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Responsible leadership in the age of AI: Reacting to a user’s suicide

STOCK PHOTO | Image from Freepik

(Part 3)

The case of the US youth who committed suicide abetted by a chatbot that was so human-like that the adolescent literally romantically fell in love with it illustrates how important it is to regulate the AI industry to prevent abuses of this otherwise very beneficial technology. But we cannot afford to throw the baby with the bath water. Before we start demanding stronger and stronger state control, considering the principle of subsidiarity, we have to find ways that the private sector — both business and civil society — can regulate the profit-making activities of AI enterprises.

In fairness to Character.AI that developed the bot used by the hapless youth, in response to the tragic event, this technology enterprise immediately adopted safety measures to prevent a similar situation happening in the future. As one example of responsible leadership in the age of AI, let us describe in detail the response of Character.AI.

First, it declared what its business mission is, then how it was responding to the case: Our goal is to offer the fun and engaging experience our users have come to expect while enabling the safe exploration of the topics our users want to discuss with Characters. Our policies do not allow non-consensual sexual content, graphic or specific descriptions of sexual acts, or the promotion or depiction of self-harm or suicide. We are continually training the large language model (LLM) that powers the Characters on the platform to adhere to these policies. As a specific response to the tragic case of suicide, Character.AI management started investing heavily in its trust and safety processes and internal team. Being a relatively new company, it hired a Head of Trust and Safety and a Head of Content Policy. In addition, engineering safety support team members were employed. The firm plans to continue growing and evolving in this area of safety. Management recently put in place a pop-up resource that is triggered when a user inputs certain phrases related to self-harm or suicide, directing the user to the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline.

Worthy of emulation by similar AI enterprises are new features that Character.AI intends to roll out. These are new safety and product features that will strengthen the security of its platform without compromising the entertaining and engaging experience users have come to expect from the company. Among these features are:

• Changes to its models for minors (under the age of 18) that are designed to reduce the likelihood of encountering sensitive or suggestive content.

• Improved detection, response, and intervention related to user inputs that violate the firm’s Terms of Community Guidelines.

• A revised disclaimer on every Chat to remind users that AI is not a real person.

• Notification when a user has spent an hour on the platform, with additional user flexibility in progress.

Character.AI is also now engaging in proactive detection and the moderation of user-created Characters, including using industry standard and custom blocklists that are regularly updated. Proactively and in response to user reports, the enterprise removes Characters that violate the Terms of Service. It also adheres to Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) requirements and takes swift action to remove reported Characters that violate copyright law or its own policies. Users may notice that the company recently removed a group of Characters that have been flagged as violative, and these will be added to the customer blocklists in the future. This means users also won’t have access to their chat history with the Characters in question.

In general, Character.AI is committed to implementing enhanced safety systems to better protect all users, particularly young ones, including the following:

• Enhanced Guardrails: Limiting access to content for people under 14.

• Session alerts: Notifying users who spend more than an hour interacting with the chatbots.

Suicide Prevention Features: Pop-ups directing individuals to suicide prevention hotlines when certain red flag phrases are detected.

These measures, implemented by a leading participant in the AI industry, are a good beginning to address the ethical challenges of the ongoing industrial revolution. Obviously, they are not sufficient to truly protect the millions of users of Character.AI, who include not only minors but also people with mental diseases and other individuals facing psychological stress. This question concerns not only Character.AI’s policies but also those of the hundreds of companies that introduce chatbots and other AI beings into the virtual world day in and day out.

Again, following the principle of subsidiarity, the consuming public must be ever vigilant to give feedback to the producers of AI and, if necessary, file a lawsuit against the irresponsible use of the technology, as the mother of the teenager who committed suicide did against Character.AI.

 

Bernardo M. Villegas has a Ph.D. in Economics from Harvard, is professor emeritus at the University of Asia and the Pacific, and a visiting professor at the IESE Business School in Barcelona, Spain. He was a member of the 1986 Constitutional Commission.

bernardo.villegas@uap.asia

SSI Group, Inc. to hold virtual Annual Meeting of Stockholders on July 24

 


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Bangko Sentral likely to deliver one more cut this year — BofA

BW FILE PHOTO

THE BANGKO SENTRAL ng Pilipinas’ (BSP) current monetary easing cycle is expected to be “deeper” compared to some of its Southeast Asian peers amid a benign inflation outlook, with one more rate cut likely this year, Bank of America (BofA) Global Research said.

