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ADB annual meeting in May to tackle lagging economies

THE 51ST Annual Meeting of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in Manila this year will focus on economies left behind amid Asia’s rapid expansion.

“As you know in the last 50 years the ADB has been very successful in improving the standard of living among its members. However, when you have successes like that you create new situations that have to be addressed,” Finance Secretary and Chairman of the ADB Board of Governors Carlos G. Dominguez III said in a statement.

Mr. Dominguez said that the Bank has been successful in improving living standards across the Asia Pacific, but now has to contend with new problems arising from the region’s economic resurgence.

“When the tide rises, all boats rise. Unfortunately, in economies, that doesn’t happen all the time. There are some communities that are not as progressive and vital as other sectors,” he said.

The Philippines will host the 51st Annual Meeting of the ADB Board of Governors in Manila on May 3-6 with the focus on “Linking People and Economies for Inclusive Development.” 

Mr. Dominguez said in his closing remarks in last year’s meeting that the regional lender should “begin a process of reinvention” so that its programs can realign to meet new global realities.

These new realities, he said, include the shifting of the balance of economic power to Asia, the rising economic nationalism and hostility to globalization in the US and Europe, and the emergence of new multilateral lending institutions such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.

The 2018 agenda will take off from last year’s annual meeting in Yokohoma, Japan, where the Board of Governors committed to strengthen efforts to develop infrastructure, collectively strengthen the region’s resilience amid growing global economic uncertainties now that Asia is expected to lead global growth, according to Mr. Dominguez.

“The economic balance of power has shifted. Asia is now expected to lead global growth. We cannot be content to simply track the development experience of the West,” he said.

He also expressed caution over emerging protectionist and anti-globalization policies in the US and European economies.

As for the Philippines, the key elements of its inclusive growth strategy are a “massive infrastructure program to bring us up to par with the region and a comprehensive tax reform package that will support robust economic investments in the country’s future,” he said.

“The first element is indispensable. For decades, the country lagged behind its neighbors in economic investments as we grappled with a debt overhang. We have to close the infra gap to achieve investment-led growth and evolve a truly inclusive economy,” he said. — Elijah Joseph C. Tubayan

How PSEi member stocks performed — January 25, 2018

Here’s a quick glance at how PSEi stocks fared on Thursday, January 25, 2018.

Nation at a Glance — (01/26/18)

News stories from across the nation. Visit www.bworldonline.com (section: The Nation) to read more national and regional news from the Philippines.

Positive impact finance

Developed by a group of banking and investor members of the United Nations Environment Programme Financial Institutions (UNEP-FI), the Positive Impact  Principles are a set of guidelines to promote the development of positive impact business and finance which  contribute to the achievement of sustainable development and, in particular, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).

The principles, making the shift to a new business paradigm and form of interaction to finance the SDGs, was introduced to members in the Asia Pacific region during the UNEP-FI Regional Roundtable in Tokyo, Japan last month which this writer was privileged to attend.

In brief, the development of a dedicated set of principles serves to guide financiers and investors in their efforts to increase their positive impact on the economy, society and the environment.    

It is a set of guidelines for the principal players. Financiers shall be able to identify, promote and communicate about positive impact finance across their portfolios. Investors and donors are enjoined to holistically evaluate the impact of their investments and direct their investment choices and engagements accordingly. Auditors and raters shall provide financiers, investors and their stakeholders with the verification, certification and rating services needed to promote the development of positive impact finance.

The principles have four components: definition, frameworks, transparency and assessment. By providing a common language to the finance community and for a broader set of stakeholders, the principles are expected to constitute an important step in unlocking the  opportunities in SDGs and overcoming the funding gap for sustainable development.

Principle One defines positive impact finance as that which serves to finance positive impact business. It is that which serves to deliver a positive contribution to one or more of the three pillars of sustainable development (economic, environmental and social) once any potential negative impact to any of the pillars have been identified and investigated.

Principle Two, on frameworks, exhorts entities (financial or non-financial) to have adequate process, methodologies and tools to identify and monitor the positive impact of the activities, projects, programmes, and/or entities financed or invested in.

