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Memorable endgames

We continue our discussion from where we left off last Tuesday — nowadays we have the benefit of the endgame tablebases to assist us in the analysis of endgames. As explained then an endgame tablebase is a computerized database that contains precalculated exhaustive analysis of chess endgame positions. They are generated by working backwards from a checkmated position. Thus, the tablebase acts as an oracle, always providing the optimal moves.

By 2005 all chess positions with up to six pieces (you include the Kings when you count pieces, therefore KRP vs KRP is considered a six-piece ending) had been solved. By August 2012, tablebases had solved chess for every position with up to seven pieces.

The solutions have profoundly advanced the chess community’s understanding of endgame theory. Some positions which humans had analyzed as draws were proven to be winnable and some positions thought to be winnable were proven to be drawn.

Before the development of the tablebases, chessplayers had to work out the do’s and don’ts of endgame play with their own brains. Last Tuesday I showed you the Torre vs. Portisch game which illustrated a critical idea in a difficult knight+pawns vs. knight endgame. Here is another Torre contribution to the theory of endgames.

The most important chess events of the year bring out the very best in the players. Eugene Torre won the 1972 Asian Zonal and represented the region in the 1973 Interzonals from which the top 6 players will go on to the Candidates’ Matches. The final winner of the Candidates’ matches will challenge Bobby Fischer for the world title. You will recall that ultimately Bobby Fischer refused to defend his title and the winner of the Candidates,’ Anatoly Karpov, was declared world champion in 1975.

Anyway the 36 interzonal qualifiers were split into two. Half of them played in Petropolis, from which Henrique Mecking (Brazil), Lev Polugaevsky (USSR) and Lajos Portisch (Hungary) advanced to the Candidates, and the other half in Leningrad, where Viktor Korchnoi (USSR), Anatoly Karpov (USSR) and Robert Byrne (USA) dominated.

Eugene played in Leningrad. One of the favorites, Bent Larsen, started off the tournament with 3/3, defeating Josip Rukavina (Rumania), Ivan Radulov (Bulgaria) and Jan Smejkal (Czechoslovakia) in impressive fashion. Everyone expected him to dust off Eugene Torre, not yet even a grandmaster at that time and a debutante in this level of competition, but Torre held tight in an endgame which was widely thought to be an easy win.

Larsen, Bent (2620) — Torre, Eugenio (2430) [A27]
Leningrad Interzonal (4), 1973

1.c4 g6 2.Nf3 Bg7 3.Nc3 e5 4.d4 exd4 5.Nxd4 Nc6 6.Nxc6 bxc6 7.g3 Ne7 8.Bg2 0–0 9.0–0 d6 10.Bg5 f6 11.Bd2 Be6 12.Qa4 Bd7 13.c5!

Torre: A typical Larsen move. The idea is to break Black’s pawns in the center, at the same time eyeing to bring his queen to the kingside.

13…d5 14.e4 f5 15.exd5 cxd5 16.Qh4

Threatening Bg5.

16…Bf6 17.Bg5 Bxg5 18.Qxg5 c6

Torre: White has a slight edge in space and has strong pressure along the open king’s file and also the half open queen’s file. White’s strategy is to place both his rooks along two open files and then try the thematic advance b2–b4–b5 splitting Black’s center pawns.

19.Rfe1 Rf7 20.Re5

During the game GM Eugene suddenly saw the possibility of 20.Nb5 but then determined that 20…cxb5 21.Rxe7 Rxe7 (21…Be6! is even stronger) 22.Bxd5+ Kg7 23.Bxa8? is refuted by 23…Re1+, winning White’s queen.

20…Kg7 21.Rd1 f4!

Torre: Black’s only chance to get some counterplay, otherwise White plays Qf4 followed by b2–b4–b5 with crushing initiative.

22.gxf4 h6 23.Qh4 Qf8

With the idea of Nf5.

24.Qg3 Rb8?

