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Retirement

As Rafael Nadal went about mounting his latest comeback from a cacophony of injuries this year, he gave himself a clear timeline. He would play until the Paris Games, he said, and then he would assess the state of his game to see whether he still felt the urge — the need, really — to compete. At 38 and continually battling ailment after ailment, he had the end in sight, and the last thing he wanted was to keep hanging around out of sheer love of the sport. He had sacrificed more than his fair share for tennis, and the time was coming for him to finally give of himself to himself.

And so Nadal went about the start of the year the way he always did: He suited up at a tuneup tournament prior to the Australian Open. Unfortunately, a micro tear on a muscle in the quarterfinal round of the Brisbane International prevented him from even trekking to Melbourne Park. Outside of an exhibition match, his next stop was at the French Open. Needless to say, the 14-time winner harbored high hopes on red clay; instead, he found himself eliminated in the opening round for the first time ever. After skipping the entire grass court season and, therefore, missing out on Wimbledon, he summoned enough of his magic to reach the Swedish Open final.

In retrospect, the Summer Olympics made the decision to retire much easier for Nadal. And, for all intents, it was but fitting that his last set-to was against longtime foil Novak Djokovic. Those susceptible to recency bias would argue that he exited with a whimper; the second-round defeat wound up being the last in a burgeoning series of failures. For the overwhelming majority, however, he boasted of a remarkable body of work that more than offset whatever setbacks he had of late. As an all-time great, he had no mountain left to climb.

Nadal has professed to an absence of regret in hanging up his racket for good. And who’s to disabuse him of the contention? He has 22 Grand Slam trophies in his mantel, second most in the annals of the sport, and earned at a time when it also basked in the luster of such notables as Djokovic, Roger Federer, and Andy Murray. He has been there and done that, and the only thing left for him to do is enjoy life to the fullest. He has earned it.

 

Anthony L. Cuaycong has been writing Courtside since BusinessWorld introduced a Sports section in 1994. He is a consultant on strategic planning, operations and human resources management, corporate communications, and business development.

Canada expels top India diplomats, links them to murder of Sikh leader

PRAVEEN KUMAR NANDAGIRI-UNSPLASH

NEW DELHI/OTTAWA — Canada expelled six Indian diplomats including the high commissioner on Monday, linking them to the murder of a Sikh separatist leader and alleging a broader effort to target Indian dissidents in Canada.

Earlier in the day, India retaliated by ordering the expulsion of six high-ranking Canadian diplomats including the acting high commissioner and said it had withdrawn its envoy from Canada, contradicting Canada’s statement of expulsion.

The diplomatic row represents a major deterioration of relations between the two Commonwealth countries. Ties have been frayed since Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said last year, he had evidence linking Indian agents to the assassination of Sikh leader Hardeep Singh Nijjar on Canadian territory.

The government now has “clear and compelling evidence that agents of the government of India have engaged in and continue to engage in activities that pose a significant threat to public safety,” Mr. Trudeau said at a news conference.

These activities involved clandestine information gathering techniques, coercive behavior, targeting South Asian Canadians and involvement in over a dozen threatening and violent acts, including murder, he said.

“This is unacceptable,” he said, adding that India had committed a fundamental error by engaging in criminal activities in Canada.

India has long denied Mr. Trudeau’s accusations. On Monday, it dismissed Canada’s move on the inquiry and accused Mr. Trudeau of pursuing a “political agenda.”

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) said in an earlier news conference the government of India had undertaken a broad campaign against Indian dissidents including homicides and extortion. It had also used organized crime to target the South Asian community in Canada and interfered in democratic processes, police said.

“The decision to expel these individuals was made with great consideration and only after the RCMP gathered ample, clear and concrete evidence which identified six individuals as persons of interest in the Nijjar case,” the foreign ministry said in a statement.

India said it had asked six Canadian diplomats to leave by Saturday. The ministry also said it had summoned Acting High Commissioner in India Stewart Wheeler, currently Canada’s top diplomat in the South Asian country.