Principle Three asks the entities to provide transparency and disclosure on the following: (1) The activities, projects, programs, and/or entities financed considered and intended positive impact; (2) The processes they have in place to determine eligibility, and to monitor and to verify impacts; and

(3) The impact achieved by the activities, projects, and programs, and the entities financed. The intended use of funds released via financial instruments and their intended contribution should be clearly marked on the corresponding documentation.

Finally, Principle Four recommends that assessment be based on the actual impact achieved. The assessment can be internally processed, i.e. for internal monitoring and evaluation purposes, or undertaken by qualified third parties (e.g. auditing companies, research-providers and rating agencies), for certification and/or rating purposes.

The basic rationale for these principles is the realization that it is not enough to just change gears towards forward-looking risk management approaches like scenario analysis and stress testing approaches.

Whereas previously the tack was to mitigate the risks, this time it is to  identify clear solutions. The challenge is to focus on growing the pool of finance available to deliver positive impact.

As The Economist aptly puts it, “cutting emission will not be enough to keep global warming in check. Greenhouse gasses must also be scrubbed from the air.” This is an example of taking clear actions to achieve a positive effect, not just to ensure that actions taken will have less negative outcomes.

The principles are designed to grow the financing of sustainable development solutions by making the finance industry a catalyst for change. The importance of clearly setting measurable targets ensures that outcomes will stand validation and scrutiny. It is consistent with the mindset that what we cannot measure, we cannot control. It is a pro-active approach that puts substance to what UNEP-FI aims about changing finance by adopting a precautionary approach to environment and social issues.

Benel D. Lagua is Executive Vice-President at the Development Bank of the Philippines. He is an active FINEX member and a long time advocate of risk-based lending for SMEs.

Samsung unveils 2018 editions of Galaxy A8 and A8+

What was originally introduced as a step lower than the flagship Galaxy S Series, Samsung’s Galaxy A Series has now been promoted to flagship status for having features usually found in Samsung’s high end Galaxy S and Galaxy Note series.

“The difference with this is that [the 2018 edition of the A series] caters to a younger market,” Nico Gonzales, Samsung Electronics Philippines Corp.’s marketing manager for core smartphones, told the media shortly after the launch on Jan. 18 in the Penthouse 8747 in Makati City.

The Samsung Galaxy A8 (2018) and A8+ (2018) both sport a dual front camera (16MP+8MP f1.9) with live focus and adjustable blur for those “bokeh shots” and a 16MP f1.7 rear shooter. The display — dubbed the “Infinity Display” — features an 18:5:9 display ratio for a “cinematic viewing experience,” according to the company release.

Both phones are dual-sim capable, have ROMs expandable up to 256GB and has a face recognition feature. These also come with Samsung’s virtual assistant Bixby though the phones comes sans a dedicated Bixby button present in Galaxy S8.

The phones are available in either gold or black.

The-Galaxy-A8-highlighting-its-IP68-feature
The Galaxy A8 (pictured) and A8+ are water- and dust-resistant. — PHOTO: Samsung

Another feature of note is that the A8 and A8+ are water- and dust-resistant, which means the phones are virtually unfazed even when submerged in up to 1.5 meters of freshwater for up to 30 minutes and can withstand sweat, rain, sand and dust.

Aside from the cosmetic differences between the two phones — the A8 stands at 5.6 inches and 172 grams while A8+ is at 6 inches and 191 grams — the A8+ also contains a larger battery capacity of 3,500 mAh compared to A8’s 3000 mAh.

A8+’s RAM is also bigger at 6 GB and internal memory is at 64GB while A8 has a not-too-shabby 4 GB RAM and 32 GB internal memory.

All these features come with a price tag of P26,990 for the A8 and P32,990 for the A8+. In comparison, last year’s flagship, the S8 is now sold online (as of this writing) in Lazada for P31,990 for the 64GB model and the S8+ 64GB model is at P34,890.

So what makes A8/A8+ preferable over last year’s flagship which is only a couple thousand pesos more than the new launches?

Well, it all comes down to its target market, said Mr. Gonzales as the A8 is targeted towards millennials who want a phone “that can experience everything along with them and capture those moments.”

