Broadcom, Inc. as well as in-house silicon from Alphabet, Inc.’s Google and Microsoft Corp. In theory, Ibiden should be able to accommodate them all, as AI chip package design and material will likely remain similar to Nvidia’s, according to Mr. Kawashima. Bloomberg

Most Asian FX subdued; South Korean markets slide on deepening political woes

Currency dealers stand in front of electronic boards showing the Korean Composite Stock Price Index (KOSPI) and the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and South Korean won at a dealing room of a bank, in Seoul, South Korea, Dec. 9, 2024. — REUTERS

Most Asian currencies were muted on Monday, weighed down by high U.S. Treasury yields and a firm dollar while the South Korean markets reversed course to trade slightly lower after last week’s parliament vote to impeach acting President Han Duck-soo.

Most equities in Asia traded in a tight range while shares in Malaysia and Singapore climbed 0.4% and 0.3%, respectively.

The South Korean won slipped 0.1% after rising as much as 0.3% earlier in the session while equities skidded 0.2% after rising up to 1%.

Following the impeachment of Han on Friday, South Korean investigators sought an arrest warrant for suspended President Yoon Suk Yeol on Monday over this month’s short-lived imposition of martial law.

“The political uncertainties and faster rate cut pace should keep the won on the back foot in the coming months,” said Ken Cheung, chief Asia FX strategist at Mizuho Bank.

The won is the worst performing currency in emerging Asia so far this year, having lost more than 12% weighed down by political tensions in the country and economic woes, coupled with fears of U.S. tariffs.

Most other Asian currencies were largely unchanged amid pressure from high U.S. Treasury yields at near eight-month highs and a firm dollar at a multimonth peak.

Mizuho Bank’s Cheung expects persistent dollar strength to weigh on Asian currencies in the first half of 2025. However, U.S. economy’s cyclical softening and tariffs relief could lead to rebounds in Asian currencies, he added.

“The tariff threats are likely to materialize but the implementation may come in lower than expected,” Cheung said.

In Asia, the Indonesian rupiah rose 0.5% but was not far from the more than 4-month low touched on Dec. 19 after the U.S. Federal Reserve adopted a hawkish stance at its policy meeting.

The Thai baht climbed 0.1% after rising as much as 0.4% earlier in the session while equities rose 0.4%.

The strength in the baht “could be driven by a rebound in gold prices and somewhat sideways movement in the U.S. dollar,” said Poon Panichpibool, a markets strategist at Krung Thai Bank.

“There could be some positions adjustment especially for those with net short THB positions after THB could rise beyond the 34.00 support zone.”

Markets are now awaiting Singapore’s GDP data for the fourth quarter and inflation reports from Indonesia and South Korea later this week. — Reuters

Dollar reigns with support of higher yields

A trader shows U.S. dollar notes at a currency exchange booth in Peshawar, Pakistan. — REUTERS

SINGAPORE — The Japanese yen traded around five-month lows on Monday against a dollar underpinned by rising U.S. yields as thin year-end liquidity kept most currencies in tight ranges.

The yen was changing hands at 157.82 with only the risk of Japanese intervention preventing another test of the 160 level last seen in July.

The dollar index measure against major rivals was flat at 107.99.

The euro stood at $1.0429, not far from recent troughs and in a holding pattern in holiday trading. The currency is heading for a calendar-year drop of roughly 5.5% on the dollar.

Rising U.S. Treasury yields have been a tailwind for the dollar, with the benchmark 10-year note US10YT=RR hitting a more than seven-month high last week. The yield hovered close to that mark on Monday, at 4.625%.

“Despite paid forecasters almost universally calling for a weaker U.S. dollar in 2024, the greenback looks set to close the year higher against all major currencies with the buck reigning supreme,” said Chris Weston, head of research at Australian online broker Pepperstone.

For the month, the dollar index is up 2.3%, bringing year-to-date gains to 6.6%.

It has gained in each of the last three months, helped by expectations President-elect Donald Trump’s policies of looser regulation, tax cuts, tariff hikes and tighter immigration will be both pro-growth and inflationary and keep U.S. yields elevated.

The dollar has gained 10 yen since Dec. 3, with much of the decline in the Japanese currency coming after the Federal Reserve’s Dec. 18 message of caution around future rate cuts.

That view has weighed heavily on the yen, which hit its weakest level since July 17 last week at 158.09 per dollar and has shed 10.6% so far this year.

