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Peso to move sideways vs dollar

THE market expects the US Federal Reserve to raise its benchmark rates this week. — BW FILE PHOTO

THE PESO will likely move sideways against the dollar today amid geopolitical tensions overseas and ahead of the policy meeting of the US central bank.
The local currency slipped versus the US unit on Friday. It retreated to its near 12-year low at P52.70, 21 centavos weaker than the P52.49-per-dollar finish the previous day.
Week-on-week, the peso also declined from its P52.55 finish on June 1.
Guian Angelo S. Dumalagan, market economist at Land Bank of the Philippines (LANDBANK), said the dollar will move sideways against the peso “due to sustained safe-haven demand amid geopolitical concerns abroad.”
In a Reuters report, US President Donald J. Trump announced that he was backing out of the Group of 7 communique after he left the summit in Canada, expressing his anger toward Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.
“PM Justin Trudeau of Canada acted so meek and mild during our G7 meetings only to give a news conference after I left saying that, ‘US tariffs were kind of insulting’ and he ‘will not be pushed around,’” Mr. Trump said in a tweet. “Very dishonest & weak. Our Tariffs are in response to his of 270% on dairy!”
In his press conference, Mr. Trudeau had spoken of the retaliatory measures that Canada would take in response to Mr. Trump’s decision to slap tariffs on steel and aluminum from Canada, Mexico and the European Union.
“While the culmination of the G7 summit reduces some tension in the geopolitical front, the issues left open by the said conference,” Mr. Dumalagan said.
He also noted that the meeting between the leaders of US and North Korea on June 12 “could prevent investors from breathing a sigh of relief.”
Mr. Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un are scheduled to hold a historic summit in Singapore to talk about the denuclearization of North Korea as well as peace in the Korean peninsula.
“Lingering geopolitical issues could prompt investors to hold on to the safer dollar and remain on the sidelines ahead of the June 12 Independence Day break,” Mr. Dumalagan added.
Meanwhile, another trader said the peso-dollar exchange would move sideways ahead of the Federal Open Market Committee meeting starting Wednesday.
The market is expecting the Federal Reserve to raise its benchmark rates following the same move in March.
Mr. Dumalagan noted that the market’s rate hike expectations “could improve the dollar’s relative attractiveness” in the coming days.
For this week, Mr. Dumalagan sees the peso to move between P52.30 and P52.90, while the trader gave a P52.40-P52.90 range. — Karl Angelo N. Vidal