The-Samsung-Galaxy-A8+
Samsung Galaxy A8+ retails for P32,990. — PHOTO: Samsung

“What we envision with this is you get all the flagship features but still have enough to experience other things,” he said.

Compared to the launch price of the S8 (P39,990) and S8+ (P45,990), it is certainly cheaper and once the S9 rolls out this year, A8 will a cheaper alternative, though not by much.

And in terms of A8’s entry into the dual camera selfie market — of which Chinese brands such as OPPO (F3), Vivo (V5 Plus) and Huawei (Nova 2i), among others, currently reign supreme–this isn’t because they wanted to compete in this segment, Mr. Gonzales said but is a reaction to “the clamor from the target market for better selfies.”

“We thought it was about time we release our own version of a dual front camera,” he said.

Whether other phones from the Korean company will sport this feature, Mr. Gonzales is keeping mum.

Both phones will be available late January. For more details on where to buy the Galaxy A* and A8+, visit Samsung PH’s Facebook page or its website at samsung.com/ph. — Zsarlene B. Chua

Millennial‑run crowdfunding platform brings ‘bayanihan’ to entreps

The saying “nothing is original” can’t be truer in the context of crowdfunding. The practice of raising small amounts of money from strangers via the internet is really is no different from the Filipino spirit of “bayanihan”—just sans the actual manual physical labor of lifting up the stilts of a nipa hut.

Over on The Spark Project, strangers are lifting each other up by helping creative entrepreneurs fund projects: a gamut of products and services that include Internet-of-Things-enabled door sensors, classroom painting projects, virtual conferences, and even the “first Filipino watch brand” that has the word “Manila” placed on the bezel.

Crowdfunding is a “smart way” for startups to get funding, says The Spark Project’s CEO and founder Patch Dulay, who calls himself a “startup enabler.”

“With traditional sources of funding such as banks, if you’re a starting entrepreneur you don’t have a credit line yet, so you won’t have access to that,” he told SparkUp in an interview. “Competitions, yes it’s a good jump‑off point, but only a few get the prize. Sometimes it’s not even monetary. Investors are picky as they also have limitations, so it’s hard for entrepreneurs to rely on other people’s decisions.”

Dulay launched the platform in 2013, inspired by American crowdfunding sites like Kickstarter and Indiegogo that both provides artists and new entrepreneurs with an avenue to raise funds for their projects or products.

“I couldn’t participate in the platforms since they were limited to the U.S.,” he said. “I thought, “Why not have one in the Philippines?’”

The spark was immediately followed by action. At that time, Dulay immersed himself in the community entrepreneurs, even taking global e‑business in France during the time when social media and the latest developments in Web 2.0—the tech jargon referring to the second generation of the World Wide Web where developers moved from static HTML pages to more interactive web experience—were starting to flourish.

Upon returning to the Philippines in 2011, he was exposed to social entrepreneurship and to the then‑emerging tech startup community in the Philippines.

“One of the reasons why I wanted to go back home was I felt that I have always had a calling or need to do something significant with the work that I do,” he said. “And when I was thinking about what I was doing then when I just finished my master’s degree, I knew that by going back to the Philippines, I can make most impact.”

Combining his expertise in information technology and exposure entrepreneurship, he took the plunge and introduced The Spark Project.

To date, a total of ₱5.8 million from some 2,678 backers has already been raised for 63 projects through platform.

“These startups are really good, they have amazing projects and concepts, but a lot of them funding is really one of the resources that they don’t having an access to,” he said. “I thought, why not bring crowdfunding to the Philippines because I knew it could help a lot of entrepreneurs.”

Supporting local creatives

In choosing projects in the platform, Dulay said they prioritize local creative enterprises that already have a prototype of their products.

“Through the review process, we check if they are real people and if what they are trying to crowdfund isn’t just a concept. They must already have began certain activities that ensure they have already studied their project and they know how to execute it,” he explained.

They help enterprises identify the amount of money needed to be raised by providing them with historical statistics. In crowdfunding, he also learned, time is of the essence.

“A campaign longer than 30‑45 days would just drag or come out with the same result,” he pointed out. Better to limit it to less than that.