India said it was withdrawing its diplomats from Canada because it was not confident that their safety could be guaranteed.

“We have no faith in the current Canadian Government’s commitment to ensure their security. Therefore, the Government of India has decided to withdraw the High Commissioner and other targeted diplomats and officials,” India’s foreign ministry said in a statement.

MAJOR RUPTURE
Canada’s Foreign Minister Melanie Joly said the government had requested India to remove the diplomatic immunity of six diplomats so that the Canadian investigative agencies could question them regarding the allegations of criminal activity.

But since India did not co-operate, it had to expel the diplomats.

“We’re not seeking diplomatic confrontation with India,” she said. “But we will not sit quietly as agents of any country are linked to efforts to threaten, harass or even kill Canadians.”

Canada withdrew more than 40 diplomats from India in October 2023 after New Delhi asked Ottawa to reduce its diplomatic presence.

“We have gone from a rift to a major rupture in the relationship with India,” Fen Osler Hampson, professor of international relations at Ottawa’s Carleton University said in a telephone interview. “It is hard to see at this juncture that a return to normalcy will happen any time in the foreseeable future.”

Canada is home to the highest population of Sikhs outside their home state of Punjab and demonstrations in recent years have irked India’s government

The US has also alleged that Indian agents were involved in an attempted assassination plot against another Sikh separatist leader in New York last year and said it had indicted an Indian national working at the behest of an unnamed Indian government official. — Reuters

Taiwan details record surge in planes in China’s war games, flags risk to region

CHINA’S Liaoning aircraft carrier takes part in the “Joint Sword-2024B” military drills east of Taiwan in this screenshot from a handout video released by the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Eastern Theatre Command on Oct. 14, 2024. — PLA EASTERN THEATRE COMMAND/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS

TAIPEI — Taiwan’s Defense ministry said on Tuesday it had detected a record number of 153 Chinese military aircraft participating in China’s war games around the island the previous day, detailing a surge in warplane activity.

China said the one-day drill, designated “Joint Sword-2024B,” was a warning against “separatist acts” after a national day speech last week by Taiwan President Lai Ching-te that Beijing had denounced.

The drills were not only a concern for Taiwan, but risked destabilizing the region, Premier Cho Jung-tai said.

“Any drills without prior warning will cause great disturbance to peace and stability in the entire region,” he told reporters in Taipei.

“China’s drills not only affect Taiwan’s neighborhood, but also seriously affect the entire international navigational rights and air and sea space, so attracted the attention of other countries.”

In a daily update on Chinese military activity around the island, Taiwan’s Defense ministry said it spotted 153 military aircraft, surpassing Monday’s figure of 125 it had called a one-day record.

A ministry map showed 28 of those aircraft had crossed the sensitive median line of the Taiwan Strait, which had previously served as an unofficial barrier, but one China says it does not recognize.

Other areas that saw activity were waters off the southeastern coast, home to a major Taiwan air base, and to its southwest, at the top part of the South China Sea, site of the Taiwan-controlled Pratas Islands.

Also spotted were 14 ships of the Chinese navy and 12 “official” vessels, the ministry said, referring to ships of the coast guard and similar agencies.

China’s drills prompted concern from the United States and its allies, with the Pentagon slamming them as “irresponsible, disproportionate, and destabilizing.”

China’s pressure attempts had only solidified support for Taipei, said Kuan Bi-ling, head of Taiwan’s Ocean Affairs Council, which runs the coast guard.

“China’s exercise, while intended to put military pressure on Taiwan and the international community, has backfired and led to greater international solidarity against China’s expansionist behavior,” she wrote on her Facebook page.

“Cross-Strait relations are no longer just cross-Strait relations; they are now at the heart of international relations in the Indo-Pacific.”