“The BSP has sufficient room to cut its policy rate twice more (in June and October 2025) to bring its policy rate to 5.0% — even if the US Federal Reserve stays on hold for some time,” it said in a note on Tuesday.

“US Fed policy has a cursory impact on BSP’s policy outlook, although there is high correlation between their rate cycles,” it added.

The Monetary Board on June 19 cut the target reverse repurchase rate by 25 basis points (bps) to 5.25% amid a moderating inflation outlook and weak economic growth.

BSP Governor Eli M. Remolona, Jr. last month said they could deliver one more 25-bp cut this year depending on data and how geopolitical and global trade risks develop.

The Monetary Board’s remaining policy meetings this year are scheduled for Aug. 28, Oct. 9, and Dec. 11.

BofA Global Research said Philippine economic growth remains rangebound, even with consumption and investment recovering, adding that the country is “better shielded” from the impact of higher US tariffs.

“The BSP being an inflation-targeting central bank has great emphasis on inflation outlook for its monetary stance,” it added.

However, the central bank’s dovishness and its wide trade and current account deficits could translate to a weaker peso, even as the greenback remains under pressure.

BofA Global Research said that the bias in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is towards monetary easing.

Like the BSP, Bank Indonesia and Bank of Thailand are expected to deliver deeper cutting cycles compared to Bank Negara Malaysia and the Monetary Authority of Singapore, while the State Bank of Vietnam is expected to maintain status quo, it said.

“With monetary policy cutting cycles advancing across the region, there is a greater degree of heterogeneity starting to set in, but the broad bias for central banks remains clearly tilted towards easing, amid external uncertainties and inflation pressures contained. However, pace of easing should differ, given varying central banks’ objectives and domestic conditions,” it added.

The outlook for growth and inflation in ASEAN has broadly improved, BofA Global Research said.

“Generally speaking, we expect inflation across the region to remain well below central banks’ target ranges or comfort thresholds over the forecast horizon. Across the board, the absence of strong domestic demand pressures amid ongoing uncertainties should keep a lid on underlying inflation. Food price pressures should also remain contained in the absence of extreme weather patterns,” it said.

“Prevalence of energy price controls in Indonesia and Malaysia would limit the inflation impact, in the event oil prices spike. Overall, inflation will likely stay between the target band in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, while may undershoot in Singapore and Thailand.”— BVR

FedEx expands import permit services in Philippines

FEDEX.COM

FEDERAL EXPRESS CORP. (FedEx), an American multinational logistics provider, has expanded its export permit services in the Philippines to help local businesses streamline the documentation required for international shipments.

“This latest initiative is part of FedEx’s broader efforts to foster the growth of the Philippine export sector,” FedEx said in a statement on Tuesday.

“By streamlining access to international trade, FedEx maintains its role as a trusted logistics provider for businesses of all sizes,” it added.

FedEx said its export permit services are now available at about 240 locations in the Philippines, including 199 2GO outlets, 23 newly added Airspeed sites, and 18 IPX centers.

The logistics provider said each authorized retail store will be fully equipped to assist business owners with the necessary documentation in compliance with existing regulations for international export shipments.

“This expanded network significantly enhances the availability and convenience of FedEx export permit services for SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) and e-commerce retailers across the country,” FedEx said.

FedEx earlier identified the Philippines as one of its growing markets in the Asia-Pacific region, alongside Vietnam and Indonesia.

The company’s hub in Clark is among its three gateway facilities, with the others located in Singapore and Japan. Its main hub is in China. Its 17,000-square-meter facility at Clark International Airport can sort 9,000 parcels per hour. — Ashley Erika O. Jose

Arts & Culture (07/02/25)


Solidaridad Bookshop up for sale after 59 years

THE iconic Solidaridad Bookshop in Ermita, Manila, founded by the late National Artist for Literature F. Sionil José, has announced that it is now for sale. In an interview with the student publication The Varsitarian, the bookshop’s administrative head Antonio “Tonet” José confirmed that none of the siblings will be able to manage the shop that was started by their father. “We are all getting old,” he said, adding that he is the only one of the siblings still living in the Philippines. Located on Padre Faura St. in Ermita, Manila, the bookshop showcases the works of F. Sionil as well as other renowned Filipino authors. It remains open for now.