More than money

While crowdfunding has helped fund a plethora of projects, Dulay noted that not all types of business are suitable for it.

“Crowdfunding is not for everyone. Right now in the Philippines, most of the crowdfunding successes are more product-driven or more product-based business,” he said.

There is also no assurance that it can help attaining one’s required amount of money. But Dulay said it is a “good alternative” to the traditional practices of sourcing money for startups.

“Crowdfunding allows businesses to take matter in their own hands and in making their ideas happen,” he said. “It attracts passionate entrepreneurs who want to get things rolling.”

He added, “Sometimes when you asked entrepreneurs, they don’t need millions of pesos to start, sometimes all they need is a hundred thousand to get the first batch running and from there they can already sustain operation.”

According to Dulay, the benefits that enterprises can get from crowdfunding are beyond mere cash. Through it, he said businesses can “validate their idea to see if people are responsive to the product or service they are putting.” Crowdfunding, he added, is a “smart way of doing business” because it gives entrepreneurs access to their potential customers. A lot of creative entrepreneurs, in fact, use it to pre-sell their products.

“What makes crowdfunding interesting is that people don’t just give money to a project,” he said. “They give money with the understanding that the project would give them rewards in return, which may vary depending on the project or the amount of money that you give.”

At present,  crowdfunding in the Philippines, according to Dulay, is just at the “infancy stage,” but he is optimistic that with proper education and government’s support, its potential could be “unlocked” to benefit small businesses and the country’s economy at large.

“There’s still a lot of room to grow,” he finally said. “I’m still hopeful that more people and more entrepreneurs see the value of crowdfunding and see it as a viable means to raise funds and build their business.”

Economic expansion to ease — BMI

PHILIPPINE economic growth is expected to moderate until next year — due largely to base effects from 2016’s election-related boost and a “deterioration of the business environment” — but will remain “very respectable” by regional standards, Fitch Group unit BMI Research said in a Jan. 23 note.

“We continue to expect the economy to grow at a more moderate pace over the coming quarters and maintain our real GDP (gross domestic product) forecast at 6.3% in 2018 and 6.2% in 2019,” BMI Research said in a Jan. 23 report.

If realized, BMI’s forecast is slower than the actual 6.7% recorded for 2017 and 2016’s 6.9%, and will fall short of the government’s 7-8% GDP target for 2018 to 2022.

The Fitch unit said that the projections are “still strong by regional and historical standards and this will be supported by positive demographic trends, a strong public infrastructure drive and deepening economic cooperation with China.”

However, BMI flagged a “worsening business environment” that it says will drag private investment growth in the near term.

It noted that fixed capital formation slowed to 10.3% last year from 25.2% in 2016. Broken down, construction growth slowed to 5.7% from 15.1% while expansion of spending on durable equipment slowed to 12.2% last year from 34.5% in 2016.

“In our view, the slowdown in investment is indicative that the Duterte administration’s violent anti-drug war has likely had a negative impact on investor sentiment, while a rise in (US President Donald) Trump’s protectionist rhetoric has led many US investors to adopt a wait-and-see approach with regard to new ventures in locating their business offshore,” BMI said.

“We believe that these concerns will continue to weigh on new investment commitments into the BPO (business process outsourcing) sector in 2018, particularly given that the US is one of the largest investors in the Philippines’ business processing sector.”

Socioeconomic Planning Secretary Ernesto M. Pernia has said that the slowdown of service exports growth in the last quarter for 2017 to 12.6% from 19.9% the preceding year, can be attributed partly to the BPO industry noting that it “is ripe to move into higher value added services.”

Spending — long an anchor of overall economic growth — has also slowed. Household spending growth slowed to 5.8% last year from seven percent in 2016, while increase of state disbursements eased to 7.3% from 8.4% over the same comparative years “largely as a result of base effects due to election spending in 2016.”

BMI said it expects “unfavorable base effects to be carried forward into 2018 and forecast government consumption growth to slow further over the coming quarters.

