TOKYO — The Bank of Japan (BoJ) will proceed cautiously with inflation-targeting frameworks, Governor Kazuo Ueda said on Monday, noting that some challenges are “uniquely difficult” for Japan after years of ultra-easy monetary policy.

In an opening speech to a BoJ-hosted conference in Tokyo on central banking, Mr. Ueda said Japan has “made progress in moving away from zero and lifting inflation expectations.”

To achieve 2% inflation in a sustainable and stable manner, the BoJ “will proceed cautiously, as do other central banks with inflation-targeting frameworks,” he said.

“While many of the challenges we face are similar to those encountered by our counterparts, some are uniquely difficult for us,” the BoJ chief added.

Mr. Ueda noted that estimating the neutral interest rate accurately is particularly challenging in Japan, given the prolonged period of near-zero short-term interest rates over the past three decades.

“The absence of significant interest rate movements poses a considerable obstacle in assessing the economy’s response to changes in interest rates,” he said.

At the same conference, BoJ Deputy Governor Shinichi Uchida said the end of Japan’s battle against persistent deflation is in sight, but acknowledged that anchoring inflation expectations to the 2% target is “a big challenge.”

Labor market conditions have changed structurally and irreversibly, helping resolve the original causes of deflation such as excess labor supply, Mr. Uchida said.

“We returned to a conventional monetary policy framework, aiming at a 2% price stability target through adjustments of the short-term policy rate, which means we have overcome the zero lower bound,” he said.

In a landmark move in March, the BoJ ended eight years of negative interest rates and other remnants of its radical stimulus as it judged that sustained achievement of its 2% inflation target was in sight.

Mr. Ueda has said the central bank intends to hike rates to levels considered neutral for the economy, as long as growth and inflation move in line with its projections.

Markets are expecting the BoJ to soon embark on a full-fledged tapering of bond purchases, sending the 10-year Japanese government bond yield to a 12-year high last week. They are also pricing in an interest rate hike to at least 0.20% by the end of the year. — Reuters

STRESA — Japan renewed its push to counter excessive yen falls during a weekend gathering of Group of Seven (G7) finance leaders, after a recent rise in bond yields to a 12-year high failed to slow the currency’s stubborn decline.

The effort by the government and central bank underscores the dilemma policy makers face as they seek to balance the need to arrest sharp yen drops that hurt consumption, while keeping borrowing costs low to underpin a fragile economy.

After lobbying by Japan, the G7 finance ministers reaffirmed in a communique issued after their meeting in Italy on Saturday their commitment cautioning against excess volatility in foreign exchange rates.

The agreement came after Japan’s top currency diplomat Masato Kanda on Friday talked up the chance of renewed currency-market intervention, telling reporters that Tokyo stood ready to act “any time” to counter excessive yen movement.

“If there are excessively volatile moves that have an adverse effect on the economy, we need to take action, and doing so would be justified,” he said.

Bank of Japan (BoJ) Governor Kazuo Ueda, who also attended the G7 meeting, signaled that soft consumption or rising bond yields will not get in the way of normalizing monetary policy.

Mr. Ueda said on Thursday a slump in first-quarter gross domestic product did not change the BoJ’s view that Japan’s economy was on track for a moderate recovery. Analysts have said the BoJ will likely raise interest rates in coming months if the economy moves in line with its forecasts.

He also refrained from speaking against a recent rise in the 10-year bond yield to a 12-year high, that was driven in part by market expectation the BoJ will soon embark on a full-fledged tapering of bond purchases.

“Our basic stance is for long-term interest rates to be set by markets,” Mr. Ueda said when asked about recent rises in Japan’s long-term rates.

The remarks followed a slew of hawkish signals by the BoJ that has heightened market expectation of a near-term hike in interest rates, or a scale-back in its huge bond purchases.

Mr. Ueda has ruled out using monetary policy to influence yen movement. But he escalated his rhetoric against the impact a weak yen could have on inflation, after the currency’s plunge led to suspected yen-buying intervention by the government on April 29 and May 2.

A Reuters poll showed many analysts project the BoJ to hike rates either in the third or fourth quarter this year.

DATA CLOUDS OUTLOOK
Mr. Ueda also signaled the BoJ’s readiness to slow but steadily raise interest rates, if inflation durably hits its 2% target in coming years as projected.

But data so far have not been promising. Consumption is weak as wage hikes have yet to catch up to the rising cost of living.

Service-sector inflation, closely watched by the BoJ as a key indicator of underlying price trends, also remains flat.

“Services inflation likely peaked out,” said Junichi Makino, chief economist at SMBC Nikko Securities. “It doesn’t seem like underlying inflation will accelerate towards 2%.”

Given such weak signs in the economy, some analysts are shifting attention to whether the BoJ will taper its bond-buying as part of efforts to slow the yen’s decline.

Mr. Ueda has ruled out using the BoJ’s bond-buying as a monetary policy tool, after having exited its radical monetary stimulus in March. But markets remain fixated on the BoJ’s market operations for clues on when it will start to taper.

Some analysts expect the BoJ to decide on slashing bond purchases as early as its next policy meeting in June.

Market expectations of a near-term tapering helped pushed the benchmark 10-year Japanese government bond yield to a 12-year high of 1.005% on Friday.

But the rise in yields has failed to give the yen JPY=EBS much boost. It stood at 156.98 to the US dollar on Friday, not far from the more than three-week low of 157.19 touched on Thursday.

“While markets seem excited about the chance of a policy shift, the BoJ is probably cool-headed about all this,” said Daiwa Securities chief market economist Mari Iwashita, who rules out the chance of a taper decision in June.

“Besides, there’s no guarantee such action could stop the yen’s fall.” — Reuters