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Letting go

STOCK PHOTO | Image from Freepik

In love and war, timing is everything.

The wise general knows when to fight and when to retreat. There are times when he must lose a battle to win the war. Strategic retreat does not signify total surrender or defeat. It gives the leader and his troops valuable time for tactical planning and the arrival of reinforcements to succeed in the final confrontation.

Struggles for supremacy occur on all levels of life for many reasons — institutional, political, professional, and personal. Power, ego, prestige, recognition, money, and love are the sensitive areas of competition.

The corporate battlefield is the scene of many interesting, intriguing encounters. The titans, known to be ruthless masters of strategy, plan and execute their attacks with cold-blooded cunning. Corporate raiders take calculated risks and strike when logistical conditions are favorable.

During a skirmish, a pragmatic leader is realistic enough to know when to continue fighting and when to cut his losses and concede. Thus, he can conserve vital resources for other clashes for victory.

The desire to be number one, first among equals, is a compelling force. It inspires people to strive for excellence. Colleagues compete for recognition in the industry. Peers fight for promotions within the corporation. It is usually a straightforward battle. Sometimes, there are crosscurrents and undercurrents. It depends on the industry.

Senior executives aspire for the ultimate trophy position — the CEO or COO post.

The climb to the top is a long arduous process, a lifetime goal. Unless, by a sudden twist of fate, and luck, one is catapulted to a position of power and fame.

History has proven that power is seductive, heady, and addictive. Once attained, it is not easy to relinquish. Even when it is time to do so.

Over the years, the news reported stories about defeated individuals who stubbornly refuse to accept reality. In companies, some officers who were once important but are no longer useful are “kicked upstairs” — with titles but no work, no staff. The hint is so strong that one cannot miss the message — “Quit.”

There are delusion-filled officials whose terms have expired but who absurdly cling, physically and emotionally, to their appointive posts. They look for ways to stay, pull strings, and maximize their political connections. There are some self-styled messiahs with “missions” to save the country or the world. But they are not aware that they are passé and irrelevant.

In relationships, the balance of power is a tenuous one. The early stages bring bliss for the lovers who are unconcerned about who makes decisions and who leads the way.

Time passes and reality sets in.

When friction erupts, the faults crack the polished, perfect façade. The ups and downs get worse. Eventually, it becomes too difficult or toxic to stay together. In many cases, a third party appears to exacerbate the tension and alienate the couple. As one lover breaks away to declare his/her independence, the rejected one has two options — to hang on or to let go.

Out of desperation, the emotionally vulnerable one clings, forgets pride, and loses his/her dignity and self-respect.

Perhaps, one can surmise that there are underlying reasons other than the professed principles or dramatic attempts at martyrdom.

Staying in a hopeless situation, fighting for a lost cause, and clinging to the past should have reasonable time limits and boundaries. Taken to excess, they reveal serious character flaws. These are some signs of a grandiosely inflated, fragile ego.

Knowing when to wield power and fight to win a war requires wisdom, vision, strength, and cunning.

Knowing when to let go requires inner grace, a strong sense of what is right and appropriate, courage, equanimity, and a lot of class.

 

Maria Victoria Rufino is an artist, writer and businesswoman. She is president and executive producer of Maverick Productions.

mavrufino@gmail.com

Building the future with APIs

Ever since Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, which owns ChatGPT, said “API is the secret sauce for every innovator,” APIs have felt like the hidden engines behind all the cool tech we use today. That phrase stuck with me. It’s simple and true. APIs — application programming interfaces — let different software pieces talk to each other. They’re like a waiter at a restaurant, taking your order, passing it to the kitchen, and bringing back your meal. In tech terms, that meal could be data, functionality, or a service like chatbots, maps, payments…everything.

APIs have been around for a while, but they’re now only getting the spotlight that AI has hogged. Artificial intelligence is shiny, dramatic, and noisy. It’s chatbots, image generators, and autonomous cars. Everyone wants to talk about AI. But I see something quieter and equally important. APIs are the plumbing that makes AI work in the real world. Without them, AI stays in labs and demos.