BIR ordered to return P50 million in excess taxes to San Miguel

By Dane Angelo M. Enerio
THE Court of Tax Appeals (CTA) has granted San Miguel Holdings Corp. (SMHC) a partial tax refund of P50.61 million for “excessive” taxes collected by the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR).
In a 28-page June 6 decision penned by Associate Justice Caesar A. Casanova, CTA Second Division ordered the BIR to refund or to issue a tax credit certificate to SMHC over documentary stamp taxes (DST) collected for taxable year 2011.
According to the CA, the BIR’s tax claims stemmed from a July 19, 2011 Supreme Court (SC) decision between the BIR and Filinvest Development Corp. that ruled, among others, that instructional letters, and journal and cash vouchers extended to companies’ affiliates qualified as loan agreements upon which DST may be imposed.
Following the SC decision, the tax collecting agency issued Revenue Memorandum Circular (RMC) No. 48.2011 instructing all officials and employees engaged in the audit and reviews of cases to assess deficiency DST on similar transactions, if warranted.
“On July 21, 2014, SMHC received an undated Preliminary Assessment Notice (PAN) issued by the BIR for… deficiency taxes in connection with the examination of it internal revenue tax liabilities for the taxable year 2011,” the decision read.
It pointed out: “Based on the Details of Discrepancy attached to the PAN, the alleged deficiency DST assessment amounting to P110,623,457.19 was based on two transactions, which are; (1) Advances from SMC (San Miguel Corp.) and to related parties; and (2) Other Non-Current Assets under Finance Lease.”
SMHC paid P110.62 million, which includes interest up to July 31, 2014, surcharge and penalty, to the BIR under protest and “with a view of filing a claim of refund.”
On June 28, 2016, SMHC filed a letter for refund for P109.94 million, “allegedly representing DST erroneously and/or illegally collected from it by the BIR for taxable year 2011.”
Since the BIR did not act on its letter, SMHC filed the refund petition before the CTA.
The tax court ruled in favor of the BIR, saying, “intercompany loans and advances covered by mere office memo, instruction letter, and or/cash and journal vouchers qualify as loan agreements that are subject to DST.”
“It is clear that respondent is correct in applying the rule enunciated in the Filinvest case to determine petitioner’s deficiency DST,” the court said.
The CTA also ruled that the BIR’s right to assess had not prescribed and that SMHC’s administrative and judicial claims to refund were timely filed.
The tax court, however, agreed with SMHC’s argument that “assuming that it is liable for deficiency DST, its liability is only for the basic tax of P59,324,528.73, without the imposition of surcharge, interest, and penalty since it relied on existing court decision and BIR rulings at the time the advances were made.”
Citing the SC’s ruling on Michael J. Lhuillier Pawnshop, Inc. vs the BIR, the CTA said in the decision, “the settled rule is that good faith and honest belief that one is not subject to tax on the basis of previous interpretation of government agencies tasked to implement the tax law, are sufficient justification to delete the imposition of surcharges and interest.”
“Applying the foregoing, the Court is convinced that petitioner acted in good faith when it believed that intercompany advances are not subject to DST prior to the 2011 Filinvest case. After all, it was based on numerous rulings of the BIR that intercompany advances are not subject to DST. Moreover, the CA and CTA, the specialized body handling tax cases, also had similar rulings. Hence, petitioner cannot be faulted if it relied in good faith on these rulings,” the CTA added.
“Based on the above-cited case, and considering petitioner’s good faith in relying on previous court decisions and BIR rulings and its payment of the deficiency DST albeit under protest, the deletion of the imposition of surcharge and interest in the instant case is also proper,” the court ruled.
Those who concurred with Mr. Casanova’s decision were Associate Justices Juanito C. Castañeda, Jr. and Catherine T. Manahan.

Russian 2018 grain crop estimate slashed by forecasters

MOSCOW — Leading Russian agricultural consulting firms SovEcon and IKAR have cut their estimates for the country’s 2018 grain harvest due to cold wet conditions in the key spring wheat regions of Siberia and the Urals.
Russia, which gathered a record grains harvest of 135 million tons in 2017 due to favorable weather, is one of the world’s largest wheat exporters and is also an important producer of barley and corn.
SovEcon said on Saturday it had downgraded its forecast for the 2018 grain crop to 119.6 million tons from 126.2 million tons previously. The consultancy cut its outlook for wheat output by 3.9 million tons to 73.1 million tons.
IKAR said on Friday it had reduced its forecast for grain production to 114.7 million tons from 117 million tons previously. Its estimate for the wheat harvest was trimmed by 2 million tons to 71.5 million tons.
Despite this year’s poorer harvest outlook, Russia will have large stocks left from last season’s bumper crop once the 2018/19 marketing year starts on July 1.
The carry-over stocks will help Moscow keep exports high even if the 2018 crop is smaller, the agriculture ministry has said.
Russia usually exports grain to customers in Africa and the Middle East from farming regions around the Black Sea and the Azov Sea, far from Siberia and the Urals.
However, the two regions currently affected by chilly, rainy weather account for about 60 percent of Russia’s spring wheat crop, which totaled 24 million tons in 2017, SovEcon said in a note.
And while they are not crucial for overall exports from Russia, they are important for balancing supply and demand.
Citing the probability of poor crop yields due to the climate conditions, SovEcon reduced its estimate for Russia’s 2018 spring wheat crop to 19.1 million tons from 22.2 million tons previously.
“The key revision reason is very unfavorable weather in Siberia and the Urals in May. Too cold and too wet – poor yield is on cards for the region,” it added.
It also trimmed its estimate for Russia’s winter wheat crop by 800,000 tons to 54 million tons but said that it could upgrade it later if warm weather favors the Volga region.
It also played down industry concerns about dry weather in Russia’s export-focused southern regions, which mainly produce winter wheat, saying they were doing relatively well despite some issues in parts of the Krasnodar and Stavropol regions. — Reuters