Big Bad Wolf Books heads to Robinsons Manila

BIG BAD WOLF Books is unleashing The Madness Sale once again at Robinsons Manila from July 1 to 6, with books priced at P99. The sale will be held from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. at the mall’s Midtown Atrium. Admission is free.


More days added to Dear Evan Hansen run

GMG PRODUCTIONS has announced the final extension of the Manila run of the UK touring production of Tony Award-winning musical Dear Evan Hansen. The production will now run from Sept. 4 to Oct. 5 at The Theatre at Solaire in Tambo, Parañaque. Dear Evan Hansen tells the story of Evan, an anxious high school student longing for a sense of belonging. Featuring music by the duo Benj Pasek and Justin Paul and a book by Steven Levenson, Dear Evan Hansen has won four Tony Awards, including Best Musical, the Olivier Award for Best New Musical, and the Grammy Award for Best Musical Theatre Album. Tickets to the new show dates have been released and are now available exclusively through TicketWorld. For updates and announcements, visit www.gmg-productions.com or follow @gmg.productions.


Karina Herrera Orozco mounts first solo exhibit

MANDALA ARTIST Karina Herrera Orozco is showcasing the magic of mandala through her first solo exhibition, Colors of Life, which is ongoing at the Gateway Gallery until July 12. The show is an immersive experience featuring balance and creativity through the fusion of color and symmetry.


Proscenium Theater to open with The Bodyguard

THE first production of the new Proscenium Theater at Rockwell, Makati City, has been revealed. The Bodyguard, produced by 9 Works Theatrical, is based on the 2012 stage musical with a book by Alexander Dinelaris, which in turn was based on the 1992 film The Bodyguard with songs by Whitney Houston. It will be directed by Robbie Guevara, with musical direction by Daniel Bartolome. More details will be revealed soon.


CCP expands its Kaisa sa Sining network

THE Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) recently expanded its Kaisa sa Sining (KSS) network of regional arts centers with the confirmation of four new member organizations for the first half of 2025: the Province of South Cotabato, Capiz State University, Colegio San Agustin Bacolod, and Don Bosco Tarlac. Launched in 2014, the KSS is a network of regional partners composed of educational institutions, local government units, and non-government organizations. To date, the CCP KSS network is comprised of 77 organizations across the country: 28 in Luzon, 21 in the Visayas, and 28 in Mindanao.

Refusal to champion PHL interests is a dereliction of sworn duty

PHILIPPINE COAST GUARD, PHILIPPINE BUREAU OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC RESOURCES

That Chinese aggression towards Philippine vessels right within our own Exclusive Economic Zone is taking place with alarming frequency does not make it any less reprehensible, legal, or morally right.

Just a few days ago, on June 20, Chinese Coast Guard (CCG) vessels once again harassed Philippine Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) vessels near Bajo de Masinloc. CCG ship 4106 shadowed and issued radio threats to the BRP Datu Daya and BRP Datu Bangkaya, falsely claiming the area as Chinese territory.

On the same day, other Philippine vessels — BRP Datu Taradapit and BRP Datu Tamblot — were also attacked with water cannons. The United States, South Korea, and New Zealand have publicly denounced these water cannon attacks.

These incidents are only the latest in the established dangerous pattern where China harasses Filipino fisherfolk, destroys our marine ecosystems, and blatantly ignores international law including the 2016 decision by the Permanent Court of Arbitration. It is imperative that as Filipinos, we protest these actions every step of the way, assert our sovereignty, and emphasize the supremacy of international law.

Unfortunately, we have leaders in our midst who, instead of championing Philippine interests, conduct themselves in a manner that betrays our trust.

Unfortunately, we have leaders in our midst who, rather than defending Philippine sovereignty with clarity and conviction, choose instead to cast doubt on our strategic direction. Instead of confronting the real dangers posed by Chinese aggression, they question the wisdom of our alliances and paint our foreign policy as overly reliant on partners who have consistently stood by us.