It came off those lows on Friday after a summary of opinions from the Bank of Japan’s December policy meeting showed some policymakers gaining confidence in an imminent rate increase, while the Japanese central bank also cut its monthly bond purchases.

Still, Japanese yields remain notably low, and recent comments have sown doubts about the BOJ’s commitment to lift rates. The BOJ held interest rates steady at 0.25% at this month’s meeting, and governor Kazuo Ueda said the central bank was scrutinising more data on next year’s wage momentum and clarity on the incoming U.S. administration’s economic policies.

A Reuters poll taken earlier this month showed the BOJ could raise rates to 0.50% by end-March, and interest rates markets are pricing in only a 42% chance of a rate rise in January.

Traders are on watch for any potential intervention by Japanese officials to shore up the currency if it continues to weaken, as they have done multiple times this year.

Japan Finance Minister Katsunobu Kato on Friday reiterated concerns over a sliding yen, repeating his warning to take action against excessive currency moves.

Pepperstone’s Weston said dollar buyers continued to dominate trading in the dollar-yen pair.

“It rarely sits well buying into any market pushing new run highs, but in my view, any upside break of 158.00 is good for chasing – although yen shorts do run the increasing risk of credible MOF yen jawboning and possible intervention,” Weston wrote in a note to clients.

Barring the yen, currency moves in major markets were tepid last week. The yen fell 0.9%, the euro shed 0.2% and sterling rose 0.1% while the dollar index climbed 0.2%.

The next interest rate cut by the European Central Bank could be longer in coming after a recent uptick in inflation, ECB Governing Council member Robert Holzmann was quoted as saying on Saturday.

Leading cryptocurrency bitcoin too was sluggish around $93,052, and is down about 4% on the month after retreating from a record high of $108,379.28 hit on Dec. 17. It has surged about 115% so far this year. — Reuters

From peanut farmer to president: Jimmy Carter passes away at 100

BLOOMBERG

JIMMY CARTER, the former Georgia peanut farmer who as US president brokered a historic and lasting peace accord between Israel and Egypt in a single term marred by soaring inflation, an oil shortage and Iran’s holding of American hostages, has died. He was 100.

Mr. Carter died on Sunday at his home in Plains, Georgia, surrounded by his family, the Carter Center said on Sunday in a statement. Public observances are planned in Atlanta and Washington, followed by a private interment in Plains.

The longest-living former US president ever, Mr. Carter had opted in early 2023 to spend his remaining time at his home in Plains receiving hospice care. He was there alongside Rosalynn, his wife of 77 years, when she died in November 2023 at age 96. And he lived long enough to fulfill a final wish — to cast a ballot for Kamala Harris in the 2024 presidential election.

A Democrat who rose from running his family’s peanut-farming and seed-supply businesses to serving as Georgia governor, Mr. Carter won the White House in 1976 over incumbent Gerald Ford by promising to bring honesty to an office tainted two years earlier by the resignation of Richard Nixon in the culmination of the Watergate scandal.

Ascetic, humble and deeply religious, Mr. Carter was skeptical of the pomp surrounding the presidency and came to Washington with fewer allies and fixed positions than most who hold the job.

His allegiance to an inner moral compass, his vow to support societies that “share with us an abiding respect for individual human rights” and his tendency to speak his mind collided at times with political realities during his four years in office, from 1977 to 1981, and served as a preview of what was to come in a service-filled post-presidency that lasted decades.

Mr. Carter “assembled a new front line on nearly every issue, with no inherited party game plan or ideological playbook to fall back on,” Jonathan Alter wrote in a 2020 biography that painted him as often right in his instincts but flawed in executing government responses. The book was among several in recent years that offered a revised and sunnier view of Mr. Carter’s crisis-plagued tenure.

Though Mr. Carter “left the White House a widely unpopular president,” his achievements “shine brighter over time, few more than his unique determination to put human rights at the forefront of his foreign policy from the start of his presidency,” his chief domestic policy adviser, Stuart Eizenstat, wrote in a 2018 biography of his former boss.

STATE FUNERAL
In a statement on Sunday, President Joseph R. Biden eulogized Mr. Carter as “an extraordinary leader, statesman and humanitarian” who touched the lives of people around the world with “his compassion and moral clarity.” Biden said he’ll be ordering a state funeral for Mr. Carter in Washington.