DBP reports lower net income in first quarter

Development Bank of the Philippines (DBP) reported lower income in the first quarter, as it increased provisioning for credit losses.
In a statement, the state-run lender said it saw its net profit slip 15.5% to P1.09 billion in the January to March period, from the P1.29 billion booked in the same period last year.
DBP attributed the lower net income to “higher provisioning for credit losses consistent with the bank’s objective of maintaining portfolio quality and in compliance with new regulations.”
Despite this, DBP boosted its development lending activities during the first quarter as it released P223.24 billion in loans to borrowers, 16.86% higher year-on-year.
The bulk of the loan releases went to infrastructure and logistics at P83.93 billion. This was followed by loans to government owned and controlled corporations as well as government units (P63.8 billion), agriculture (P40 billion), social services (P31.7 billion), micro, small and medium enterprises (P16.4 billion), and environment (P16 billion).
DBP President Cecilia C. Borromeo said the increase in the bank’s loan portfolio was due to the establishment of lending groups and centers nationwide, streamlining client servicing, and loan processing.
“Our newly created provincial lending groups are proving to be effective channels for funding development projects in the countryside,” Ms. Borromeo was quoted as saying in the statement.
Earlier this year, the lender created seven lending groups and opened 22 lending centers across the country to fast-track the lending application process, leaving its 125 branches focusing on deposit-generation activities.
Meanwhile, DBP’s deposit base rose by 32.5% to P428.5 billion during the first three months of the year, from the P232.3 billion booked in a comparable year-ago period.
According to Ms. Borromeo, the higher deposit base was due to the newly opened branches across the country.
In the first quarter, the bank installed 81 new automated teller machines (ATM), nearly half of its target of 200 new ATMs this year.
“Out of the number, 69 ATMs were installed in provincial sites, in line with our commitment to bring banking services to the underserved areas,” Ms. Borromeo noted.
As of end-May, the bank’s total number of ATMs totalled 710 nationwide.
Overall, the bank’s gross income grew 9% in the first quarter to P5.77 billion from the P5.29 billion tallied in the same period last year. Net worth, meanwhile, grew to P47.8 billion by 3.49% from the P46.19 billion last year.
Ms. Borromeo said DBP will broaden its branch network this year by opening 10 new branches while expanding its ATM network.
Based on the latest central bank data, DBP was the eighth-biggest commercial bank in the country in asset terms as of end-2017 with P597 billion. — Karl Angelo N. Vidal

Syrian refugee launches luxury sneaker brand in France

LILLE, France — When Daniel Essa fled Syria in 2014, he faced an uncertain future as a refugee in France, where he knew few people and less French. Now he is selling his own brand of luxury sneakers to the wealthy of Paris and Hollywood.
The 30-year-old studied fashion in Damascus but abandoned hopes of a career in his homeland and fled the war to settle in Lille, near the Belgian border.
His simple but chic leather sneakers with a strip of stretchy fabric rather than laces sell for an average price of €330 ($390).
Actress Whoopi Goldberg placed an order after spotting a prototype pair on a friend’s feet at a fashion show in the United States and asked who the designer was, Essa told Reuters from a boutique that stocks 28 style of his shoes.
His first shop opens in the next two weeks. The shoes are already on sale in Beverly Hills, Paris and Ajaccio, Corsica.
Taught to sew by his grandmother, Essa had to persuade his parents that fashion was not just something for girls.
“The rest of my family was against it because it wasn’t a man’s job, it was a woman’s job. So it was our little secret between my grandmother and me, doing it behind my family’s back,” he said.
It was a tough decision to leave Damascus, which, unlike his home town of Homs, had escaped the worst of the fighting, especially as Essa had already set up a workshop and shop in the capital.
“We saw that the war had started to reach Damascus. There were attacks almost every day and I saw my friends and many families starting to leave one after the other — of course, the lucky ones, those who could afford to go.” He has not seen his family since he fled.
Each pair of Daniel Essa shoes is etched with a word under the tongue: “Freedom,” “Kisses,” or “Peace.”
“Everybody talks about world peace, but I really hope that one day we will have peace in our world,” Essa said. — Reuters