Taiwan rejects Beijing’s territorial claims, saying only the island’s people can decide their future. — Reuters

North Korea blows up parts of inter-Korean road and rail lines

North Korean people work on a military fence near their guard post at the inter-Korean border in this picture taken from the observation deck near the demilitarized zone that separates the two Koreas in Paju, South Korea, June 4, 2024. — REUTERS

SEOUL — North Korea has blown up sections of inter-Korean roads and rail lines on its side of the heavily fortified border between the two Koreas, South Korea’s military said on Tuesday, ratcheting up tensions on the Korean peninsula.

At around midday, some northern parts of the roads and rail lines connected to the South were blown up, the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) said in a message sent to media.

In response, South Korea’s military fired warning shots south of the military demarcation line dividing the neighbors, though the explosions had not caused any damage on Seoul’s side of the border, it said.

The explosions came after Pyongyang pledged last week to completely cut off the inter-Korean roads and railways and further fortify the areas on its side of the border. Seoul had warned on Monday that the North was getting ready for a detonation.

The North has already been installing landmines and barriers along the border, and was seen on Monday doing additional work with heavy equipment, South Korea’s JCS said.

The South had ramped up surveillance and readiness after the incident, it said.

The two Koreas are still technically at war after their 1950-53 war ended in an armistice, not a peace treaty. 

The cross-border links are remnants of periods of rapprochement between the countries including a 2018 summit between the leaders when they declared there would be no more war and a new era of peace had opened.

Around 180 billion won ($132 million) in taxpayers’ money was spent by South Korea to rebuild the inter-Korean road, according to the Yonhap news agency.

There has been an escalating war of words between the Koreas after the North accused its rival of sending drones over the country’s capital Pyongyang.

North Korea on Friday said the drones had scattered a “huge number” of anti-North leaflets, in what it called political and military provocation that could lead to armed conflict.

A spokesman for the South’s JCS declined on Monday to answer questions over whether the South Korean military or civilians had flown the alleged drones.

North Korean leader Kim Jong Un had overseen on Monday a meeting with defense and security officials to discuss how to respond to the “enemy’s serious provocation that violated the sovereignty of the DPRK”, state media KCNA reported. DPRK is short for the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, North Korea’s official name. — Reuters

La Niña is becoming less likely, Australia’s weather bureau says

PHILIPPINE STAR/MIGUEL DE GUZMAN

CANBERRA — The likelihood of a La Niña weather event in coming months has decreased, Australia’s weather bureau said on Tuesday, adding that if the phenomenon did appear, it would be weak and short-lived.

The development of La Niña and its opposite, El Niño, are of huge importance to global agriculture, with La Niña typically increasing rainfall in eastern Australia, Southeast Asia and India and reducing rainfall in the Americas.

“The chance of a La Niña event developing in the coming months has decreased,” the Australian Bureau of Meteorology said in a two-weekly update.

The bureau said its in-house climate model suggests La Niña will not develop and four of the six other climate models it surveys now agree.

La Niña and El Niño are caused by the cooling and warming of sea surface temperatures off western South America.

“If a La Niña were to develop, it is forecast to be relatively weak (in terms of the strength of the sea surface temperature anomaly) and short-lived, with all models forecasting neutral values in February,” the bureau said. 

Other meteorologists have also become less confident that a La Nina will appear.

A U.S. government forecaster said last week there was a 60% chance of a La Nina emerging by the end of November that would persist through January-March 2025. A month earlier, it said there was a 71% chance of a La Nina forming. — Reuters

Petronas’ exploration in South China Sea will continue, Malaysia PM says

source: https://www.petronas.com/

KUALA LUMPUR — Malaysia’s Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim on Tuesday reiterated that state energy firm Petronas will continue to conduct oil and gas exploration activities in Malaysia’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in the South China Sea, despite objections from China.

This includes exploration activities in Petronas’ Kasawari gas development off Sarawak state on Borneo, he told parliament.

“We will continue, but we will not close the door on discussions with any country,” Mr. Anwar said.