President-elect Donald J. Trump, who often brought up Mr. Carter’s presidency during this year’s election campaign to needle Mr. Biden, said Mr. Carter faced challenges at a pivotal time in US history. He “did everything in his power to improve the lives of all Americans,” Mr. Trump said on his Truth Social platform. “For that, we all owe him a debt of gratitude.”

The signature achievement of the Carter presidency, the Camp David Accords between Israel and Egypt, led to peaceful co-existence between the Middle East neighbors even as it fell short of resolving the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians.

That and other foreign policy breakthroughs, including a treaty granting Panama ownership of the US-built Panama Canal, were overshadowed by the plight of American hostages held in Iran during the last 444 days of his presidency. They were finally released the day Mr. Carter turned over the Oval Office to Republican Ronald Reagan.

On the domestic front, the Mr. Carter presidency was dogged by economic woes. Inflation reached 13.3% at the end of 1979 compared with 5.2% when he took office in January 1977. The Federal Reserve’s actions to stem price increases pushed home-mortgage rates to almost 15%, and Mr. Carter had to take emergency action to stem a slide in the dollar. There were energy shortages, and oil prices more than doubled.

MALAISE SPEECH
A speech to the nation on July 15, 1979, became emblematic of Mr. Carter’s presidency.

With fuel prices skyrocketing and lines at gas stations lengthening, Mr. Carter told Americans that solving the energy mess “can also help us to conquer the crisis of the spirit in our country.” He said many Americans “now tend to worship self-indulgence and consumption.”

Though Mr. Carter never uttered the word, the address became known as the “malaise” speech and contributed to a sense that Mr. Carter was powerless to change the nation’s course.

“Our memory of the speech comes from those who reworked it, who twisted its words into a blunt instrument that helped them depose a president,” historian Kevin Mattson wrote.

Mr. Carter’s words, he noted, “received immediate applause and yet wound up ensuring his defeat” to Mr. Reagan in the 1980 election.

Just weeks after delivering the speech, Mr. Carter tapped Paul Volcker, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, to take over as chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing G. William Miller, who became Treasury secretary. Mr. Volcker made it clear to Mr. Carter that he would deal head-on with inflation by pursuing tighter monetary policies than Mr. Miller. Mr. Volcker’s policies — which sent interest rates as high as 20% — came at a high price, the fallout contributing to Mr. Reagan’s landslide victory over Mr. Carter in the 1980 election.

Though some of Mr. Volcker’s policies “were politically costly, they were the right thing to do,” Mr. Carter commented upon Mr. Volcker’s death in 2019.

NOBEL PRIZE
Mr. Carter made some of his biggest imprints on the world in the years after he left the White House. He “reinvented the post-presidency,” observed Julian Zelizer, a professor of history at Princeton University and a Carter biographer.

In four-plus decades as an ex-president — the longest such tenure in American history — Mr. Carter waged a worldwide campaign against war, disease and the suppression of human rights through the Atlanta-based Carter Center, which he founded with his wife. The center made particular strides against Guinea worm disease, a parasite spread through contaminated water that can render victims non-functional for months. Worldwide cases dropped to just 14 in 2023 from an estimated 3.5 million in 1986, according to the center.

Mr. Carter was awarded the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize for “decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development.”

His post-presidential causes were not without backlash. Fourteen advisers to the Carter Center resigned in protest of his best-selling 2007 book, Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid, which compared Israel to the White governments of South Africa that systematically oppressed Black citizens.

Mr. Carter’s longevity defied the odds. He revealed in 2015 that he had melanoma, a type of cancer, and that it had spread to his brain. He received treatment, recovered and on March 22, 2019, became the longest-living chief executive in US history. In 2021, Jimmy and Rosalynn Mr. Carter celebrated their 75th wedding anniversary.

His Christian faith, he said, made him “absolutely and completely at ease with death.” 

PEANUT FARM
James Earl Carter Jr. was born on Oct. 1, 1924, in Plains, Georgia, the first of four children born to Earl Carter, a farmer, and the former Lillian Gordy, a nurse. He grew up in the nearby hamlet of Archery, where the family owned a peanut farm and a general store. He traveled two miles each day to Plains to attend an all-White school.

Electricity and indoor plumbing didn’t reach the Carter farm until 1935.

Mr. Carter attended the US Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, from 1943 to his graduation in 1946. He began dating a girl from Plains, Rosalynn Smith, when home on breaks. They married in July 1946 and would have four children — sons Jack, Chip and Jeff, and daughter Amy.