These remarks, while couched in calls for independence and neutrality, echo narratives long pushed by Beijing to weaken our resolve in the West Philippine Sea. By blurring the lines between neutrality and indifference, such statements risk undermining public understanding of the stakes and suggest a false equivalence between aggressor and ally.

When public officials hesitate to clearly stand on the side of our national interest, it raises serious concerns. Filipinos expect their leaders to be resolute in the face of external threats — not to muddy the waters or diminish the gravity of what is happening in our own waters.

Filipinos are well aware of the issue of China’s bullying at sea. Surveys have consistently shown that the people overwhelmingly support a firm position on the West Philippine Sea. In a February 2025 poll, eight of 10 respondents said the government should strengthen alliances through joint patrols, joint sails, and military exercises to defend our maritime rights.

In a May 2025 survey, the majority of Filipinos — 72% — expressed a preference for candidates who take a strong position against China. This distrust of pro-China political figures shows that the public is aware, informed, and unwilling to tolerate weak leadership. Leaders who pander to Beijing are losing public support — and rightfully so.

Externally, the drive to defend ourselves against incursions into our sovereignty is supported by the international community. This international support is not accidental — it is the result of the Marcos Jr. administration’s consistent diplomatic engagement, strengthened defense cooperation, and assertive transparency strategy to expose China’s aggression. The Philippines is fortunate to have like-minded countries that share our respect for, and commitment to, the established rules-based order. We are, thankfully, in good company.

The protection of our territory is spelled out in our Constitution. It is the embodiment of patriotism — loving what is ours and ensuring that no other entity lays claim to it, harms and threatens our people. China’s undeniable acts of aggression call for a response that is assertive and firm as much as it is diplomatic. We are a peace-loving nation, sure. But peace must not be mistaken for complacency and capitulation, even to a bigger power with a stronger military. This very principle is what is protected by international law.

We chose the officials who lead us because we believed them when they promised to champion our interests — above their own, above others’. This is exactly why we are rejecting those who are parroting the lines of a foreign aggressor, twisting the facts, and downplaying the implications of the aggression on the life of our nation.

The attitude of our officials must at least match the dedication of our military and the civilians bravely taking part in missions to assert our sovereign rights in the West Philippine Sea. The lack of courage to stand up to China’s bully tactics reveals their fundamental flaws as a leader and public servant. What we need now is moral clarity and political courage.

The stakes are not abstract — they affect the livelihoods of our fisherfolk, the safety of our waters, and the dignity of our nation.

Leaders who remain vague, evasive, or sympathetic to aggression must be reminded: silence and equivocation, in the face of threats to sovereignty, is complicity. The Filipino people deserve — and demand — leaders who do not flinch in the defense of what is rightfully ours.

 

Victor Andres “Dindo” C. Manhit is the president of the Stratbase ADR Institute.

Visa to launch AI-enabled payment solutions in the Philippines

Jeffrey V. Navarro, country manager, Visa Philippines

PAYMENTS TECHNOLOGY company Visa is looking to launch within the year new artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled capabilities and features to help improve digital payments in the Philippines.

Visa Country Manager Jeffrey V. Navarro said at a media briefing on Tuesday that they plan to launch three of these AI-enabled solutions in the country within the next 12-18 months, namely, Visa Pay, Visa Accept, and Flex Credential.

“The continuously growing digital payment sector in the Philippines makes it a prime environment for technological innovation — one that harnesses AI for the benefit of the digital Filipino business owner and consumer,” Mr. Navarro said.

“The way Visa operates is it’s a partnership model. We can only do it as fast as we can based also on the capabilities of partners. Partners will have varying priorities that they also want to do, so some of the objectives may be aligned with Visa, but it could be that there are more pressing things that they need to do now. So, that discussion happens on a weekly basis in terms of program management. But the intent is, the soonest we can launch it, then that’s what we want,” he said. “We’re really hoping that some of the three that we did mention, within the year, there will be some that we can announce to you guys and say, it’s finally live now.”