He said Malaysia had territorial disputes with many of its neighbors, including Thailand, the Philippines, and Indonesia, and said undue focus was placed on its differences with China.

“We have issues but these issues do not affect diplomatic relations. These issues do not affect trade relations and close friendships with our neighbors,” he said.

Mr. Anwar said last month Malaysia’s exploration activities were within its territory and were not intended to be provocative or hostile towards China, following the media leak of a diplomatic note from Beijing.

In the note, carried by a Philippine news outlet, Beijing asserted that Malaysia’s oil and gas exploration in the South China Sea breached its territory.

China claims sovereignty over almost the entire South China Sea and has deployed a fleet of coast guards deep into Southeast Asia, including the EEZs of Malaysia, Brunei, the Philippines and Vietnam, complicating those country’s exploration efforts.

China rejects a 2016 ruling by the Permanent Court of Arbitration in the Hague that Beijing’s expansive claims had no basis under international law.

Petronas’s oil and gas projects in the South China Sea have had several encounters with Chinese vessels in recent years.

The Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative, a US think tank, said in a report this month that Chinese coast guard vessels have made frequent visits to Malaysian exploratory wells off Sarawak this year, passing as close as 1,000 meters (0.6 mile) from gas production platforms at Timi, Kasawari, and Jerun.

Petronas’ Kasawari field holds an estimated 10 trillion cubic feet of gas reserves and commenced first production in August this year. — Reuters

Iran condemns EU, UK sanctions on Tehran, denies providing ballistic missiles to Russia

STOCK PHOTO | Image by jorono from Pixabay

DUBAI — Iran condemned new European Union (EU) and British sanctions on Tehran and denied providing ballistic missiles to Russia, spokesperson for Iran’s Foreign Ministry, Esmaeil Baghaei, said in a post on X on Tuesday.

The European Union agreed on Monday to impose sanctions on seven people and seven organizations, including airline Iran Air, for their links to Iranian transfers of ballistic missiles to Russia.

The listings also include Saha Airlines and Mahan Air and Iran’s Deputy Defence Minister Seyed Hamzeh Ghalandari.

At the same time, Britain added nine new designations under its Iran sanctions regime.

Last month, the United States, citing intelligence it said had been shared with allies, said Russia had received ballistic missiles from Iran for its war in Ukraine.

Iran’s foreign ministry spokesperson denied on Tuesday his country provided ballistic missiles to Russia.

“Some European countries and the UK have unfortunately claimed without evidence that Iran has militarily intervened in this conflict which is totally refuted,” Mr. Baghaei said, referring to the Russia-Ukraine war.

Mr. Baghaei condemned the fresh sanctions saying that imposing new sanctions by the European Union and the UK on Iranian individuals and entities goes against international law.

Also facing sanctions under the EU move are prominent officials from the Islamic Revolutionary Guard and the managing directors of Iran Aircraft Manufacturing Industries and Aerospace Industries Organization.

The sanctions include an asset freeze and a travel ban to the European Union. — Reuters

Nobel economics prize goes to inequality researchers

WIKIPEDIA

STOCKHOLM — Three U.S.-based academics won the 2024 Nobel economics prize on Monday for research that explored the aftermath of colonization to understand why global inequality persists today, especially in countries dogged by corruption and dictatorship.

Simon Johnson and James Robinson, both British-American, and Turkish-American Daron Acemoglu were commended for their work on “how institutions are formed and affect prosperity”, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said.

“Reducing the vast differences in income between countries is one of our time’s greatest challenges,” said Jakob Svensson, Chair of the Committee for the Prize in Economic Sciences.

“They have identified the historical roots of the weak institutional environments that characterize many low-income countries today,” he told a press conference. 

The award came a day after a World Bank report showed that the world’s 26 poorest countries – home to 40% of its most poverty-stricken people – are more in debt than at any time since 2006, highlighting a major reversal in the fight against poverty. 