Still, BMI said that increased foreign investments from close ties with China and Japan, as well as the government’s P8-trillion medium term infrastructure push — to be funded partly by tax reform like the recently enacted Republic Act No. 10963 or the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Act (TRAIN) — will sustain the Philippines’ strong economic outlook.

“While growth headwinds are mounting in the near term as the business environment deteriorates, we believe that the Philippine economy will continue to be buoyed by strong demographic trends supporting savings, increased trade and investment links with China and Japan, as well as a strong public infrastructure drive. This should see real GDP growth in the Philippines average above six percent over the medium term,” the Fitch unit said.

“Furthermore, on the fiscal reform front, the government has overhauled the tax system, which is expected to boost government revenue and create a more equitable and efficient tax system. This should allow the government to carry out its ambitious public infrastructure development plans,” BMI said in its note.

“This will likely go some way in improving the country’s poor infrastructure, which has long prevented the Philippines from reaching its growth potential.”

The Department of Finance expects P90 billion in incremental revenues this year from TRAIN, growing to P786.4 billion by 2022.

The law also automatically earmarks 70% of the overall additional revenues to the government’s infrastructure program.

The TRAIN cuts personal income tax as well as estate and donors tax rates,while withdrawing some value-added tax exemptions, raising taxes on fuel, automobiles, tobacco, minerals, coal and documentary stamps, among other items, while slapping new levies on sugar-sweetened beverages and some cosmetic procedures, among others.

It is one of up to five tax reform packages that are cumulatively expected to shoulder up to a fourth of the planned P8-trillion spending on infrastucture until 2022, when Mr. Duterte ends his six-year term. — Elijah Joseph C. Tubayan

Spending challenges flagged amid GDP growth

STANDARD CHARTERED Bank sees “steady” Philippine economic growth in 2018 on the back of an infrastructure development push, even as it expects state spending on this item to fall short of target due to local bottlenecks.

And with inflation picking up, the bank now expects the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) to hike policy rates twice by 25 basis points (bps) each within the year after keeping monetary policy steady since the last increase in September 2014.

The bank’s report was prepared in December, before the government reported fourth-quarter and full-year 2017 gross domestic product (GDP) data last Tuesday.

“We forecast steady GDP growth of 6.7% in both 2017 and 2018,” Standard Chartered said in its Global Focus — Economic Outlook 2018 report, falling short of the 7-8% growth target the government has adopted for this year until 2022, when President Rodrigo R. Duterte ends his six-year term.

Chidu Narayanan, economist at Standard Chartered, told reporters in a briefing in Makati City: “We expect a lot more of planned infrastructure coming on board in 2018, which should the biggest driver of growth in the year.”

The government plans to hike its spending on infrastructure to P1.84 trillion, or 7.3% of GDP, in 2022 from P1.098 trillion or 6.3% this year as part of an P8.13-trillion program until Mr. Duterte finishes his term.

At the same time, Standard Chartered expects infrastructure investment to “fall short of the government target due to operational issues at the district level and bureaucratic red tape.”

On Tuesday, the Philippine Statistics Authority reported that the country’s GDP grew by 6.7% in 2017, matching market expectations and falling within the government’s 6.5-7.5% target, though slower than 2016’s 6.9%.

Standard Chartered also expects the country’s inflation to edge up further this year.

“We raised our forecasts and now expect average inflation of 3.5% in 2018 (previous forecast: 3.2%)” from 2017’s actual 3.2%, the report read.

“Higher infrastructure investment and government tax reform… should add 0.3-0.5 [percentage points] to headline inflation,” the report added, as it saw headline inflation peaking at 3.8% “in June-July.”

“We expect the central bank to look through inflationary pressure arising from tax reform, but to view rapid credit growth as a source of concern,” Standard Chartered said.

With this backdrop, the bank now expects “moderate tightening” of monetary policy, consisting of two interest rate increases by the BSP — each by 25 bps — by the third quarter, taking the policy rate to 3.5%. The BSP’s Monetary Board is scheduled to hold its first of eight planned policy reviews this year on Feb. 8. — Karl Angelo N. Vidal

Duterte’s building boom may be expats’ ticket home

PRESIDENT Rodrigo R. Duterte’s plan to supercharge growth with a $180-billion infrastructure program is running into a roadblock: a lot of the people he needs to build all the roads, bridges, airports and railways are working abroad.