People often mistake APIs for a tech buzzword. That’s because they’re invisible. They don’t wow with flashy tricks. You don’t hold an API in your hand or see a cool logo, but businesses live and die by them. You want to accept payments online? You use a payment API. You need weather data in your app? There’s a weather API. You want to add AI-powered summaries to your blog? Yep, you guessed it: API.

What makes APIs future-proof is flexibility. When I build something, I don’t need to reinvent the wheel. I can plug in to existing APIs to add features instantly. It’s like building a house from pre-fabricated rooms. You combine what’s already working. It’s efficient. It’s smart. And developers love it because they get to focus on what makes their idea unique, not rebuilding routine parts.

The “secret sauce” phrase Altman used shines because AI depends on APIs, too. AI models are big and complex. You don’t download them to your phone — you call them through an API. Each prompt you send is a request. You hear a response. Behind the scenes, that API is doing a ton of magic. And every time, that magic gets better — like more accurate answers — every service using the API also gets better. Altman explained this in London: improving one central model lifts “the whole world of products and services” built on that API.

But there’s more. APIs don’t just feed data. They allow different services to build ecosystems. Look at ride-hailing apps: they rely on map APIs, messaging APIs, payment APIs, even AI APIs for route suggestions. Each one is like a Lego block, and together they build something powerful. If one block improves, the whole thing gets better. That kind of composite value makes APIs a cornerstone of modern innovation.

However, APIs aren’t a cure-all. They need proper care. If APIs change unexpectedly, your app breaks. If the service stops existing, your feature disappears. If pricing goes up, your costs go up. Companies using APIs need contract clarity — what happens if the API changes? They need monitoring so they catch errors fast. And they still need backup plans. No matter how great the API, you can’t build everything on air.

But the benefits often outweigh the risks. APIs speed things up. They reduce costs. They foster collaboration because teams, even companies, can plug into each other instead of working in silos. That collaboration drives innovation faster than anyone working alone.

I see APIs shifting business strategies, too. Before, tech parks used to focus on building big, global products. Now, local developers use APIs to launch small, targeted tools for their community, like local events apps, neighborhood marketplaces, or hyperlocal news bots powered by AI APIs. That’s a healthy shift. Innovation is spreading.

APIs also force more modular thinking. When you design systems around APIs, you think: “This component does this. That component does that.” It’s a clean way to build. It creates accountability too. If something goes wrong, you know exactly where to look. Modular systems are easier to maintain, upgrade, or replace piece by piece. APIs encourage that mindset.

I talked with a startup founder recently. They wanted to use AI to analyze customer reviews and generate insights. I asked if they had clean data and a workflow to gather reviews. They didn’t. They wanted AI first. I told them that AI needs structure. You can’t just pour data in — you need APIs to collect, clean, and format data, then feed it into AI. Otherwise, the output will be messy. APIs are the foundation beneath shiny tools.

Politically, APIs allow smaller players to compete with big tech. You don’t need a giant team or billions in investment. You need the right API for the right problem. Governments are even opening APIs for public data — transport, health stats, weather. It means civic and social innovation can happen fast, even without massive budgets.

Creative industries benefit too. Media, art, music apps can tap into APIs for recommendations, editing, translation, or even AI content generation. A photographer can add AI-powered color grading to an app with a couple of API calls. A musician can analyze chord progressions. It’s democratizing tools that used to be behind paywalls or big budgets.

So when Altman called APIs the secret sauce, he didn’t mean tech jargon. He meant APIs unlock innovation. They let builders focus on creativity. They link tools together. They make every improvement useful for everyone.

I know people are excited about AI — and rightly so. But AI alone isn’t futureproof. The real future is AI served through stable, accessible APIs. That’s how innovation scales. That’s how startups grow. That’s how companies build smarter services without starting from zero.

APIs are quiet, but powerful. They’re the nuts, bolts, and wiring of the digital world. With APIs, today’s startup can stand on the shoulders of giants. Tomorrow, a new giant might stand on today’s startup. That cycle is what Altman sees — and what is changing how we build everything. APIs are the force multiplier. They’re not just interfaces — they’re the infrastructure of the next tech wave. And that’s why they’re the future.

The views expressed herein are his own and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of his office as well as FINEX.