The prestigious award, formally known as the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, is the final prize to be given out this year and is worth 11 million Swedish crowns ($1.1 million).

Acemoglu told reporters in Athens that data gathered by pro-democracy groups showed that public institutions and rule of law in many parts of the world were currently being weakened.

“Authoritarian growth is often more unstable and doesn’t generally lead to very rapid and original innovation,” he said, referring to China as “a bit of a challenge”.

Johnson told Reuters by telephone that established institutions in the United States were under stress, notably due to Donald Trump’s refusal to acknowledge he lost the 2020 election.

“I think that’s the biggest concern that I see in the industrialized world,” he said, adding the Nov. 5 presidential election was “a serious stress test” for U.S. democracy.

Acemoglu and Johnson work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, while Robinson is at the University of Chicago, where he spoke at a press conference on Monday and referred to his co-laureates as his “best friends.”

“I’m not someone who thinks that economists have a kind of cure for everything, or they have some silver bullet,” he said. “Ideas are important in terms of giving people levers or giving people ways to think about the problems in their society.”

He said all humans have the same aspirations and a shared history but have nonetheless “built very different societies in different parts of the world.”

“The first thing is to think about a question that’s relevant to those people, to their context and to their aspirations,” he said of his research.

‘REVERSAL OF FORTUNE’
The laureates’ research showed how European colonization had dramatic but divergent impacts across the world, depending on whether the colonizer focused on extraction of resources or the setting up of long-term institutions for the benefit of European migrants.

This, they found, resulted in a “reversal of fortune” where former colonies that were once rich become poor, while some poorer countries – where institutions were often set up – were in the end able to garner some generalized prosperity through them.

Another finding covered how “dangerous” it was to colonize an area: the higher mortality among the colonizers, the lower today’s current output per capita, a measure of prosperity.

The economics award is not one of the original prizes for science, literature and peace created in the will of dynamite inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel and first awarded in 1901, but a later addition established and funded by Sweden’s central bank in 1968.

Past winners include a host of influential thinkers such as Milton Friedman, John Nash – played by actor Russell Crowe in the 2001 film “A Beautiful Mind” – and, more recently, former U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke.

Research into inequality has featured strongly in recent awards. Last year, Harvard economic historian Claudia Goldin won the prize for her work highlighting the causes of wage and labor market inequality between men and women.

In 2019, economists Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer won the award for work on fighting poverty.

The economics prize has been dominated by U.S. academics since its inception, while U.S.-based researchers also tend to account for a large portion of winners in the scientific fields for which 2024 laureates were announced last week.

That crop of prizes began with U.S. scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun winning the prize for medicine on Monday and concluded with Japan’s Nihon Hidankyo, an organization of survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki who campaigned for the abolition of nuclear weapons landing the award for peace on Friday. — Reuters 

Philippines says ‘Chinese maritime militia’ boat sideswiped fisheries vessel

MANILA – The Philippines’ Bureau of Fisheries said a “Chinese maritime militia” boat deliberately sideswiped one of its two vessels that were conducting a routine maritime patrol in the vicinity of Thitu island in the South China Sea last Friday.

The vessel had sustained dents in its starboard bow, the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) said in a statement issued late on Monday.

China and the Philippines have been at loggerheads over a succession of confrontations near disputed features in the South China, with Manila accusing China’s coast guard of aggression and Beijing furious over what it calls repeated provocations and territorial incursions.

The Philippines has also accused China of maintaining a maritime militia to bolster its presence in the South China Sea. Beijing has maintained they are civilian ships.

Video shared by the bureau showed the Chinese boat with bow number 00108 approaching its vessel, BRP Datu Cabaylo, moving in close proximity before it collided with it.

“Despite the incident, the BFAR vessel maintained its position and was able to continue with its… mission,” the fisheries bureau said.