For decades, the Philippines has relied on money sent home from an army of nannies, maids, mariners, nurses and construction workers who can sometimes earn salaries of more than four times higher abroad.

With Mr. Duterte raising billions of dollars in debt and taxes to upgrade the nation’s creaky transport network — ranked worse than that of Sri Lanka and Vietnam by the World Economic Forum — the loss of skilled personnel is causing a labor crunch that is pushing up wages and home prices.

“The labor shortage is an issue that’s hounding the construction industry,” said Jan Paul Custodio, senior director at property consultant Santos Knight Frank in Manila. “There’s definitely a need for further skills training, now more than ever. There needs to be a boost to any repatriation program.”

The economy expanded 6.7% last year and the World Bank has said higher investment is critical to sustaining that pace of expansion.

Under a policy named “Build, Build, Build,” Mr. Duterte plans to boost infrastructure spending to 7.3% of gross domestic product by 2022 from 6.3% this year.

First up is a new terminal at Clark International Airport — the former US airbase north of Manila — that would triple its capacity to 12 million passengers a year.

Other projects due to start this year include Manila’s first subway and a 102 kilometer (63 mile) railway in Mindanao, an island in the south of the country that is under martial law following a five-month battle with Islamic militants.

To help finance the bonanza, the government passed a tax law last month designed to add more than P180 billion to government coffers by 2020.

But a large chunk of the financing will come from China and Japan, which are vying to win orders for their companies and build stronger ties with their Southeast Asian neighbor. The two have pledged $9 billion of loans and grants each.

Mr. Duterte has room to borrow after the previous administration ran a tight fiscal policy with a budget deficit goal of only two percent of GDP. The president, who took office in mid-2016, is seeking to widen that to 3% from 2018 to 2022.

“The Philippines can afford to do that, and I don’t see a problem in the next two years,” said Euben Paracuelles, an economist at Nomura Holdings Inc. in Singapore.

“Further out, there lies the question.”

The bigger challenge will be finding engineers and qualified staff to operate the cranes, earth movers and heavy equipment. More than a million Filipinos leave each year.

“The lack of skilled laborers poses an increasingly large constraint on the sector’s growth” resulting in project delays and cost overruns, according to Raphael Mok, senior analyst for Asia at BMI Research in Singapore.

A failure to push through Mr. Duterte’s infrastructure plans could adversely affect the country’s growth prospects, he said.

The Philippines scored 51.8 out of 100 in BMI’s labor market risk index, which measures the availability, level of skill and cost of workers. That’s compared with 74.9 for Singapore, 58.3 for Malaysia and 58.2 for Thailand.

The labor gap has already caused some project delays in the private construction industry, leading to an increase in home and office prices, said Joey Bondoc, research manager at Colliers International Philippines in Manila.

Of the 16,200 additional residential units that Colliers expected in Manila last year, only about 7,400 units were completed in the first three quarters.

The result will be a bidding war for construction workers, says Budget Secretary Benjamin E. Diokno. “Companies should be willing to adjust their wage rates,” he said.

To ease the shortage, the state agency Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) is training more building workers and engineers.

“TESDA in the past six years failed to train construction workers and zeroed in on the service industry such as hotels, food and business process outsourcing,” said Ibarra Paulino, executive director at the Philippine Constructors Association, Inc., a group of about 130 large building contractors.

But the Philippines isn’t the only place that needs more builders.

In Japan, where wages are much higher, Tokyo is in the middle of preparations for the 2020 Olympic Games.

Singapore is doubling the size of its mass transit system, while Indonesia, India and Malaysia are all on infrastructure drives to boost growth.

To fill vacancies, some Philippine developers are retraining employees or hiring more laborers from the countryside. Others, like 8990 Holdings, Inc., are setting up their own training facilities for masonry, carpentry, welding and crane operation.

Part of the problem is that projects have become bigger and more complicated, requiring an upgrade of knowledge, said DMCI Holdings, Inc. Chairman and President Isidro A. Consunji, whose company employs about 16,000 workers. DMCI offers skills-based bonuses to retain staff, “but only after we confirm that they’re really capable,” Mr. Consunji said.