 

Reynaldo C. Lugtu, Jr.  is the founder and CEO of Hungry Workhorse, a digital, culture, and customer experience transformation consulting firm. He is a fellow at the US-based Institute for Digital Transformation. He teaches strategic management and digital transformation in the MBA Program of De La Salle University. The author may be e-mailed at rey.lugtu@hungryworkhorse.com

World Giving Report: Philippines 24th Most Generous Country

A HIGH percentage of Filipinos donated money to good causes in 2024, making the Philippines the 24th most generous country worldwide, the new World Giving Report by the Charities Aid Foundation (CAF) showed. Read the full story.

World Giving Report: Philippines 24<sup>th</sup> Most Generous Country

Supreme Court: GIS not sufficient proof of shareholding

BW FILE PHOTO

THE SUPREME COURT (SC) ruled that inclusion in a corporation’s general information sheet (GIS) is not sufficient proof of shareholding, noting that the stock and transfer book is the official and primary record for determining a corporation’s shareholders.

“It is established in jurisprudence that the mere inclusion as [a] shareholder in the GIS of a corporation is by itself insufficient proof that such [a] person is a shareholder,” the 17-page ruling penned by Justice Ramon Paul L. Hernando read. “Between the stock and transfer book and the GIS, the former is controlling.”

The ruling, promulgated on April 21 but released only on Thursday, also emphasized that stock ownership must be proven through a stock certificate issued in the individual’s name.

It cited Section 62 of the Revised Corporation Code, which states that a transfer of shares is invalid, except between the parties, until it is properly recorded in the company’s books.

The case arose from special stockholders’ meetings convened by two companies to elect new members to their boards.

Two individuals attempted to participate by sending proxies, but the companies refused to recognize them, asserting that the individuals they represented were not registered stockholders. The meetings continued as scheduled, resulting in the election of new directors.

The individuals challenged the board elections before the Regional Trial Court (RTC), arguing that their exclusion rendered the proceedings invalid due to the absence of a quorum.

The RTC ruled in their favor, citing the GIS as sufficient evidence of their status as stockholders.

However, the Court of Appeals overturned the RTC’s ruling, noting that the individuals’ names were not listed in the companies’ stock and transfer books.

The SC initially affirmed the RTC’s decision, considering the GIS and witness testimonies as adequate proof of stockholder status. But upon the filing of a motion for reconsideration, the High Court revisited the case and ultimately reversed its earlier ruling.

In this case, the individuals failed to provide sufficient evidence to dispute the entries in the stock and transfer books. As a result, they were not recognized as stockholders of record, and their exclusion from the meetings had no bearing on the quorum or the validity of the board elections.

In a dissenting opinion, Associate Justice Ricardo R. Rosario agreed that stock certificates and stock and transfer books hold greater evidentiary weight than the GIS. However, he said that these records are not definitive or absolute proof of stock ownership. — Chloe Mari A. Hufana

Stuff to Do (08/01/25)


Watch a documentary on the zarzuela

CATCH a screening of the documentary Tiempo de Zarzuela by Cristina Otero Roth on Aug. 1, 3 p.m., at the Intramuros branch of Instituto Cervantes. This is part of a month-long cultural program highlighting the shared legacy of zarzuela in the Philippines, presented by the Instituto Cervantes, the Embassy of Spain, and the University of Santo Tomas (UST). From Aug. 1 to 28, the cultural celebration, entitled Zarzuela Viva, will feature weekly zarzuela screenings, a zarzuela workshop, and a zarzuela recital. To be screened on Aug. 7, 3 p.m., at the Intramuros branch of Instituto Cervantes is a production by Teatro de la Zarzuela of the classic La del manojo de rosas by Pablo Sorozábal. This will be followed by a screening of Alfredo Sanzol’s production of El barberillo de Lavapiés by Francisco Asenjo Barbieri, on Aug. 14, and a screening of El sobre verde by Jacinto Guerrero on Aug. 28. These last two screenings will take place at 3 p.m. at the Central Laboratory Auditorium of the University of Santo Tomas. From Aug. 18 to 22, a four-day Zarzuela Workshop will be conducted by Spanish pianist Ramón Grau from Teatro de La Zarzuela in Madrid, at the Conservatory of Music of UST. On Aug. 26, the zarzuela workshop participants and Mr. Grau will present a concert, Zarzuela-Sarswela, at the Education Auditorium, UST. This event is open to public, but they should register early through this link: https://forms.office.com/e/gqQYWUHzSb. For more information about Zarzuela Viva, visit Instituto Cervantes’ website at www.manila.cervantes.es, or follow it on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/InstitutoCervantesManila/.