The Chinese Embassy in Manila did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

China claims almost the entire South China Sea, including the Philippine-occupied Thitu, and rejects a 2016 ruling by the Permanent Court of Arbitration in the Hague that Beijing’s expansive claims had no basis under international law. The case was brought to the court by the Philippines.

Last week’s maritime run-in comes in the wake of a regional summit of Southeast Asian leaders where Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Jr called for negotiations on a code of conduct for the South China Sea to be fast tracked. — Reuters

Growth across Pacific slows as post-pandemic rebound fades, says World Bank

REUTERS

 – Growth across the Pacific Islands is expected to slow to 3.6% this year, down from 5.8% in 2023, as a post-pandemic rebound fades and Fiji, contributing half of the region’s output, slowed significantly, the World Bank said on Tuesday.

A long-term slowdown was caused by weaker investment, increasing climate risks, and structural challenges, a report said. Without immediate action to ramp up investment, Pacific Island nations may struggle to reduce poverty and generate new economic opportunities, it added.

The Washington-based global lender said investment had shrunk on average across Pacific Island countries in seven out of the past 15 years.

In a “troubling outlook”, investment growth in 11 Pacific Island countries is expected to be around 1% annually this decade, significantly lower than the 4.2% average growth from 2000 to 2019, the report said.

Natural disasters cost an average 1.5% of gross domestic product per year, and many Pacific Island countries struggle to manage economic shocks after disasters such as cyclones, and are locked into a cycle of “construction, destruction, and repair”, the report said.

While several smaller Pacific Island countries reliant on tourism saw growth, as tourists from Australia and New Zealand returned, Fiji’s growth is expected to slow to 3% in 2024.

Fiji’s public debt, at 79% of GDP in 2024, is among the region’s highest and one-third higher than pre-pandemic levels.

In Vanuatu, the liquidation of national airline Air Vanuatu hit tourism, causing a significant economic shock and growth to slow to 0.9%.

Vanuatu has experienced 10 years of shrinking investment, the World Bank said.

As well as investment in sustainable tourism and agriculture, the region needs investment in ports, inter-island shipping, and digital connectivity, it said.

Despite having some of the largest maritime zones in the world, Pacific Islands have been unable to fully capitalise on sustainable fishing, aquaculture, and marine biotechnology, it said.

The cost of internet connectivity is relatively high and speeds are poor, compared to the rest of the world, said World Bank senior economist Dana Vorisek.

“Digital connectivity really has to be addressed,” she told a media briefing in Suva.

Reforms to payment systems and more digital payment services are needed to boost the impact of remittances sent back home to families by offshore workers, officials said. – Reuters

Sean ‘Diddy’ Combs accused of sexual abuse in six new lawsuits

SEAN ‘DIDDY’ COMBS apologizes on an Instagram video after the release of hotel surveillance video that appeared to show him attacking his ex-girlfriend. — INSTAGRAM.COM/DIDDY

Sean “Diddy” Combs was confronted with six new sexual abuse lawsuits on Monday, including one accusing the rap mogul of assaulting a minor.

The civil lawsuits were filed a month after Mr. Combs was criminally charged for what prosecutors describe as a long-running scheme of sex trafficking and racketeering.

Mr. Combs has denied wrongdoing in other civil cases against him and pleaded not guilty in his criminal case.

In court, the truth will prevail: that Mr. Combs has never sexually assaulted anyone – adult or minor, man or woman,” Mr. Combs’ lawyers said in a statement Monday.

The lawsuits were filed in New York federal court by anonymous plaintiffs, including one man who accuses Mr. Combs of assaulting him when he was a minor.

“For decades, Sean Combs abused, molested, raped, assaulted, threatened and coerced women, men and minors for sexual gratification, to assert dominance, and to conceal his abhorrent conduct,” said one of the lawsuits, filed by a John Doe plaintiff.

The plaintiff alleged that during a party at Mr. Combs’ Hamptons mansion in 1998, the rapper directed him to drop his pants and then fondled his genitals. He said he was 16 years old at the time.

