Text and Photos by Lea T. Dalawis
IT WAS IN 2003 when I had my first taste of international travel. After that trip, I knew that I was bitten by the proverbial travel bug. I’ve been to several other countries since then.
By Michael Angelo S. Murillo
FROM its humble beginnings in the late 1950s when it was still known as the Southeast Asian Peninsula Games, the Southeast Asian Games has gone on to become a much-awaited sporting event in this side of the world.
By Pola E. del Monte
YOUR CANDIDATE is now online. Political campaigning has expanded beyond the realm of TV, radio, and print media. Today, candidates are on the internet, delivering their platforms via network bandwidth, projecting their image through bytes of data.
TORQUAY, UNITED KINGDOM — Throughout her prolific career, mystery author Agatha Christie killed off hundreds of characters by bullets, daggers, even a blow of the cleaver. But her ultimate weapon, and the one she was most fond of, was poison.
By Richard Roeper
CONVENTIONAL movie wisdom says summer is for superheroes and sequels, reboots and R-rated comedies — but come autumn, it’s time for the potential classics, the Oscar contenders, “grown-up” movies.
LONDON — Scottish-born author Ali Smith has received a number of honors for her gender-bending novel How to be both that explores issues of sexual identity from Renaissance times to the present, the most recent being the Baileys Women’s Prize for Fiction in June.
Smith’s sixth novel, which had been short-listed for the 2014 Man Booker Prize, focuses on an Italian Renaissance painter who disguises herself as a man in order to pursue her artistic passions, and on a modern teenage girl named George grappling with the death of her mother and with her emerging sexuality.
“Ancient and modern meet and speak to each other in this tender, brilliant and witty novel of grief, love, sexuality and shape-shifting identity,” Chair of Judges Shami Chakrabarti said in a statement announcing the winner. The prize is awarded to a work of fiction written in English by a woman anywhere in the world and carries a £30,000 ($46,000) cash prize.
Smith’s critically well-received book intertwines the story of the actual Renaissance artist Francesco del Cossa, who disguised her femininity in order to create frescoes in a palazzo in Ferrara, and the fictional George, who is struggling to cope with the sudden death of her mother, with whom she had traveled to Italy to see Del Cossa’s works.
The book has the added twist of coming in two editions, one of which begins with Del Cossa’s story and the other with George’s.
“At its heart, How to be both… is an eloquent challenge to the binary notions governing our existence. Why, Smith seems to ask, should we expect a book to run from A to B, by way of a recognizable plot and subplot, peopled by characters who are easily understood to be one thing or another?,” Britain’s Guardian newspaper said in a review.
Smith, who was born in Inverness in August 1962 and lives in Cambridge, won the Saltire First Book Award and a Scottish Arts Council Award in 1995 for her first collection of stories, Free Love.
Her novels include Hotel World, which was short-listed for the Man Booker and the Orange Prize, and The Accidental which won the Whitbread Novel Award. — Reuters
MORGANTOWN, W.V. — Daniel Carder, an unassuming 45-year-old engineer with gray hair and blue jeans, appears an unlikely type to take down one of the world’s most powerful companies.
But he and his small research team at West Virginia University may have done exactly that, with a $50,000 study which produced early evidence that Volkswagen AG (VW) was cheating on US vehicle emissions tests, setting off a scandal that threatens the German automaker’s leadership, reputation and finances.
“The testing we did kind of opened the can of worms,” Mr. Carder says of his five-member engineering team and the research project that found much higher on-road diesel emission levels for VW vehicles than what US regulators were seeing in tests.
The results of that study, which was paid for by the nonprofit International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) in late 2012 and completed in May 2013, were later corroborated by the US Environmental Protection Agency and California Air Resources Board (CARB).
Mr. Carder’s team — a research professor, two graduate students, a faculty member and himself — performed road tests around Los Angeles and up the West Coast to Seattle that generated results so pronounced that they initially suspected a problem with their own research.
“The first thing you do is beat yourself up and say, ‘Did we not do something right?’ You always blame yourself,” he told Reuters in an interview. “(We) saw huge discrepancies. There was one vehicle with 15 to 35 times the emissions levels and another vehicle with 10 to 20 times the emissions levels.”
Despite the discrepancies, a fix shouldn’t involve major changes. “It could be something very small,” said Mr. Carder, who’s the interim director of West Virginia University’s Center for Alternative Fuels, Engines and Emissions in Morgantown, about 320 kilometers west of Washington in the Appalachian foothills.
“It can simply be a change in the fuel injection strategy. What might be realized is a penalty in fuel economy in order to get these systems more active, to lower the emissions levels.”
Mr. Carder said he’s surprised to see such a hullabaloo now, because his team’s findings were made public nearly a year and a half ago.
“We actually presented this data in a public forum and were actually questioned by Volkswagen,” said Carder.
The ICCT’s research contract to Mr. Carder’s team was sparked by separate findings by the European Commission’s Joint Research Center, which showed a discrepancy between test results and real world performance in European diesel engines.
The diesel vehicles chosen for the West Virginia study were the VW Passat, the VW Jetta and the BMW X5. Unlike the VW vehicles, Mr. Carder said the BMW vehicle “performed very nicely — at, or below, the certification emission levels.”
West Virginia University is not new to groundbreaking emissions research, having helped create the first technology to measure vehicle emissions on the road more than 15 years ago.
Mr. Carder belonged to a 15-member West Virginia University team that pioneered portable emissions testing as part of a 1998 settlement between the US Justice department and several heavy duty diesel engine makers including Caterpillar, Inc. and Cummins Engine Co.
The manufacturers agreed to pay $83.4 million in civil penalties after federal officials found evidence that they were selling heavy duty diesel engines equipped with “defeat devices” that allowed the engines to meet EPA emission standards during testing but disabled the emission control system during normal highway driving.
When the news about Volkswagen broke last Friday, Mr. Carder heard from some of the heavy diesel engine manufacturers that were part of the consent decree.
“They saw what had happened and called to say: ‘Good job, you guys,’” Mr. Carder said. “Some folks said: ‘How did they not learn from our mistakes 15 years ago?’”
Regarding his role in unearthing the current scandal, Mr. Carder said there was no particular sense of excitement when his team confirmed that the higher VW emission results were real and not a consequence of faulty measurements.
“There’s no incentive for us to pass or fail,” he said. “Obviously, we don’t want to see something spewing emissions and polluting the environment. But we really have no horse in the race, as they say.” — Reuters