Learn some history at Gateway’s HistoEx

A THREE-DAY expo celebrating the Philippines’ historic and cultural treasures will take place for free at the Quantum Skyview of Gateway Mall 2 in Quezon City. History to Experience (HistoEx) will take place from Aug. 1 to 3. It is a production of the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) in partnership with Araneta City and the J. Amado Araneta Foundation. With the theme “Diwa ng Kasaysayan, Kabilin sa Kabataan,” it will have exhibitors from all over the country, special performances, talks, and lectures. For the full schedule, check out the social media pages of Gateway Mall and NHCP.


Watch Peter and the Wolf and Little Red Riding Hood

BALLET meets drama meets orchestral music as Ballet Philippines (BP), Repertory Philippines (Rep), and the Manila Symphony Orchestra (MSO) collaborate for a kid-friendly season opener: Peter and the Wolf, a symphonic tale for children, and Little Red Riding Hood, a full-length ballet. Throughout the performance, live orchestral music will be provided by the MSO, with the full orchestra remaining onstage for the entire show. Peter and the Wolf and Little Red Riding Hood will run for five performances from Aug. 1 to 3 at The Theatre at Solaire in Parañaque City. Tickets are available via TicketWorld and at the Solaire Box Office.


Enjoy Side Show: The Musical at Power Mac

ONGOING until Aug. 17 at Circuit Makati’s Power Mac Center Spotlight is the Sandbox Collective’s production of Side Show: The Musical, which revolves around the life of conjoined twins and their fellow “freaks” who live in a carnival in 1930s America. The cast features Jon Santos, Tanya Manalang, Molly Langley, and Marvin Ong. Tickets are available through Ticket2me.


View the special screening of WPS documentary

THE Foreign Correspondents Association of the Philippines (FOCAP) will host a special screening of the documentary Food Delivery: Fresh from the West Philippine Sea on Aug. 1 at the Power Plant Cinema, Rockwell, Makati. There will be a talkback with the documentary’s director Baby Ruth Villarama, producer Chuck Gutierrez, and Philippine Coast Guard Commodore Jay Tarriela after the screening. The documentary showcases the efforts and struggles of Filipinos in staking their claim in the hotly contested West Philippine Sea (WPS) and South China Sea. Tickets are on sale (on a first come, first served basis) at P1,000 each. To register, fill out this form: https://bit.ly/FOCAPFoodDelivery.


Grab a movie deal at Robinsons Galleria

ROBINSONS GALLERIA is celebrating the 45th anniversary of Robinsons Land Corp. (RLC) with movie blockbuster deals. Until Aug. 17, moviegoers can enjoy up to 45% off on Robinsons Movieworld tickets at Robinsons Galleria Ortigas.


Get a fright at home through Final Destination Bloodlines

NEW Line Cinema and Warner Bros. Pictures’ Final Destination Bloodlines is making its global streaming debut exclusively on HBO Max. Starring Kaitlyn Santa Juana, Teo Briones, Richard Harmon, Owen Patrick Joyner, Anna Lore, Rya Kihlstedt, Brec Bassinger, and Tony Todd, it is the latest installment of the popular horror series Final Destination. It follows college student Stefani who heads home to track down the one person who might be able to break the cycle of death in their family — her grandmother, Iris. The movie is directed by Adam Stein and Zach Lipovsky.


Listen to TYLA’s 4-track bundle

SINGER-SONGWRITER TYLA has dropped “WWP’ (WE WANNA PARTY),” her first new project since her debut album. The new bundle of songs features the singles “BLISS” and “IS IT,” produced by P. Priime and Sammy Soso. There is also a guest appearance by WizKid on the track “DYNAMITE.” It is out now on all digital music streaming platforms.