Visa Pay connects any participating digital wallet to Visa-accepting merchants in the region. It will be launched through partnerships with leading e-wallets per country in Asia-Pacific, Visa said. For the Philippines, it will be launched through a partnership with Maya.

Meanwhile, Visa Accept will allow micro-sellers to receive payments directly to their eligible Visa debit card using any near-field communication (NFC)-enabled smartphone.

The company first launched Visa Accept in Vietnam, which aims to support microentrepreneurs and informal sellers such as street vendors, freelancers, and small service providers.

Lastly, Flex Credential is a card that allows users to toggle between debit, credit, and reward points.

Visa Flex was first launched in partnership with Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp. (SMBC) and Sumitomo Mitsui Card Company (SMCC), known as Olive, two years ago in Japan. Visa said it is also collaborating with local banks in Vietnam to launch Flex Credential “in the next few months.”

The company also plans to debut a particular solution in the Philippines that may take longer to roll out, Mr. Navarro said.

“[This is] not live today but it’s been in the wheelhouse, and the Philippines has been identified as one of the markets. We want to bring it to life in the near future. Fingers crossed. It’s also one of the capabilities that I hope we can land in the market pretty soon. So, we want to pressure test the engines before we bring it here. That will probably mean a little longer runway,” he said.

Part of Visa’s latest suite of products are solutions related to improving digital identity, the company said. These include Passkeys, Tap to Confirm, and enhanced data to identify and authenticate digital users.

“These solutions will reduce friction for consumers by being digitally native while improving payment security and authorization rates with enhanced transaction data and state-of-the-art fraud prevention techniques.”

It will also launch stablecoin-backed cards, settlement, and programmable money in the Philippines to allow consumers to use their Visa credentials to buy stablecoins with fiat currency and pay with stablecoin across Visa-accepting merchants.

The company is also looking to expand the availability of the Visa Tokenized Asset Platform in Asia-Pacific, which will allow their partners to issue and manage fiat-backed tokens, “offering interconnectivity to public and private blockchains, enabling programmable financing, trading of tokenized assets and facilitating cross-border money movement.”

Visa is also launching Intelligent Commerce, a series of integrated application programming interfaces (APIs) that will allow developers to deploy its AI commerce capabilities. The company said it is exploring partnerships with Ant International, Grab and Tencent for this.

“We are excited to work with local banks, acquirers, merchants, and the government in bringing these innovations to the Philippine market. Working with the right partners will help us translate these global innovations into real, tangible impact for local stakeholders — helping us all advance into the future of payments,” Mr. Navarro said. — A.M.C. Sy

PSE OKs Keppel Philippines’ voluntary delisting on July 8

PHILIPPINE STAR/KRIZ JOHN ROSALES

THE PHILIPPINE Stock Exchange, Inc. (PSE) has approved the voluntary delisting of investment holding company Keppel Philippines Holdings, Inc. (KPHI), effective July 8.

The bourse also ordered the removal of KPHI’s shares from the official registry on the same date, the PSE said in a public advisory on June 30.

KPHI announced its intention to voluntarily delist in February, with majority shareholder Kepwealth, Inc. launching a tender offer for all of KPHI’s outstanding common shares.

The tender offer period ran from April 28 to June 11.

Following the tender offer, Kepwealth now owns 56.85 million common shares, equivalent to 99.34% of KPHI, exceeding the 95% threshold required to complete the voluntary delisting.

The tendered shares were crossed via block sale on June 18.

Incorporated in July 1975, KPHI was initially established to engage in shipbuilding and ship repair in the Philippines. It was listed on the Makati and Manila stock exchanges in 1987.

KPHI transitioned into an investment holding company in 1993. — Revin Mikhael D. Ochave

Agridom promotes smart farming with drones

AGRIDOM

By Edg Adrian A. Eva, Reporter

AGRIDOM SOLUTIONS, INC. uses advanced drones to help local farmers overcome field challenges, leading to higher yields and increased profits.

“We saw an opportunity to help farmers and the agriculture industry modernize and keep up with our neighboring countries,” Agridom Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Dominador L. Subang said in an interview. “When we did the market research, most of the pain points of farmers were, No. 1, their bottom line — low income.”