While serving in the Navy for seven years, Mr. Carter worked on the development of the nuclear submarine program and rose to the rank of lieutenant. When his father died in 1953, Mr. Carter resigned his commission to return to his family’s peanut-farming business.

In 1962, he was elected to the Georgia Senate and in 1970 was elected governor, having lost his first bid in 1966. His work to end racial discrimination in the state made him a symbol of the “New South.”

At the start of his campaign for the presidency, Mr. Carter was not widely known outside of Georgia and was viewed by analysts as a long shot for the Democratic nomination. He began traveling the country before many other candidates had started their campaigns, pitching his outsider status to voters who had endured the revelations of Watergate and Nixon’s resignation.

Mr. Carter emphasized his religious upbringing — he was a Southern Baptist who often described himself as a “born again” Christian — and promised the American people that he would never lie to them. He won the New Hampshire primary, proving his viability in the North, and defeated Alabama Governor George Wallace in Florida to establish himself as the strongest candidate in the South, on the way to clinching the Democratic nomination.

With Minnesota Democrat Walter Mondale as his running mate, Mr. Carter narrowly beat Mr. Ford, with 50.1% of the vote, and was sworn into office in January 1977 as the 39th US president. Starting what has become a tradition for new presidents, he stepped out of his limousine during the inauguration parade and walked down Washington’s Pennsylvania Avenue to the White House.

BILLY BREW
Mr. Carter’s family included colorful characters such as his sister Ruth, a faith healer, and brother Billy, a gas station operator whose enjoyment of drinking led to the creation of the short-lived Billy Beer brand during his brother’s presidency.

The president’s mother also grabbed media attention. A nurse who tended to Black and White families in the segregated South, she joined the Peace Corps at age 68 and always had a ready quip for the press.

“When I look at my children,” she once cracked, “I say, ‘Lillian, you should have stayed a virgin.’”

As president, Mr. Carter signed legislation creating the cabinet-level Department of Education. He appointed women, Black people and Hispanic people to federal posts in large numbers. He stunned the defense contracting industry by killing the Air Force’s expensive B-1 bomber project, a step later reversed by Mr. Reagan. He signed the law that created the federal Superfund program to clean up hazardous waste sites.

Mr. Carter won praise after his presidency for the steps he had taken toward deregulation, particularly of the airline industry, where the removal of government control of fares and routes promoted competition.

One of his longest battles with Congress involved his proposal to scrap 18 dam and irrigation projects, most of them in the West and South. His “hit list” pleased many environmentalists while angering Westerners, including some fellow Democrats. Congress restored funding for most of the projects.

From his presidency’s earliest days, Mr. Carter sought to highlight and utilize energy shortages to raise support for his domestic agenda. The cabinet-level Department of Energy was created in his administration’s first year, and he had solar panels installed on the roof of the White House. In a televised address to the nation two weeks into his term, Mr. Carter called for a new emphasis on conservation, mirroring the White House’s own push for frugality.

At Camp David, the presidential retreat in Maryland, Mr. Carter guided Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin to the 1978 accord that led the next year to the first peace treaty between Israel and an Arab country. The treaty committed Israel to remove its troops and civilian settlements from the Sinai Peninsula and led to billions of dollars in US aid to Israel and Egypt.

The Camp David breakthrough didn’t lead to a broader Mideast peace, however, and Mr. Carter through the years didn’t hide his disappointment. In Palestine: Peace, Not Apartheid, he focused on Israel’s occupation of Arab land as the root cause of continued hostilities.

In a 2010 book based on his White House diaries, Mr. Carter said the US had “defaulted in carrying out one unchallenged and unique responsibility: mediating a peace agreement between Israel and its neighbors.”

OLYMPICS BOYCOTT
In response to the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan in December 1979, Mr. Carter imposed a trade embargo and organized the boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympic Games in Moscow. Rosalynn Carter said she tried and failed to persuade her husband to wait until after the Iowa presidential caucuses of 1980 to impose the embargo, which hurt US farmers.

“I am much more political than Jimmy and was more concerned about popularity and winning reelection,” Rosalynn wrote in her 1984 memoir, “but I have to say that he had the courage to tackle the important issues, no matter how controversial — or politically damaging — they might be.”