Watch Marvel’s Eyes of Wakanda on Disney+

AFTER being unveiled at the Annecy International Animation Festival last month, Marvel Animation’s Eyes of Wakanda is now streaming on Disney+. The four-episode series is an action adventure that follows the Wakandan warriors Hatut Zaraze throughout history as they carry out dangerous missions to retrieve Vibranium artifacts from the enemies of Wakanda. It features the voices of Winnie Harlow, Cress Williams, Patricia Belcher, Larry Herron, Adam Gold, Lynn Whitfield, Jacques Colimon, Jona Xiao, Isaac Robinson-Smith, Gary Anthony Williams, Zeke Alton, Steve Toussaint, and Anika Noni Rose.


Listen to brei’s new single

RISING OPM artist brei has unveiled her latest single, “Kislap,” under Universal Records. The song’s core message is finding and choosing that one special person among a thousand faces in the crowd. It is out now on all digital music streaming platforms.

Keeping retireable workers is a big mistake

The compulsory retirement age in our company is 60. However, our Chief Executive Officer has extended the employment of some retirement-eligible managers for an additional three years. Isn’t this unfair to their second-in-command? What’s your take? — Good Hombre

It’s a fair question. It’s the same question that employees are quietly asking behind closed doors. Indeed, some companies continue to retain employees well past official retirement age. Sure, these workers are loyal and experienced. But so is that dusty old computer in the corner, which takes 10 minutes to boot and requires constant updates.

Keeping retirement-eligible employees may seem harmless or even noble in some cases. The truth is — it does more harm than good. Therefore, sticking with “tried and tested” veterans can stall your organization’s momentum. So, at what point does experience stop being an asset and start becoming a bottleneck?

REAL RISKS
Let’s break down the real risks behind this corporate habit.

One, career bottlenecks are killing ambition. Keeping senior employees long past retirement age is like parking a bus in the middle of a one-lane road — no one behind can move. Ambitious younger employees see no upward mobility.

They’re forced to wait for promotions, key projects, or leadership opportunities that may never come. What happens? They disengage or, worse, leave.

Two, high cost, low return. Older employees are often the highest-paid in the organization, with generous perks and skyrocketing healthcare expenses. Keeping them on — whether through extended contracts or “consultant” titles — may feel like a compromise, but the financial drain remains.

Even if you pay them less, the emotional cost of blocking young talent is just as damaging.

Three, innovation gets stuck in the past. How many times have you heard this phrase: “This is how we’ve always done it”? This often becomes a mantra for those who are “forever” workers. While experience is invaluable, clinging to legacy systems and outdated processes is a sure way to kill innovation.

Today’s businesses thrive on AI, automation, and digital-first strategies. If the retireable leaders don’t understand or resist these changes, your company won’t survive the next disruption.

Four, productivity declines with age. Age brings wisdom — but also fatigue, slower reflexes, and higher chances of burnout. Physical jobs become harder. Even desk jobs can suffer when mental sharpness begins to fade. Increased absenteeism due to health issues adds to the burden.

Do the math: Less output, more downtime, higher insurance premiums. Not exactly a winning formula.

Five, knowledge hoarding is real. One of the most common justifications for retaining older employees is their “irreplaceable expertise.” That’s only half the story. Many senior employees guard that expertise like a dragon guarding its treasure.

Unless there’s a structured mentorship system in place, that knowledge never gets passed on. The day they finally retire, the company loses decades of wisdom in one exit interview.

Six, generational tension hurts team culture. Different generations bring different work styles — and sometimes, those differences clash. Younger employees are often digital natives who thrive in collaborative, fast-paced environments.

Older workers may prefer hierarchy, predictability, and manual processes. When these preferences collide, it creates tension, slows teamwork, and poisons workplace culture.

Seven, succession planning gets delayed. Succession planning isn’t just an annual exercise. It’s about preparing tomorrow’s leaders today. But if today’s leaders never leave, the next generation never gets a shot.

When retirement-eligible managers overstay, it delays the process of grooming successors. And when these veterans finally go, there’s often no one ready or willing to take their place.

Eight, missing out on fresh talent. The workplace is evolving — and so is the workforce. Gen Z and Millennials are bringing fresh ideas, tech fluency, and new perspectives. But if your team is clogged with employees who refuse to exit gracefully, you’re leaving no room for this talent to flourish.