Mr. Combs was arrested in September and charged with three felony counts for racketeering conspiracy, sex trafficking and transportation to engage in prostitution. He pleaded not guilty on Sept. 17.

A judge denied Mr. Combs’ request for bail on Oct. 10 and set a trial date of May 5, 2025.

The lawsuits on Monday were filed by Houston-based lawyer Tony Buzbee, who has said he is representing 120 people who accuse Mr. Combs of abuse.

The Buzbee Law Firm said in a statement that it plans to file additional lawsuits against Mr. Combs in the coming weeks. – Reuters

Colombia and Ecuador fight to save vital wetlands amid drought

STOCK PHOTO | Image by Rajesh Balouria from Pixabay

 – Rural communities in the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador are fighting to protect fragile high-altitude wetlands that regulate the area’s water cycles, as sharp water and energy rationing hit both nations.

Colombia and Ecuador — both largely dependent on hydroelectric dams for energy — have been battered by a strong El Nino weather pattern that has caused drought conditions, which scientists say were further exacerbated by climate change and damaging human activity.

Grassroots activists in the two countries, aided by international advocacy groups like Conservation International, have been working to protect the high-altitude wetlands, called paramos, and save water, especially through efforts to restore native plants.

Most of the world’s paramos – which regulate the water cycle by absorbing and slowly releasing rain – are found in the Andes in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

“Deforestation in the Amazon, combined with variations that are being caused by climate change and the degradation of the soils is what has caused water dynamics to change,” said Patricia Bejarano, director of the sustainable high mountain landscapes program run by Conservation International’s Colombian chapter.

The crisis comes as Colombia prepares to host the United Nations’ conference on biodiversity in the city of Cali at the end of October.

The paramos illustrate how protecting nature is vital to fighting climate change, as well as protecting water and ensuring the future of agriculture.

Drought has led to rotating water rationing in Bogota, Colombia’s capital of almost 10 million people, while Ecuador’s energy grid has been pushed to the brink, prompting power cuts to conserve water in dams.

Colombia suspended electricity exports to its neighbor to shore up its own power reserves.

Thirteen members of El Tablon, a rural community on the outskirts of Quito, work in a nursery in Paluguillo paramo to rear paper trees, a species of polylepis, which are then replanted.

“They’re plants native to the paramo that help us conserve water,” said Diana Sopalo, 29, who has been working for four years in the Fund for Protecting Water (FONAG) nursery, set up by international advocacy group The Nature Conservancy.

 

A WATER FACTORY

Paper trees, with their large surface area, are great for capturing and storing water, Sopalo said, adding that during dry season the species begins to slowly release water into the earth where it rejoins the water cycle.

The nursery, led by women, has planted 40,000 trees and is growing another 100,000.

“It’s a water factory,” Sopalo said.

Quito depends on water from the paramos, said FONAG’s Paola Fuentes, a water analysis specialist.

“The water originates in this area and conserving these paramos, these wetlands, is essential for the low areas in the city,” Fuentes said.

Some 26 rangers work to protect and monitor the region for FONAG.

“If the paramos weren’t being managed, we would simply have much less water than we have now,” said Galo Medina, Ecuador lead for The Nature Conservancy.

In Colombia’s Guatavita, local activists and regional authorities are developing plans for Vista Hermosa de Monquentiva, a protected area within the Chingaza paramo, including expanding its borders.

Protecting the park and its species — including plants like frailejones, or espeletia, famed for their ability to conserve water — is vitally important for keeping drinking water and hydroelectric reservoirs full, said Doris Ramos, 52, who works on environmental issues for the Guatavita mayor’s office.

The park, once used for cattle farming, has been a protected area since 2018 and precious frailejones and other species have slowly grown on the land.

“While we are restoring this ecosystem, it brings great potential for water, flora and fauna. It is also vulnerable to all the consequences of climate change,” she said. – Reuters