The biggest external crisis of his presidency was precipitated by the Islamic Revolution in Iran that overthrew the shah and installed a theocratic government headed by formerly exiled cleric Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.

On Nov. 4, 1979, radical students overran the US Embassy in Tehran and took more than 60 Americans hostage. Fifty-two of them were held for the last 444 days of Mr. Carter’s term.

In April 1980, Mr. Carter gave the go-ahead for a military assault on the embassy to rescue the hostages. Of the eight helicopters from the USS Nimitz that headed to a desert staging area, from which the raid on Tehran was to commence, three had problems. The mission was aborted, and during preparations for retreat, a helicopter flew into a C-130 transport plane and exploded. Eight American servicemen died.

Stymied by crisis on the domestic and foreign fronts, Mr. Carter lost his bid for reelection in a landslide, with Mr. Reagan winning 44 states. The hostages were released on Jan. 20, 1981, the day Mr. Reagan was sworn into office.

ONE MORE HELICOPTER
“Over the years, in various classrooms and public forums, I have often been asked if there was one substantive action or decision I made as president that I would have changed,” Mr. Carter wrote in White House Diary. “Somewhat facetiously, I have answered, ‘I would have sent one more helicopter to ensure the success of the hostage rescue effort in April 1980.’ But I truly believe that if I had done so, I would have been reelected.”

The Carters returned to Plains after leaving the White House, and Mr. Carter taught scripture at the Maranatha Baptist Church as recently as 2020.

In his brimming post-presidency, Mr. Carter helped arrange peace talks between North and South Korea and a cease-fire in Bosnia. Through the Carter Center, he helped monitor elections around the world to help ensure that they were fair. He traveled to Haiti in 1994 to negotiate the restoration of constitutional government, averting a threatened US-led invasion.

Accepting his Nobel Peace Prize in 2002, as the US under President George W. Bush was preparing to invade Iraq, Mr. Carter made his disapproval clear. “For powerful countries to adopt a principle of preventive war may well set an example that can have catastrophic consequences,” he said.

Mr. Carter attended Mr. Trump’s inauguration in 2017, the sixth and final presidential swearing-in he witnessed after leaving office. Days earlier, he had told congregants at his hometown church that of 22 voters in his family, none had voted for Mr. Trump. But he had been the first former president to accept an invitation to the inauguration, determined to show support for the new US leader.

Mr. Trump “has never been involved in politics before,” Carter explained, according to an account by Voice of America. “He has a lot to learn. He’ll learn — sometimes the hard way, like I did.” — Bloomberg

Korea plane crash probe to focus on bird strike, landing gear failure

RESCUE WORKERS at the crash site at Muan International Airport on Dec. 29, 2024. — BLOOMBERG

INVESTIGATORS probing the cause of the worst civil aviation accident ever in South Korea will focus on a bird strike and the unusual landing-gear failure in the final moments of the fateful flight that left all but two of the 181 occupants of the Boeing Co. 737 jet dead.

The 737-800 aircraft operated by Jeju Air Co. crashed at Muan International Airport on Sunday morning, skidding along the runway on its belly before smashing into a wall, where it exploded into a ball of fire. Only a pair of flight attendants survived.

While the aircraft was almost entirely destroyed, investigators will have valuable data to work with as they reconstruct the event. One vital key will be a readout of the two flight recorders, which were already pulled from the wreckage, though one device is damaged and may need longer to analyze.

Then there’s footage showing the aircraft during approach with one engine apparently flaming out, alongside videos of the plane coming into the airport and sliding along the runway at high speed, appearing largely intact, before the impact with the embankment.

In another incident on Monday, a Jeju Air plane returned safely to South Korea’s Gimpo Airport after it was found to have a problem with the landing gear immediately after takeoff, Yonhap News reported. South Korean authorities will launch a special inspection into all of the 101 Boeing 737-800 planes operating in the country, while asking Boeing and the maker of the engine to join the investigation.

They will also probe other factors, such as whether the airliner’s personnel followed safety manuals properly, the airport’s measures to prevent bird strikes and if the plane’s power system was shut down before the crash, transport ministry officials said at a briefing Monday.

They will also look into whether the so-called localizer, an instrument set to guide the landing of the plane, had any relevance to the crash.

Shares of Jeju Air declined as much as 16% to a record low in Seoul trading on Monday, while parent AK Holdings, Inc. fell 12%.