DoTr to decide on MPIC-Ayala’s MRT takeover by yearend

THE Department of Transportation (DoTr) targets to address the Metro Pacific Investment Corp. (MPIC) and Ayala Corp.’s unsolicited proposal for the rehabilitation and takeover of the Metro Rail Transit Line 3 (MRT-3) by the end of the year.
“Due diligence sila ngayon (is on-going). By end of the year, we will address their unsolicited proposal, after finishing maintenance and operating issues of the MRT-3… (then we’ll know) kung uusad ang unsolicited proposal nila (if their unsolicited proposal will progress),” Transport Secretary Arthur P. Tugade told reporters on the sidelines of the inauguration of the Mactan-Cebu International Airport Terminal 2 last week.
MPIC, in a consortium with the Ayala group and Macquarie Infrastructure Holdings (Philippines) Pte. Ltd., proposed to take over MRT-3’s operations last July 2017. Under the proposal, the consortium will be investing P20 billion for the system’s rehabilitation and will handle its operations for a period of 30 to 32 years.
The consortium’s proposal will double the MRT-3’s current capacity to 700,000 passengers a day. The railway connecting Quezon City’s North Avenue to Pasay City’s Taft Avenue has long been running at more than 500,000 passengers a day, well beyond its capacity of 350,000.
The DoTr granted the group, which already handles the operations of Light Rail Transit Line 1 (LRT-1), original proponent status (OPS) for the project in November.
It was during this time that the DoTr also terminated its contract with Busan Universal Rail, Inc. for MRT-3’s operations. The transport department alleged that BURI failed to ensure efficient and available trains, and failed to procure proper spare parts.
After securing OPS, an unsolicited proposal will have to be placed under review by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) board. A Swiss challenge will then be conducted wherein other groups may submit counter-proposals. The group with OPS has the advantage to match any counter-proposals in order to win the bid.
Lalabas ang Swiss challenge pag approved na ng NEDA, okay na lahat (We will have a Swiss challenge once the project is approved by NEDA),” Mr. Tugade said.
Recently, the DoTr said it has finalized talks with the Japanese government through Japan International Cooperation Agency for the three-year makeover of MRT-3. The department said that upgrading the railway is set to cost ¥34.48 billion, and will take 43 months.
The government is considering to tap the joint venture of Sumitomo and Mitsubishi Heavy, as they were MRT-3’s maintenance provider from 2000 to 2012.
MPIC is one of three key Philippine units of Hong Kong-based First Pacific Co. Ltd., the others being Philex Mining Corp. and PLDT, Inc. Hastings Holdings, Inc., a unit of PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund subsidiary MediaQuest Holdings, Inc., has a majority stake in BusinessWorld through the Philippine Star Group, which it controls. — Arra B. Francia

Yields on gov’t debt flat

By Christine J. S. Castañeda, Senior Researcher
YIELDS on government securities (GS) traded in the secondary market were flat last week over inflation results, the retail Treasury bond (RTB) offering, and developments abroad.
On average, GS yields — which move opposite to prices — grew by 2.59 basis points (bps), data from the Philippine Dealing & Exchange Corp. as of June 8 showed.
“Higher US yields, higher CPI (consumer price index) data and additional supply from the retail Treasury bond offering caused yields to inch slightly higher [last] week,” Carlyn Therese X. Dulay, head of institutional sales at Security Bank Corp., said.
A bond trader interviewed last Friday noted yields tracked the “still elevated inflation print from PSA (Philippine Statistics Authority), while BSP (Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas) Governor remains hawkish.”
For Land Bank of the Philippines (LANDBANK) market economist Guian Angelo S. Dumalagan: “GS yields increased [last] week due to better-than-expected US labor reports and hawkish expectations on the policy meetings of the US Federal Reserve and the ECB (European Central Bank).The US central bank is expected to hike rates again by another 25 bps, while the ECB is expected to discuss plans to taper its €30 billion monthly purchasing program.”
“The increase in yields was capped by last month’s weaker-than-expected domestic inflation and renewed geopolitical concerns ahead of the meeting between the US and North Korea and among G7 members,” he added.
In a report released last week, the PSA said that inflation rose to 4.6% in May, the fastest in at least five years. This was slower than the 4.9% median in a BusinessWorld poll which was also the estimate given by the Department of Finance. May’s pace matched the floor of the BSP’s 4.6-5.4% estimate range for the month.
Meanwhile, the government raised P121.77 billion from the sale of three-year RTBs maturing in 2021 at a coupon rate of 4.875%.
At the secondary market on Friday, in the short end of the curve, the 91-day and 182-day Treasury bills (T-bills) went down by 49.27 bps and 1.54 bps to yield 3.2680% and 3.6216%, respectively. The 364-day paper increased 6.08 basis points to 4.1787%.
In the belly, yields on the two-, three-, and four-year Treasury bonds (T-bonds) increased 2.74 bps (4.4488%), 9.07 bps (4.7915%), 46.18 bps (5.4214%). Yields on the five- and seven-year T-bonds also went up by 24.81 bps and 0.67 bps to 5.7020% and 5.7800%, respectively.
In the long end, the 10-, and 20-year T-bonds saw their yields go down by 0.17 bps and 12.68 bps to 6.0783% and 7.0857%.
For this week, Ms. Dulay said yields are expected to “remain rangebound to slightly higher, in anticipation of more supply of bills and bonds as well as the upcoming Fed rate decision.”
For his part, LANDBANK’s Mr. Dumalagan said: “[This] week, GS yields are still expected to rise amid likely upbeat US inflation data and possible hawkish moves or remarks from the US Federal Reserve and the ECB. Geopolitical concerns may continue to temper the increase in yields.”
“Yields will take their cue from US treasuries and RTB issuance settlement for direction,” a bond trader said.