“Second is hard labor… Farming, as most people know, is a very laborious endeavor. And next is the safety of the farmer, as they are exposed to harmful chemicals. With our solution, we can address all those issues,” he added.

The Philippine agricultural tech startup’s flagship product features artificial intelligence (AI)-equipped drones and services, giving farmers the option to either buy the equipment or avail themselves of drone-assisted solutions.

These include unmanned aerial and ground vehicles equipped with real-time mapping, terrain sensing and fully autonomous systems.

The drones can perform precise spraying, spreading and high-definition crop mapping, enabling smart farming for high-value crops like rice.

This helps farmers reduce manual labor, minimize exposure to chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers, and improve yield and profit.

“When you observe farming practices, especially traditional ones, we just broadcast the fertilizer — even the seeding — randomly,” Mr. Subang said. “But with drones, it’s autonomous, automated and mapped.”

Rice fields integrated with Agridom’s smart farming solutions have posted an average yield increase of 30%, a 20% reduction in labor costs, a 30% decrease in chemical use and as much as 90% in water savings, according to the startup.

Mr. Subang said they want to make their technology both affordable and farmer-friendly, offering drone spraying services for rice fields at rates as low as P750 per hectare.

To date, the agri-tech company has worked on 12,000 hectares across 14 regions.

The CEO said they plan to expand and enhance their technology to help more farmers increase their income and reduce their workload.

He added that this could eventually lead to attracting a new generation of farmers, as the long-held notion that farming is backbreaking work could now be dispelled through technology.

“People should realize that farming, when done properly, is profitable,” Mr. Subang said.

Farmers and fisherfolk are the poorest in the country, according to a 2023 report by the local statistics agency.

Mr. Subang said he is optimistic that in three to five years, smart technology like drones would become the norm in agriculture, helping more farmers and boosting food security.

‘My history is being stolen’: scandal-prone Spanish former king to publish memoirs

SPAIN’S FORMER King Juan Carlos I (left ) with former Prime Minister Andrus Ansip. — ESTONIAN FOREIGN MINISTRY/FLICKR

MADRID — Spain’s former king Juan Carlos will publish his memoirs by yearend in an unprecedented move by a Spanish monarch, publishing house Planeta said on Monday.

Once revered for his role in Spain’s transition to democracy, Juan Carlos was forced to abdicate in 2014 following a series of scandals that included an affair with Danish national Corinna zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn and the shooting of an elephant in Botswana. He is now seen as a liability for his son, King Felipe.

Spanish prosecutors investigated allegations of fraud laid against the former king in Spain and Switzerland, but dropped the probe due to insufficient evidence and the statute of limitations.

The former king’s lawyer said at the time that prosecutors had failed to prove the existence of any wrongdoing or criminal behavior.

Reconciliation, written in first person, aims to highlight his fundamental contributions to the success of Spain’s young democracy during his almost 40-year reign, overshadowed by his self-imposed exile in Abu Dhabi and some of his own mistakes, the publisher said.

“My father always advised me not to write my memoirs. Kings do not confess. And certainly not publicly. Their secrets remain buried in the shadows of palaces. Why am I disobeying him today? Why have I changed my mind? Because I feel that my history is being stolen from me,” Planeta quoted the former king as saying.

The 87-year-old ex-monarch moved to Abu Dhabi in 2020 and has not participated in any official act with the Spanish royal family since. He only returns to Spain for short visits, mainly to sail his yacht, Bribon — Spanish for “rascal” — on its northwestern coast.

The memoirs will tell in detail the private side of a public life, Planeta said, in a book “rich in anecdotes that do not shy away from the most significant episodes of our recent history, nor from the joys and sorrows of his intimate and personal life.” — Reuters

Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) of select ASEAN economies, June 2025

PHILIPPINE factory activity in June expanded at its fastest pace in two months as production rebounded and new orders rose, S&P Global said. Read the full story.

Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) of select ASEAN economies, June 2025

Hopeful Cebu

STOCK PHOTO | Image by Zany Jadraque from Unsplash

The results of the recent elections, in which the powerful Garcia political dynasty was clobbered, bring new hope for Cebu City and Cebu Province.