Ultimately, one of the best sources of skilled workers, managers and consultants is the 10 million Filipinos who live and work abroad, Economic Planning Undersecretary Rolando G. Tungpalan said in an interview in his office in Manila.

“If you offer the right price, they will come back,” he said. — Bloomberg

Trump shows allies not shielded from ‘America First’ trade moves

HONG KONG — A long-standing security alliance is not enough to protect countries from US President Donald Trump’s first big protectionist move.

The Trump administration’s decision to impose tariffs on imported solar panels and washing machines hit China, but also US allies like South Korea, Thailand and the Philippines. All three have decades-old security treaties with the US, as well as stubborn trade surpluses.

The maneuvers could place new strains on relationships that have underpinned US dominance of the region since World War Two.

Thailand and the Philippines have already been seeking to improve ties with China, now Asia’s biggest economic power and a source of growing military clout.

The tariffs particularly put pressure on South Korean President Moon Jae-in, whom Mr. Trump needs to support his hard line against North Korea over its nuclear weapons program.

“It’s the geopolitical equivalent of cutting your nose off to spite your face,” said Ian Storey, a senior fellow at the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies-Yusof Ishak Institute in Singapore.

He said imposing punitive measures against such countries in Asia was “crazy.”

The tariffs mark Mr. Trump’s first major move in his pledge to cut the US trade deficit and tackle what he calls unfair trading practices.

His “America First” agenda saw the president withdraw the US from a large Pacific trade pact during his first week in office, while the administration is in talks to rewrite the North American Free Trade Agreement.

UNDERMINING CONFIDENCE
It isn’t the first time Mr. Trump’s trade tactics have cropped up at a sensitive time for South Korea. The day after the US president threatened to pull out of a bilateral free-trade agreement in September, North Korea detonated its most powerful nuclear bomb yet.

As with the ongoing negotiations over the US-South Korea trade pact, the government in Seoul is pushing back. Trade Minister Kim Hyun-chong said Tuesday that South Korea will file a petition with the World Trade Organization against the US for imposing anti-dumping duties on Korean washing machine and solar panel makers. It may discuss steps with other targeted countries, he said.

The US made the announcement before Mr. Trump heads to Davos this week to address the world’s business and financial elite.

Last year the forum heard Chinese President Xi Jinping’s pledge to preserve the international system of trade rules and advocate for globalization.

Mr. Trump has long criticized some Asian nations for running trade surpluses with the United States. He told executives at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in Vietnam in November the US would only consider negotiating a bilateral deal with a partner who would “abide by the principle of fair and reciprocal trade.”

“Mr. Trump is true to his words,” said Thitinan Pongsudhirak, director of the Institute of Security and International Studies at Bangkok’s Chulalongkorn University.

“It is classical old-style protectionism, and it’s going to be a reminder for Thailand and other countries that Mr. Trump means business.”

Mr. Thitinan said it was unlikely the tariff move would prompt an immediate shift by Thailand toward China.

But it will “continue a trend that we have seen in recent past that, once alienated from the US or the West, Thailand tends to edge closer to China’s embrace.”

Any reaction could be tempered by goodwill Mr. Trump has earned with Asian leaders who were censured for their human rights record by predecessor Barack Obama.

Mr. Trump has received the leaders of Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia at the White House.

When he met Philippine President Rodrigo R. Duterte in Manila in November last year, the subject of human rights wasn’t raised.

Still, Mr. Trump’s decision to impose tariffs may further undermine confidence in the US as a strategic partner in Southeast Asia, a region that consumes more than $100 billion in US exports each year and where America’s navy and air force often conduct military exercises.

In recent years some Asian leaders have questioned the US commitment.

Meanwhile China has poured money into Southeast Asia via trade and investment, while reclaiming land in the disputed South China Sea to build military structures.

Foreign ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said China was dissatisfied with the Mr. Trump administration’s tariffs.

“We have also noticed that its allies and partners have reacted very strongly and actually many parties have expressed opposition,” Mr. Hua said at a regular briefing in Beijing.