The accident poses several unusual mysteries, and investigators have said it’s too soon to speculate what may have caused the crash. Mid-air bird strikes are rare but not entirely uncommon and seldom deadly because aircraft can operate on one engine for some time. Why the landing gear didn’t deploy also remains unclear, or indeed if there’s a link between that malfunction and the bird strike that was discussed between the cockpit and control tower just before the landing.

The pilot, considered an experienced captain with close to 7,000 hours of active duty, issued a mayday emergency call minutes after the control tower warned of a bird strike. He aborted his first landing, started a go-around and switched direction on the runway in his second attempt. The control tower granted clearance to land in the opposite direction, and officials said it’s unlikely that the runway length caused the crash.

The pilot didn’t seem to have sufficient time to try alternative measures such as dumping fuel, a transport ministry official said at Monday’s briefing.

The Boeing 737 involved in the crash is a predecessor to the latest Max variant. It’s considered a reliable workhorse that passed routine maintenance checks, in a country with deep expertise for aircraft servicing. Around the world, there are more than 4,000 planes of this type in service.

Even if one of the black boxes was damaged in the crash, the data storage units can often be reconstructed to aid the investigation. The fortified devices contain vital statistics and performance metrics of a flight, as well as taped conversations and sounds from the cockpit.

Muan’s control tower warned of the risk of a bird strike at 8:57 a.m. local time, about two minutes before the pilot declared an emergency, officials said. The airport had four staffers working to prevent bird strikes at the time of the crash, including one outside the tower.

Birds are an aviation hazard because they can be ingested into the turbine or damage other parts of the plane and cause engine failure. In 2009, an Airbus A320 landed in the Hudson River in New York after a bird strike damaged both engines, in what has become known as the “Miracle on the Hudson” because everyone on board survived.

Jeju Air’s 15-year-old plane, registered HL8088, entered service with the carrier in 2017. It was initially delivered in 2009 to Irish discount airline Ryanair Holdings Plc, according to the Planespotters.net database. The jet was configured to seat as many as 189 passengers. Founded in 2005, Jeju Air operates 42 aircraft, according to its website.

There was no sign of malfunction during regular maintenance checks, Jeju Air Chief Executive Officer Kim E-Bae said at a news briefing. The jet was returning from Bangkok — a 4 1/2 hour flight. The plane, which YTN said had been chartered by a local travel agency for a Christmas holiday trip, earlier left Muan for the Thai capital on Saturday evening.

Muan is a small regional airport located in the country’s south that opened in 2007. It was built to help connect cities including Gwangju and Mokpo and increased its regular service of international flights this year, including those of Jeju Air.

The two surviving flight attendants were taken to the hospital, and one of the two survivors is in the intensive care unit with a thoracic spine fracture, the doctor at the hospital said in a press briefing.

Boeing said it’s in contact with Jeju Air and ready to offer support. Aircraft manufacturers typically send specialists to crash sites to aid an investigation. Recovery of the victims, some of whom were ejected from the aircraft after the impact, has been completed and salvage crews are now searching the wreckage for passengers’ belongings, Yonhap said.

More than 1,500 people including police, military, coast guard and local government personnel are assisting at the crash site, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport said. The airport’s runway will remain closed in the coming days.

The accident is the deadliest passenger airline disaster in South Korea, surpassing an Air China plane crash near Busan in 2002 that killed 129 people, according to the Aviation Safety Network. The crash is also among the worst globally this decade.

South Korea is currently experiencing a deepening political crisis after its president provoked public outrage by briefly imposing martial law earlier this month. Acting President Choi Sang-mok declared a week of mourning.

The crash is the second major air disaster in less than a week. An incident in Russian airspace led to the crash of an Azerbaijan Airlines passenger aircraft on Dec. 25, killing dozens.

After a year of not a single fatal accident among the 37 million commercial aircraft movements in 2023, this year has seen a rising number of cases. Early in January, an approaching Japan Airlines Co. Airbus A350 crashed into a small plane on a runway in Tokyo, killing five occupants in the stationary aircraft.

A few days later, a door plug blew out of an airborne Boeing 737 Max 9 flying in the US. Though nobody was killed in that accident, the episode threw the US planemaker into deep crisis because it exposed sloppy workmanship at the company.

In August, a smaller ATR turboprop plane operated by Brazil’s VoePass crashed near Sao Paulo’s Guarulhos International Airport, killing 58 passengers and four crew members. — Bloomberg