Although I lived in Manila most of my life, my migratory family has lived in Cebu for over 60 years. During our early years here, we were quite impressed with the good sense and independence of Cebu voters. They consistently chose leaders who cared about the welfare of the province and its people. The names still ring a bell: Osmeña, Briones, Jakosalem, Cuenco, etc.

During the latter part of Ferdinand Marcos, Sr.’s dictatorship, the only organized opposition group, Pusyon Bisaya, was based in Cebu. Their leaders, notably Hilarion Davide and Filemon Fernandez, were aggressive in criticizing policies of the authoritarian government. Marcos, who was then trying to impress the global political community, tolerated their dissent.

When our family moved here in the late 1950s, Cebu City was a quiet city, whose narrow and very old roads were plied with caretelas (horse-drawn carriages), called tartanillas by the locals. I could hire one for an hour to take me and my baby sister around the main road, then called Jones Ave., which fronted the provincial capitol and made a U-turn at the rotunda known by everyone as “Pwente” (Fuente Osmeña). Most of the streets were very narrow as they were built centuries earlier by the Spanish colonial government in the oldest city in the Philippines. Automobiles had not yet been invented then.

When then Governor Lito Osmeña was chosen by then President Cory Aquino to be the running mate of presidential candidate Fidel V. Ramos, his vice-governor, Pablo Garcia, became acting governor. Eventually, Garcia’s daughter Gwen became his provincial administrator. Pablo Garcia enabled his only daughter to practically run the provincial government. This encouraged Gwen Garcia to eventually run for governor and to win.

As a politician, Gwen Garcia proved highly skilled, making good use of her degree in mass media communications from UP to draw the majority of provincial voters to re-elect her several times. She was also highly skilled in having her Ombudsman convictions for graft and corruption nullified by the Court of Appeals. She also became shrewd at linking up with ultra-high government officials to support her expensive projects.

When a powerful earthquake hit Cebu in 2013, the only building that sustained major damage was Gwen Garcia’s expensive Cebu International Convention Center (CICC) built in 2006. The CICC was only of medium height. Cebu City had numerous high towers, but not one of them was damaged. In 2016, Gwen Garcia faced 11 counts of graft for the construction of the CICC, but the charges were dismissed by the Ombudsman in 2020.

Gwen Garcia’s sense of entitlement was shattered when Pam Baricuatro, a relatively unknown political neophyte, defeated her for the governorship in a landslide win in the last election. Baricuatro was a close friend of Dr. Rowena Burden who had been highly critical on social media of Gwen Garcia’s policies, and who died in 2023 of a heart attack while dealing with cyberlibel cases filed against her by Garcia. Because of what happened to her good friend, Baricuatro became motivated to run against Garcia although she did not think that she could win.

When the election results came in, Gwen Garcia refused to accept them and said she would not go down from the Capitol. She had truly felt entitled to the post!

Meanwhile, her cousin Raymond Garcia, mayor of Cebu City, lost to Nestor Archival, a well-known environmental activist who, in the words of Margot Osmeña, “walks the talk.” Raymond Garcia’s huge billboards and posters were all over the city while Archival and his running mate Tommy Osmeña had just a few posters. Archival’s environmental advocacies will be good for Cebu City which is short of water from its dry mountains. Tommy Osmeña, as former mayor, was good for Cebu City’s economy.

Pam Baricuatro has been active in helping the poor, long before she became a politician. She set up a food bank, one of only two in the country. The food bank collects donations of food from various donors and distributes them to the poor. With funding from her wealthy husband, a foreigner, she also set up Simply Share, an NGO that helps feed the hungry. Simply Share donates rice to KidsLife Foundation which provides daycare services to street children in Cebu. Governor Baricuatro will not have an easy job. Her Vice-governor and all of the 10 board members are Gwen Garcia’s people. But she plans to find ways to win their cooperation to help the people of Cebu province, especially the poor, in improving their health and providing jobs and food.

There seems to be new hope for Cebuanos. After long years of poor services by the prosperous Garcia political dynasty, there is optimism and gratitude for the restoration of good sense and independence of Cebu voters. Hopefully, poverty and hunger will be reduced under newly elected leaders.

 

Teresa S. Abesamis has been a development management, social and political marketing consultant for over 20 years.

tsabesamis0114@yahoo.com