Imagine trying to update your smartphone apps while still using a Nokia 3210.

Nine, declining employee engagement. When younger workers see no career progression, their engagement drops like a rock. They’ll do the bare minimum, collect their paycheck, and scroll LinkedIn during work hours — on the company Wi-Fi, of course.

You’re not just slowing down innovation — you’re actively driving your brightest minds toward the exit door.

Ten, older workers burn out faster. Not all senior employees want to stay. Some just can’t afford to leave. They’re working out of fear, not fulfillment. And that leads to disengagement, cynicism, and burnout. A burnt-out employee, no matter how talented, isn’t leading anyone anywhere. They’re just coasting toward the inevitable.

THE BOTTOM LINE
Holding on to retirement-eligible workers may seem like an act of loyalty. But in today’s business climate, it’s more often a liability. It’s not about ageism or disrespecting decades of service. It’s about making room for new leadership, bold innovation, and sustainable growth.

Business is about staying competitive, not indulging nostalgia. Evolution requires turnover. If your organization can’t let go of yesterday’s heroes, you won’t create tomorrow’s legends. Leaders must face reality: Experience isn’t always the best teacher if it prevents the next generation from learning. Companies that grow are those that groom — and trust — their future leaders.

That can only happen if top management knows when to disengage with old workers.

 

Ask questions and receive Rey Elbo’s insights for free. E-mail elbonomics@gmail.com or DM him on Facebook, LinkedIn, X, or via https://reyelbo.com. Anonymity is guaranteed.

How the internet and its bots are sabotaging scientific research

STOCK PHOTO | Image by Kjpargeter from Freepik

There was a time, just a couple of decades ago, when researchers in psychology and health always had to engage with people face-to-face or use the telephone. The worst-case scenario was sending questionnaire packs out to postal addresses and waiting for handwritten replies.

So we either literally met our participants, or we had multiple corroborating points of evidence that indicated we were dealing with a real person who was, therefore, likely to be telling us the truth about themselves.

Since then, technology has done what it always does — create opportunities for us to cut costs, save time, and access wider pools of participants on the internet. But what most people have failed to fully realize is that internet research has brought along risks of data corruption or impersonation which could be deliberately aiming to put research projects in jeopardy.

What enthused scientists most about internet research was the new capability to access people who we might not normally be able to involve in research. For example, as more people could afford to go online, people who were poorer became able to participate, as were those from rural communities who might be many hours and multiple forms of transport away from our laboratories.

Technology then leapt ahead, in a very short period of time. The democratization of the internet opened it up to yet more and more people, and artificial intelligence grew in pervasiveness and technical capacity. So, where are we now?

As members of an international interest group looking at fraud in research (Fraud Analysis in Internet Research, or Fair), we’ve realized that it is now harder than ever to identify if someone is real. There are companies that scientists can pay to provide us with participants for internet research, and they in turn pay the participants.

While they do have checks and balances in place to reduce fraud, it’s probably impossible to eradicate it completely. Many people live in countries where the standard of living is low, but the internet is available. If they sign up to “work” for one of these companies, they can make a reasonable amount of money this way, possibly even more than they can in jobs involving hard labor and long hours in unsanitary or dangerous conditions.

In itself, this is not a problem. However, there will always be a temptation to maximize the number of studies they can participate in, and one way to do this is to pretend to be relevant to, and eligible for, a larger number of studies. Gaming the system is likely to be happening, and some of us have seen indirect evidence of this (people with extraordinarily high numbers of concurrent illnesses, for example).

It’s not feasible (or ethical) to insist on asking for medical records, so we rely on trust that a person with heart disease in one study is also eligible to take part in a cancer study because they also have cancer, in addition to anxiety, depression, blood disorders, or migraines and so on. Or all of these. Short of requiring medical records, there is no easy answer for how to exclude such people.

More insidiously, there will also be people who use other individuals to game the system, often against their will. We are only now starting to consider the possibility of this new form of slavery, the extent of which is largely unknown.