[24…Rxf4? 25.Rxe7+; Better is 24…Nf5 25.Qd3 Rb8]

25.Ne2! Kh7

[25…Rxb2? 26.Qc3]

26.Qc3 a5

[26…Nf5 is better]

27.Rd4 Rb5

[27…Nf5! 28.Ra4 Nh4 29.Rxa5 g5 Black has an initiative going on]

28.Ra4 Qb8 29.b3 Qa7 30.b4 Qb8 31.a3 axb4 32.axb4 Nf5 33.Bh3 Rb7 34.Bxf5 Bxf5 35.Qa3 Ra7 36.Nd4 Rxa4 37.Qxa4 Ra7 38.Qb3 Be4

I hope you noticed that Black is threatening …Ra1 mate.

39.f3 Ra1+ 40.Kg2 Rb1 41.Qa4 Rb2+ 42.Kg3 g5!

Torre: Again Black found the only move to complicate the game. To retreat the bishop loses at once to Re7+ and Qxc6. The game was adjourned at this stage with Larsen sealing the move.

43.Qxc6

Torre: The best move to retain winning chances. 43.fxe4? would lead to a draw after 43…gxf4+ 44.Kxf4 Rf2+ 45.Nf3 Rxf3+ 46.Kxf3 Qxe5.

43…gxf4+ 44.Kxf4 Qf8+ 45.Nf5

[45.Ke3? Rb3+ 46.Nxb3 Qxf3+ 47.Kd2 Qd3+ with at least a draw]

45…Bxf5 46.Rxf5 Qe7

[46…Rxb4+? 47.Ke5 Qe7+ (47…Qg7+ 48.Ke6 Qg6+ 49.Rf6 Qg8+ 50.Rf7+ Kh8 51.Ke7 the game is over) 48.Qe6 Qg7+ 49.Kxd5 Rb7 (49…Qd4+ 50.Kc6 Black has no more checks) 50.Rf6 and the threat of Qf5+ is decisive]

47.Rf6! Rxb4+ 48.Kf5 Rh4 49.Qe6 Rh5+ 50.Kf4 Qc7+ 51.Qd6 Qg7 52.h4!

Torre: This is White’s winning move as we had seen in our analysis. Larsen played this move very fast and we thought he had analyzed this variation completely. He walked around the stage and smiled at some of his friends.

52…Rxh4+ 53.Kf5 Rh1

Torre: We saw in our analysis that this move would lose. But there is nothing else that could give White some problems. The idea is to place the rook on e1.

54.Qf8?

[54.c6! Re1 (54…Qg5+ 55.Ke6 Re1+ 56.Kd7 Qg7+ 57.Kd8 Ra1 58.c7 is decisive) 55.Rg6! Qf7+ (55…Re5+ 56.Kf4 White wins) 56.Qf6 Qxf6+ 57.Rxf6 Rc1 58.Ke5 Kg7 59.Re6 White wins because his opponent’s king is cut off from the c6–pawn]

54…Qxf8 55.Rxf8 Kg7?

[55…Rc1! holds the draw. For example 56.Rc8 h5 57.c6 d4 58.Ke4 h4 59.Kxd4 h3 60.Rc7+ Kg6 61.Rc8 h2 62.Rh8 h1Q 63.Rxh1 Rxh1 64.Kd5 draw]

56.Rd8 d4?

[56…h5 57.Rxd5 h4 58.Rd7+ Kh6 59.c6 Rc1 60.Rd4 h3 61.Rh4+ Kg7 62.Rxh3 Rxc6 This endgame is a book draw]

57.Rd7+ Kf8 58.Kf6 Ke8 59.Rxd4 Rc1 60.Rd5 Rf1 61.Rf5

Larsen is now completely winning but accuracy is still required.

61…Kd7 62.f4 h5 63.Kg5 h4 64.Kxh4 Ke6 65.Re5+ Kf6 66.Kg4 Rc1 67.Rh5 Kg6 68.Rd5 Kf6 69.Kf3 Rc3+ 70.Ke4 Rc4+ 71.Ke3 Ke6 72.Rh5 Kd7 73.Kf3 Ke7 74.Kg4 Rc1 75.f5 Kf8

[75…Rxc5?? 76.f6+]

76.Rh8+ Ke7 77.Rh7+ Ke8 78.Rc7

The way to win this endgame is to transpose from a R+2P versus R endgame to an easily winning R+P versus R. He could accomplish this by 78.Kg5! Rxc5 79.Kg6 with the idea Rh8+. White has a simple win because the black king is on the long side. 79…Rc1 80.Rh8+ Kd7 81.f6 Rg1+ 82.Kf7 Rf1 83.Rh6 Rg1 84.Rg6 Rf1 85.Kf8 Ra1 86.f7 Rf1 87.Rg7 (87.Kg7?? Ke7=) 87…Ra1 88.Kg8 the end. The move chosen by Larsen does not give anything away yet. That comes later.

