Connecting Europe and Asia: Time to move up a gear
By Federica Mogherini
EUROPE and Asia have a centuries-old common history. The ties between the two continents are today reaching an unprecedented level. Asian markets account for over one third of exports from the European Union. Almost half of the goods and services imported by the EU come from Asian countries. Every year, thousands of students, academics, researchers move between the EU and Asia. The cultural exchanges between our cities are vibrant. And there is more to our mutual relationship than just economic or scientific exchanges: the European Union and Asian countries have a common interest in preserving a cooperative, rules-based and peaceful international system, where multilateral organizations are the natural fora for reaching common solutions. This relationship needs to rely on effective, functioning and sustainable connectivity, in other words on the physical and non-physical infrastructure through which goods, services, ideas and people can flow unhindered.
While connectivity has always been a part of the EU’s policy towards Asia, until now the EU has not used its potential in this area to the full. That is why we have proposed this week a new policy framework to step up the EU action, an EU strategy on connectivity between Europe and Asia.
Our message is clear: the European Union is ready to step up its engagement with Asian partners on an agenda for connectivity, based on mutual interests and common objectives. Connectivity is in the very DNA of the European Union, as a political project based on market integration. We can offer our regulatory experience, technical expertise and funding opportunities at the service of projects that help interoperability and convergence, promote fiscally and environmentally sound growth, and strengthen our connections in a way that will be beneficial for us all.
We can do this in three ways. Firstly, the EU is ready to support new connections and networks between Europe and Asia. For example, extending our Trans-European Transport Network, which facilitates trade and mobility through removing technical and regulatory barriers for transport networks and modernizing infrastructure to other non-EU countries would be a positive step. We will also pursue a sustainable digital agenda with Asia in order to foster universal and affordable access to digital technologies and services. We will share our experience in creating regional, liberalized energy markets with a focus on market-driven transformation towards clean energy. And we will continue to promote human exchanges and mobility through programs such as Erasmus or the Marie Curie Action as a way to build connections, mutual understanding and share ideas.
Secondly, in the EU approach, connectivity can only be built in partnership. Therefore, we will work hand in hand with regional organizations and mechanisms in Asia, such as ASEAN, to identify and support projects. Many such partnerships exist already. Currently, the European Union and ASEAN are negotiating an aviation agreement. The Philippines is also part of a number of regional projects like EU ARISE Plus which covers areas including trade facilitation, intellectual property rights, and civil aviation as well as the E-READI, an EU-ASEAN dialogue instrument that facilitates dialogue forums between the EU and ASEAN on policy areas across all three ASEAN community pillars: political and security; economic; and socio-cultural. The EU also supports the Philippines in the attainment of the country’s rural electrification targets through the EU Access to Sustainable Energy Programme (ASEP). Furthermore, the recently concluded EU-Philippines Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA) lays a comprehensive foundation for strong bilateral cooperation in many areas including — among others — trade, investment, development, and transport policies.
We will work hand in hand with regional organizations and mechanisms existing in Asia, such as ASEAN, to identify and support projects.
Thirdly, we want to work on a connectivity based on shared principles: transparency, non-discriminatory market practices, a level playing field for economic operators, protection for intellectual property rights. The best way to achieve this is not to impose anyone’s standards or rules, but to work together within international organizations on mutually acceptable ones. European companies must have a level playing field vis-à-vis their competitors and have the same access to markets abroad as others have in the EU.
Finally, we will mobilize all our levers to back projects with adequate funding, using to the full the potential of the European Investment Bank and of the new tools for external investment policy available under the EU budget. According to the Asia Development Bank, Asia will require over €1.3 trillion a year of infrastructure investment in the coming decades. The EU is ready to support Asian countries meet such an investment challenge leveraging public and private financing through a combination of grants, guarantees, lending and blending. Yet, investment must be fiscally viable and financially sustainable. The EU will only support projects that mobilise domestic resources, create value for local communities and are sustainable in the long term.
Together, Europe and Asia account for almost 70% of global population and over 60% of the world’s GDP. There is space for making our ties stronger and more mutually beneficial. Sustainable connectivity, based on strong partnerships and transparent rules, is for the EU, European and Asian countries, the best way forward.
Federica Mogherini is Vice-President of the European Commission and High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy.