Better-than-expected inflation seen to sustain lift

SHARES could move up overall in the shortened trading week ahead, with investors shrugging off any negative sentiment following better-than-expected inflation data reported last week.
The Philippine Stock Exchange index pulled back by 62.57 points or 0.80% to end at 7,740.74 on Friday, but was up by 1.45% or 110.48 points from its June 1 finish, ending three straight week-on-week declines that began on May 18.
The market was lifted from the preceding week by services, which gained 2%, alongside financials which jumped 1.9%. Trading was subdued as turnover averaged P5.3 billion, with net foreign selling amounting to P2.08 billion.
Trading this week will be interrupted by the Independence Day and the Islamic Eid al-Fitr holidays on June 12 and 15, respectively.
“Sessions rounded on the green side, as United States fund managers reverted attention to macro fundamentals and took a respite from trade spats,” online brokerage 2TradeAsia.com said in a weekly market note.
“At the local front, buyers took heart on better-than-expected inflation for May, as well as S&P’s credit rating upgrade on local bank.”
The Philippine Statistics Authority reported last week that inflation accelerated by 4.6% in May, marking a fresh five-year peak but falling below the Department of Finance’s estimate of 4.9% that was also the median of a BusinessWorld poll and at the low end of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas’ 4.6-5.4% target range for that month.
“(This) has calmed the jitters that investors have been experiencing in the last few months. The market continues to show signs of recovery after bouncing off the 7,500 support line last week. If it can sustain this momentum, we will start to see a reversal to test resistance at 8,000,” Eagle Equities, Inc. Research Head Christopher John Mangun said in a weekly market report.
Meanwhile, 2TradeAsia.com said that investors will be tracking international developments this week, including the results of the G7 Summit.
“What the market would abhor is for any discord, as the ideal direction is for leaders to work towards reconciliation. The summit will also provide clearer steps on US decision, whether to pullout from an earlier nuclear deal with Iran, as the outcome could take its toll on crude futures pricing,” the online brokerage said.
The US Federal Open Market Committee will also meet on June 12-13 to decide whether to hike benchmark interest rates even further.
“With only three trading days next week due to the holidays, the index will continue in this congestion area between 7,500 and 7,830 on low volume,” Eagle Equities’ Mr. Mangun said.
“The following weeks are going to be very crucial as investors will decide to start coming in or to stay on the sidelines and wait for a catalyst.”
The analyst placed market support at 7,500-7,625 and resistance at 7,830-7,900. — Arra B. Francia