78…Kd8 79.Rc6 Kd7 80.Rd6+ Ke7 <D>

Position after 80…Ke7

81.f6+?

Torre: SuperGM Larsen again played very fast at this point and did not realize that his last move was a serious mistake. Correct is 81.Re6+! Kd7 (81…Kf7 82.c6 Rf1 83.Kg5 Rf2 84.Rd6 Black would have had no alternative but to resign.) 82.c6+ Kc7 83.Kg5 Rg1+ 84.Kh6 Rg2 85.f6 Rf2 86.Kg7 Rg2+ 87.Kf8 Kd8 88.Re7 Rh2 89.c7+ Kc8 90.f7 Rg2 91.Ke8.

81…Kf7 82.c6 Kg6 83.Kf3 Re1

This is White’s problem. If he advances the c-pawn then 84.c7 Rc1 forces him to give up one of the pawns with a dead draw. The Black rook cuts off his king from the queenside and also on the kingside Larsen’s king cannot approach his own pawn. Now it is clear that White cannot strengthen his position.

84.Kf4 Re2 85.Rd5 Rc2

[85…Kxf6? is erroneous: 86.Rc5 Re8 87.Rf5+! Kg6 (87…Ke7 88.Re5+ Kf7 89.Rxe8 Kxe8 90.Ke5+–) 88.Re5! Rc8 89.Re6+ Kf7 90.Ke5 wins]

86.Rd6 Re2 87.f7+ Kxf7 88.Kf5 Ke7 89.Rd7+ Ke8 90.Kf6 Re1 91.Rd5 Rc1 92.Rd6 Rf1+ 93.Ke6 Re1+ 94.Kd5 Rd1+ 95.Kc5 Rxd6 96.Kxd6 Kd8 ½–½

So, finally, the “Great Dane” was halted. Torre got a tremendous ovation from the gallery and received flowers from his new fans.

GM Joey Antonio told me a story of the 1998 Elista Olympiad, held in Kalmykia, Russia (take note that this is 25 years after the Leningrad Interzonal). During the rest day the Philippine team went to a nearby marketplace and, to their surprise, the market vendors recognized Torre, and remembered him as the one who stopped Larsen. Yes, Russians take their chess seriously.

 

Bobby Ang is a founding member of the National Chess Federation of the Philippines and its first Executive Director. A Certified Public Accountant, he taught accounting in the University of Santo Tomas for 25 years and is currently Chief Audit Executive of the Equicom Group of Companies.

bobby@cpamd.net

RapidPassPH turned over to government agencies for full adoption

Created to streamline movement for frontliner workers and essential goods, RapidPassPH enables frontliners to easily acquire quarantine passes that can be used to quickly move through quarantine checkpoints. The system also ensures that only authorized frontliners, skeletal workforces, and essential goods will be able to pass through.

This week, the operations of RapidPassPH was formally handed over to the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT), and the Philippine National Police (PNP), following the successful completion of RapidPassPH 1.0.

The platform was built in under 30 days through the efforts of the volunteers of the DEVCON Community of Technology Experts (DCTx) together with its partnership with the DOST, DICT, AFP, and PNP.

The PNP Joint Task Force COVID Shield, led by Police Lt. General Guillermo Lorenzo Eleazar, will enforce RapidPassPH’s full implementation throughout the Quarantine Control Points (QCPs) of Metro Manila. PLDT facilitated the implementation by donating 540 phones as scanners for the checkpoints.

“We would like to thank the DEVCON volunteers for coming up with this innovative solution which has eased the burden for our personnel in quarantine checkpoints,” said DOST Secretary Fortunato T. de la Pena.

“We would like to thank our partners, DICT, PNP, and DOST-NCR for working together in deploying RapidPass,” he said. “We also thank our partners from the private sector – Microsoft, PLDT, and SM – for donating phones to be used by PNP personnel at QCPs and bandwidth for the operation of RapidPass.”