“Against the backdrop of a massive collapse in confidence in America’s reliability, this protectionist measure is just going to exacerbate the situation,” said Richard Heydarian, a professor of political science at De La Salle University in Manila.

“It is going to make Mr. Trump look like a beleaguered, troubled leader who is scrambling to appeal to his base at the expense of America’s global standing, which is in free fall.” — Bloomberg

Ayala invests in Vietnam solar power industry

By Victor V. Saulon Sub-Editor

AC ENERGY Holdings, Inc. is partnering with a Vietnamese group to develop more than 300 megawatts (MW) of solar power in Vietnam, its parent firm Ayala Corp. told the stock exchange on Wednesday.

Ayala Corp.’s arm in the energy sector will be jointly developing the solar energy with BIM Group of Vietnam, initially breaking ground on Jan. 23, 2018 with a 30-MW solar project valued at 800 billion Vietnamese dong or around P1.8 billion.

“AC Energy is very keen to participate in the fast-growing Vietnam power sector, with pioneering investments in renewable energy,” John Eric T. Francia, AC Energy president and chief executive officer, said in a statement.

Conergy Asia & ME Pte. Ltd. was tapped as the construction partner for the initial phase of the project, which is expected to be completed within 2018. The solar project is envisioned to be expanded by an additional 300 MW.

“We are delighted to partner with BIM group, which has a significant presence in Ninh Tuan province, which in turn has among the best solar irradiance in the country,” Mr. Francia said.

AC Energy described BIM Group as a diversified corporation based in Vietnam that has established its mark in four main business fields, namely: tourism development and real estate investment; agriculture and food; commercial services; and renewable energy.

“BIM Group has a significant experience in business development in Ninh Thuan, the host province for the solar project,” the company said.

The expansion in Vietnam comes as AC Energy aims to develop by 2020 up to 2,000 MW of capacity, of which 1,000 MW is targeted to come from renewable energy. The company had installed 1,000 MW as of 2016 from a mix of energy resources.

The disclosure follows Ayala Corp.’s announcement on Friday that it would be creating two wholly owned platforms to house its investments in renewable energy and thermal energy. 

AC Energy, its existing holding firm handling its energy projects, will be retained and will become the “umbrella brand” for the energy group of companies, which will primarily consist of AC Renewables, Inc. and ACE Thermal, Inc.

Ayala Corp. said the restructuring would be undertaken in three steps, the first of which is the creation of a new holding company, AC Renewables. It will then transfer its renewable assets to the unit.

It also said an existing thermal holdings company would be renamed ACE Thermal Inc. Its board of directors have approved the restructuring of the Ayalas’ energy business.

On Wednesday, shares in Ayala Corp. slipped by 0.96% to close at P1,035 each.

BSP’s TDF offer oversubscribed

BANKS and trust firms swarmed the week-long term deposit facility (TDF) offered by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) on Wednesday as yields declined.

Banks wanted to place as much as P119.582 billion under the TDF yesterday, nearly three times larger than the P40 billion the BSP had placed on the auction bloc.

The bids were, however, lower than the P125.564-billion offers received last week.

The banks accepted an average yield of 2.9256% on the seven-day instruments, lower than the 3.028% fetched during the Jan. 17 auction.

Banks sought returns between 2.75% and 2.989%, according to the central bank.

The TDF is currently the central bank’s main tool to mop up excess liquidity in the financial system. Under the facility, banks and trust entities bid for the interest rates which the BSP will pay for them to place their excess funds under that window.

Central bank officials have yet to respond as of press time when sought for comment on the auction results.

The BSP stopped offering 28-day term deposits on Dec. 20 as market players preferred the shorter instrument over the Christmas season, which seasonally sees stronger demand for cash among depositors.

BSP Deputy Governor Diwa C. Guinigundo has said they will consider restoring the 28-day tenor in due time and possibly offer a new term which would be longer than a week but shorter than a month, in response to market demand.

For the Jan. 31 auction next week, the BSP will place another P40 billion on the auction bloc for the seven-day deposit facility. — Elijah Joseph C. Tubayan