Prada gets it. Luxury needs digital rich kids

By Andrea Felsted, Bloomberg Opinion
YOUNG, rich and surrounded by high-end toys.
This isn’t Rich Kids of Instagram we are talking about. It’s the new generation of leaders who are taking up roles within their families’ luxury businesses. And given the increasing influence of millennials, online and social media on top-range consumption, that’s just what storied fashion houses need.
Bloomberg News reported last week that Lorenzo Bertelli, the 30-year-old son of Prada’s co-chief executives, has joined the Italian group as head of digital communication. Up to now he’d mainly spent his time as a racing driver.
Four of LVMH Chairman Bernard Arnault’s children are already involved in the business. Last month the group tapped his 41-year-old son, Antoine Arnault, to oversee the group’s image and communications, including social media. This is on top of his roles as chief executive of Berluti and chairman of Loro Piana. Meanwhile, Richemont Chairman Johann Rupert last year elevated his 30-year-old son Anton to the board.
The family-controlled conglomerates have always sought to bring in fresh blood. But luxury adviser Mario Ortelli, of Ortelli & Co., says in the old days this would have involved putting younger generations in charge of emerging geographic markets.
Nowadays, the new frontier is digital, and that is exactly what many of the scions are slotting in.
For example, 26-year-old Alexandre Arnault is co-chief executive of Rimowa, and has been spearheading streetwear collaborations at the 120-year-old luggage label. He was also involved in LVMH’s recent investment in luxury e-commerce platform Lyst.
Luxury internet sales are growing faster than those through traditional channels. Consequently, the houses are accelerating their digital strategies, and looking to take more control of their sales online.
Fortunately, the younger generations share many characteristics with the millennial customers that top-end brands are desperately trying to court.
According to Bain & Co. and Altagamma, the Italian luxury association, younger customers are increasingly shaping the market. The analysts say groups must adopt a “millennial mindset” if they are to survive.
There are some differences in what younger customers want. They may be introduced to a brand through a logo T-shirt rather than a fragrance or pair of sunglasses, as in the past.
But customers of all ages not only want beautiful products, they demand seamless online service, and a relationship with a brand that is more than transactional, often through social media.
Bain forecasts continued strong growth for the luxury industry this year. There are still risks. Shares in Gucci owner Kering SA and LVMH fell on Thursday after Luca Solca, Exane BNP Paribas analyst, said he saw evidence of a possible slowdown in Chinese demand.
As I have argued, there is a risk that the bling party, which has been in full swing for much of the past two years, starts to lose its fizz over the course of 2018.
There will be few hiding places if this happens. But having a strong online presence, and a plentiful supply of new, younger customers, will help.
When the downturn hits, those rich kids of luxury could turn out to be a valuable corporate asset.

$24-billion stock wipeout attracts top fund to the Philippines

PSE
THE PHILIPPINE Stock Exchange index has slumped around 18% from February to May. — PHILSTAR/KRIZ JOHN ROSALES

AFTER losing $24 billion in value from its January peak, Philippine stocks are ready for a comeback.
That’s according to Alan Richardson, an investment manager at Samsung Asset Management Co., whose fund has beaten 95% of peers over the past five years. The country’s benchmark equity index slumped about 18% from February to May and has finally reached a bottom, he said in an interview.
“It has already priced in all the negatives on capital markets caused by US liquidity tightening,” Mr. Richardson said. “Just mean reversion on getting less worse is enough to make 10% or more.”
Foreign outflows have reached almost $1 billion this year and the benchmark index has slipped 9.6% through yesterday’s close, making it the Asia’s worst performing stock market in 2018.
Mr. Richardson upgraded Philippine shares to overweight from underweight, two weeks after he did the same with Indonesian stocks. The Jakarta Composite Index has gained 1.9% since he went public with his bullish stance.
The Philippine Stock Exchange Index has rebounded 3.5% from a 14-month low on May 30. Analysts at Credit Suisse Group AG said the gauge has neared bottom in a report published June 7, but emphasized that “remaining headwinds should limit any bounce in shares,” citing slowing earnings growth, rising US bond yields and risks to headline inflation.
Still, Mr. Richardson thinks Philippines stocks will rally. He prefers local banks such as Bank of the Philippine Islands and Metropolitan Bank & Trust Co., as well as companies that have low valuations with the potential for earnings to recover like DMCI Holdings, Inc., GT Capital Holdings, Inc. and Semirara Mining and Power Corp.
“What is there not to be positive about? Growth is still 10%, markets have fallen on US liquidity tightening, which is not going to get any worse, and fundamentals haven’t been impacted,” he said. — Bloomberg