The RapidPassPH Coordination Group, formed by the DOST, DICT, PNP, and DEVCON, will ensure the continuous and effective operation and implementation of RapidPassPH.

RapidPassPH will continue to receive updates and system improvements from DCTx as the country continues to implement different versions of community quarantines. DCTx in particular will continue to focus on other projects still in the works that will support the frontliners and the Filipino people against the coronavirus.

HK Filipino domestic workers turn to digitalization for employment

Foreign domestic workers are an often overlooked part of the Hong Kong landscape. But as COVID-19 continues to spread across the local population, this group is among the most at risk. Since the beginning of the crisis, the 400,000 domestic workers currently living in the city have been subject to new regulations, compromises, travel bans, and contract terminations.

In response to these restrictions is a pronounced shift towards digital solutions.

HelperChoice.com, the leading online platform for the recruitment of domestic helpers, has witnessed a strong increase of its traffic since the implementation of social distancing. New users on the platform jumped up by 150% between late March and early April. 

Mahee Leclerc, Head of HelperChoice in Hong Kong, said “Hong Kong residents are limiting unnecessary travels as much as possible right now, most of them are working from home, so it’s logical to switch to an online solution to hire their domestic helper instead of going to an agency.”

According to a study conducted by the platform in December 2019, 84% of migrant workers in Hong Kong use digital tools (such as online transfers or e-wallets) to transfer part of their wages to their country of origin. After months of political turmoil followed by a public health scare, Hong Kongers and foreign domestic workers, who used to favor traditional employment agencies, are now also turning to online services for recruitment – seemingly ushering in a structural change in the industry.

Empowering migrant Filipinos

HelperChoice is part of a community of social impact startups in Hong Kong. The service offers transparent access to the job market and more flexibility for both foreign domestic workers and employers in the city. The team is currently helping hundreds of domestic workers whose contracts have been terminated due to the relocation of their employers amid the Covid-19 crisis, while working on the expansion of their services.

Based on data shared by the company, since January, 92% of the 15,000 applicants looking for a job in Hong Kong were Filipinos.
Of those applicants, 60% had a finished contract, whereas 13% had a terminated contract. Amongst those with terminated contracts, 92% were Filipinos.

Relocation was the reason 40% of Filipinos saw their contracts terminated, making the data “linked to the COVID-19 situation,” says Leclerc:

Safe and fair working conditions

Technologies like these are mitigating the economic impact of this pandemic among one of Hong Kong’s most at-risk populations, migrant workers.

But HelperChoice has also put in place systems to ensure domestic workers are safe even beyond the current crisis.

HelperChoice provides support to both helpers and employers in order to ensure safe and fair working conditions during the contract of employment. These are guaranteed through the establishment of an ethical charter for all employers. The platform also carries out surveys on working conditions and monitors local regulations to inform domestic helpers of their rights.

Survey reveals ‘resiliently optimistic’ outlook among real estate stakeholders amid COVID-19

The real estate sector still holds an optimistic outlook in spite of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis, a local real estate consultancy firm concluded in its latest survey.

Out of nearly 500 landlords, occupiers and investors in the country PRIME Philippines surveyed last March 2020, 55% of them still see the 2020 year-end outlook of the Philippines as ‘fair’ to ‘very optimistic’.

Thirty-three percent of these real estate stakeholders, meanwhile, are at the lower end of the scale with ‘slightly pessimistic’ outlook.

Nonetheless, PRIME Philippines noted that most of these stakeholders expressed during their discussions with the firm that their outlook will still depend on what’s going to happen in the next few months.

“Reasonably, these landlords have had tenants asking for rental concessions, tenants have had a challenged cashflow generation and investor/developers have had their plans moved by almost 6 months in average,” PRIME Philippines explained in a statement. “All had their own fair shares of the impact of the COVID-19 crisis which resulted in an estimated 30% to 40% average net income loss projection for 2020.”

PRIME Philippines’ survey also showed that “around 3 out of 5 respondents see that estate prices have had little to no changes or has continued to appreciate.”