ENTER THE BOTS
Similarly, we are seeing the rise of bots who are pretending to be participants, answering questions in increasingly sophisticated ways. Multiple identities can be fabricated by a single coder who can then not only make a lot of money from studies, but also seriously undermine the science we are trying to do (very concerning where studies are open to political influence).

It’s getting much more difficult to spot artificial intelligence. There was a time when written interview questions, for example, could not be completed by AI, but they now can.

It’s literally only a matter of time before we will find ourselves conducting and recording online interviews with a visual representation of a living, breathing individual, who simply does not exist, for example through deepfake technology.

We are only a few years away from such a profound deception, if not months. The British TV series The Capture might seem far-fetched to some, with its portrayal of real-time fake TV news, but anyone who has seen where the state of the art now is with respect to AI can easily imagine us being just a short stretch away from its depictions of the “evils” of impersonation using perfect avatars scraped from real data. It is time to worry.

The only answer, for now, will be to simply conduct interviews face-to-face, in our offices or laboratories, with real people who we can look in the eye and shake the hand of. We will have travelled right back in time to the point a few decades ago mentioned earlier.

With this comes a loss of one of the great things about the internet: it is a wonderful platform for democratizing participation in research for people who might otherwise not have a voice, such as those who cannot travel because of a physical disability, and so on. It is dismaying to think that every fraudster is essentially stealing the voice of a real person who we genuinely want in our studies. And indeed, between 20% to 100% of survey responses have been found as fraudulent in previous research.

We must be suspicious going forward, when our natural propensity as amenable people who try to serve humanity with the work we do, is to be trusting and open. This is the real tragedy of the situation we find ourselves in, over and above that of the corruption of data that feed into our studies.

It also has ethical implications that we urgently need to consider. We do not, however, seem to have any choice but to “hope for the best but assume the worst.” We must build systems around our research, which are fundamentally only in place in order to detect and remove false participation of one type or another.

The sad fact is that we are potentially going backwards by decades to rule out a relatively small proportion of false responses. Every “firewall” we erect around our studies is going to reduce fraud (although probably not entirely eliminate it), but at the cost of reducing the breadth of participation that we desperately want to see.

THE CONVERSATION VIA REUTERS CONNECT

 

Mark Forshaw is a professor of Health Psychology at Edge Hill University. Jekaterina Schneider is a research fellow of Sport Psychology at the University of the West of England.

How PSEi member stocks performed — July 31, 2025

Here’s a quick glance at how PSEi stocks fared on Thursday, July 31, 2025.


Infrastructure spending expected to accelerate after election pause

CONSTRUCTION WORKERS continue work on the Skyway project at the corner of Quirino Avenue and Osmeña Highway in Manila. — PHILIPPPINE STAR/RYAN BALDEMOR

INFRASTRUCTURE spending is expected to pick up in the third quarter after a pause during the run-up to the May elections, the Department of Finance (DoF) said.

“We expect that to pick up in the third quarter,” Finance Undersecretary and Chief Economist Domini S. Velasquez said on the sidelines of an event on Thursday.

The Department of Budget and Management (DBM) reported that spending on infrastructure and other capital outlays declined 9.2% to P123.8 billion in May.

In the first five months, spending fell 0.6% to P417.5 billion.

“The lower outturn was mainly attributed to the lagged effects of the election-related prohibition on public spending that in turn affected the disbursement performance of the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) for its road infrastructure programs,” the DBM said in its disbursement report.

The Commission on Elections’ 45-day ban on public works spending started on March 28 and ended with the May 12 elections.

Budget Secretary Amenah F. Pangandaman has said that disbursements are expected to pick up in late May.

Meanwhile, Nigel Paul C. Villarete, senior adviser on public-private partnerships at the technical advisory group Libra Konsult, Inc., said a spending slowdown due to adverse weather is a “regular occurrence” and accounted for each year.

The government weather service, known as PAGASA, is forecasting up to 16 cyclones between August and December.

“However, we should not look at these negatively as these are regular and expected outcomes of our electoral processes and the occurrence thereof were already included and incorporated in the program and project planning of the various agencies of our government,” Mr. Villarete said via Viber.

The government has set a target for public infrastructure spending of 5%-6% of gross domestic product.