China’s love affair with oak proves to be a mixed blessing for France

PARIS/BEIJING — Times are good for oak tree growers in France.
Exports of oak logs have soared and so have prices, largely because of demand from China. Beijing banned commercial timber harvests last year and Chinese millennials have developed a taste for high-quality wooden floors and furniture from Europe.
But boom for France’s exporters could mean bust for some of the country’s 550 sawmills.
French oak producers have traditionally sold oak logs to the mills, which then cut them into lumber for making products ranging from floors and furniture to coffins and wine barrels.
But now, private forest owners have started selling logs directly to Chinese buyers because they are ready to pay higher prices and do the processing themselves.
This has left many French sawmills short of wood to process and struggling to fulfill orders.
“The problem is that oak has never been as expensive in France and we, the processors, have never had as little of it,” David Chavot, head of the Margaritelli Fontaines sawmill, said at the mill in eastern France.
Sawmills with big stocks of oak are safe for now but will face problems buying new stock because they cannot afford the higher prices, said Nicolas Douzain-Didier, head of France’s National Forest Association (FNB).
Smaller ones will lose customers and shed jobs, he said.
“The most fragile will go under, one after another,” Douzain-Didier told Reuters.
About 26,000 jobs are directly linked to the oak industry in France, the world’s third largest producer. By late March, about 80% of French sawmills had 30% less stock than they needed to fulfill orders.
Any job losses would be politically awkward for President Emmanuel Macron, who has made reducing unemployment a priority. The sawmill producers have appealed to him for help but a crisis meeting organized by France’s farm minister with producers and sawmill bosses in March failed to secure a compromise.
France has tried to regulate the industry by imposing an “EU label” on logs coming from public forests, meaning they must be processed in the European Union. But French sawmills say there are ways to bypass the EU label system and want a similar label applied to privately owned forests, which account for nearly 80% of wooded areas in France.
For oak growers, who usually cut trees when they are from 100 to 150 years old, the price rise is a welcome rebound after a sharp fall in the late 2000s caused by low demand.
“They (the sawmills) need to live but so do we,” said Antoine d’Amecourt, who led the private forest owners who attended the March meeting with farm minister Stéphane Travert.
“Owners prefer the wood to be processed in France but they need to regenerate forests for the next generations,” he said, explaining it made little difference where the oak is processed.
China is the world’s largest timber importer and its needs are growing, according to Chinese officials.
To meet the booming demand, Chinese manufacturers have had to buy oak abroad since commercial timber harvests were banned to protect natural forests after decades of over-cutting.
In Foshan, a furniture trading hub in China’s Guangdong province, traders say demand is propped up by young and affluent people who like European interior design.
Almost 90% of solid composite wooden floors in China are now made of oak, a sharp rise from the early 2000s, according to Chinese floor-maker Fudeli Flooring
“At least 70% of our customers buying French oak floors are millennials born in the ’80s and ’90s,” said Chen Deyi, a local dealer for Fudeli Flooring.
At the Louvre, a vast and lavish furniture exhibition center in Foshan, customers can find luxury brands such as Versace and Bentley Home. For many, prices are not the biggest concern.
“I don’t have a particular budget in mind but I feel prices are okay here,” said newly wed Liu Zhipeng, who works for an insurance company.
Hoping to cash in on the high demand, Hong Kong-based Four Seasons Furniture has launched a French oak furniture collection. A small side table made of French white oak costs 3,680 yuan ($576).
“We just recently started promoting French oak furniture inside China. It used to be more export-focused as appreciation for this type of wood was not as robust,” said Candy Zhu, a sales manager at the Louvre exhibition center.
French oak log exports to China rose 35% in the year to January 2018 and now account for 70% of all French oak log exports, according to FNB data.
This makes France the second largest supplier of oak logs to China, ahead of Russia and behind the United States. Business is not expected to be affected by the current trade dispute between Washington and Beijing, industry experts say.
Prices for some oak logs have doubled in France since 2009 while the prices of other species, such as beech and pine, have fallen over the same period, according to FNB data. — Reuters

Philippine trade year-on-year performance