According to the Budget of Expenditures and Sources of Financing, the government is hoping to spend P1.54 trillion on infrastructure in 2025. — Aubrey Rose A. Inosante

Exporters left in the dark after Marcos silence on 19% tariff

PRESIDENT FERDINAND MARCOS, JR. — PHILIPPINE STAR/KRIZ JOHN ROSALES

By Justine Irish D. Tabile, Reporter

EXPORTERS said President Ferdinand R. Marcos, Jr. did not outline a government plan to deal with increased US tariffs in his fourth State of the Nation Address (SONA).

Foreign Buyers Association of the Philippines (FOBAP) President Robert M. Young said that exporters had been expecting the SONA to signal relief measures after US President Donald J. Trump announced a 19% tariff on Philippine goods, two percentage points higher than the initial rate announced in April.

“The whole thing to us is still opaque. When I say opaque, there’s no clarity,” he said in a phone interview, noting that government officials are giving off mixed signals regarding the conclusion of the reciprocal trade agreement.

“That’s why we expected him to say some comforting words,” he added.

He said exporters were hoping for forms of assistance that will “lessen their selling price.”

The Philippines and the US recently concluded talks on reciprocal tariffs, which are due to take effect on Aug. 1. The Philippine rate gives it little or no advantage over regional competitors like Indonesia (19%) or Vietnam (20%).

He expressed fears that the tariff will render Philippine goods unattractive, with consumers “instead picking commodities from Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Indonesia, among others,” he added.

He said there is some leeway to cushion the blow against exporters, such as tax reductions or holidays and subsidized customs and port fees.

“Right now, the sentiment is that nobody is pushing for this kind of remedy,” he added, noting the absence of “assurance from the government that we are here to assist you in any way.”

He said clear direction from the government will not only provide comfort to exporters but also to buyers.

“When they hear these kinds of comforting words, their trust level will also increase, which will be good for us, as that will push them to somehow continue (dealing with us),” he added.

BCDA approves new BSP complex in Clark

BASES CONVERSION AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (BCDA)

THE Bases Conversion and Development Authority (BCDA) said it approved the development of the New Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) Security Complex in New Clark City.

In a statement, the BCDA said the move to Clark from the current security complex site in East Avenue, Quezon City is intended to decongest Metro Manila.

The new 31.3-hectare BSP Security Complex in New Clark City will “accelerate countryside development, stimulate job creation, and strengthen our institutions for generations to come,” BCDA President and Chief Executive Officer Joshua M. Bingcang said.

The detailed design phase is scheduled to conclude by August, while the procurement process to appoint a general contractor is expected in December.

“The facility will ensure uninterrupted BSP operations during disruptions such as natural disasters,” the BCDA said.

“The long-term lease agreement with BCDA, effective for 50 years and renewable for another 25, provides a stable base for BSP’s operations outside Metro Manila,” it added.

It expects the construction of the new BSP facility to generate demand for housing and services when it starts operations.

“This movement of skilled workers and their families will invigorate the local economy, generating new demand for housing, retail, transport and public services in Tarlac and nearby provinces,” Mr. Bingcang said.

The BCDA has broken ground on an 900-unit affordable housing project in New Clark City. Further units will be offered after the first phase.

“The BSP Complex is being designed for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification, ensuring world class standards in energy efficiency, climate resilience, and environmental performance,” the BCDA said. — Justine Irish D. Tabile

VAT filing deadline extended for foreign digital providers

STOCK PHOTO | Image by andrespradagarcia from Pixabay

THE Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) said it extended the deadline for filing value-added tax (VAT) returns for non-resident digital service providers to Aug. 5.

In a Revenue Memorandum Circular on Thursday, the extension applies to VAT returns and payments for the second quarter.

The original deadline had been July 25 but was later moved to July 31 in the wake of widespread flooding in many parts of the country last week.

“If the extended due dates fall on a holiday or non-working day, the filing of the VAT returns and payment of VAT due thereon shall be made on the next working day,” it said.

The government imposed a 12% VAT on digital services consumed in the Philippines on June 1. President Ferdinand R. Marcos, Jr. signed the digital services VAT law in October.

The Department of Finance (DoF) has said that the government will generate P102.12 billion in revenue from the VAT between 2025 and 2028. — Aubrey Rose A. Inosante