Repeated key themes were also identified during the survey proper such as “uncertainty”, “survival”, and “time”. These themes indicate the seeming wariness in the face of further unforeseen events.

While the caution is at a high, almost a third of the respondents still had a ‘fair’ business outlook for 2020.

The firm also shared that based on further discussions with their respondents, business confidence is projected to bounce back towards third to fourth quarter of the year as more economic stimuli are put in place and the health situation in the Philippines improves. — ADRIAN PAUL B. CONOZA

How to sustain a business during COVID-19 crisis

Agora awardees sharesdiz insights in keeping business health in check

By Adrian Paul B. Conoza
Special Features Writer, BusinessWorld

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has forced consumers to be confined to their homes, pushed most establishments to shift to a remote work mode, and has kept essential services open and even making them busier.

This calls for businesses to check the health of their companies and immediately respond to this ongoing crisis, as esteemed leaders from diverse sectors discussed in the fourth online forum of the Philippine Marketing Association (PMA) last April 15.

The panel, all of whom are awardees of PMA’s annual Agora Awards, shared their experiences on how they have been sustaining the health of their businesses during the crisis.

Ana Maria Aboitiz Delgado, chief customer experience officer of UnionBank, shared that the bank is up and running in full force, with 90% of their workforce running the bank securely from home.

“The fact that we heavily invested in digital over the last few years has prepared us to ride out this crisis well and to continue to serve our customers as they should be served,” Ms. Delgado added.

Lafayette Alvarez Lim, chief executive officer (CEO) and president of New City Commercial Corporation (NCCC), said that it has been difficult times for their supermarkets as they have gone busier.

“It’s really been a very challenging time to operate a supermarket, with the logistics and even the stocks coming from Luzon not coming in a quickly and not in the desired quantity,” Mr. Lim observed.

Nonetheless, NCCC keeps its fighting spirit with workers whom its CEO commended for helping the supermarkets continue serving their communities.

Paulo Tibig, president and CEO of VCargo Worldwide, shared that even before the enhanced community quarantine (ECQ), their company has seen that they would encounter a critical situation as a logistics company.

Currently, he continued, they are one of the few shipping companies that handle medicines, COVID test kits, and related shipments in the fight against COVID-19.

Jorge Noel Wieneke, owner and president of Tokyo Tempura and the president of Association of Filipino Franchisers, Inc. (AFFI), said that as a company founder, he has been preparing for the crisis.

Upon accepting the reality and assessing the effects of the pandemic to the business, he is in the process of negotiating with other people and is thinking of ways to innovate the business, such as venturing to online delivery.

“We’ve been doing this for two weeks. It’s giving us some hope and motivation to really survive,” Mr. Wieneke added.

Initiatives during ECQ

During the online forum, the panel also shared the actions they have put in place in order to sustain their business during the crisis.

Ms. Delgado shared its numerous initiatives during the ECQ. It kept most of its branches open for the first two weeks, and retained those with critical numbers of transactions.

Other actions UnionBank took include extending due dates for loans, waiving bank transfer fees, reminding the public not to share sensitive information such as one-time pins, and rolling out its 5G-enabled Bank On Wheels to supplement ATMs.

A remarkable initiative by UnionBank is its integration of remittance services through the bank’s mobile app, which was a product of collaborating with remittance firms.

At NCCC malls and supermarkets, Mr. Lim shared, associates and employees from different business units have been allowed to apply for work at the supermarkets. The company has also given its employees financial incentives and assistance during this crisis.

The company has also set safety protocols for personnel and customers as well as regular disinfection measures on its branches.

Mr. Lim also noted that they have set different modes of shopping in place, namely the online grocery, call-and-delivery, and call-and-pickup services.

It’s sister printing business, PrintLife, has produced face shields, aerosol boxes, and swabbing stations, which are donated to hospitals.

Mr. Tibig, meanwhile, shared that VCargo has established safety protocols in its hubs and offices as early as late January, and it has conducted many orientations for its teams considering that couriers meet a lot of people in their work.

The company, its CEO continued, has aligned its operational activities with business counterparts and has tried to develop with them plans to ensure continuity within the value chain and supply chain of principals.

He also stressed staying relevant to what they are offering as a company. “Logistics is always an integral part. It cannot be removed. While we have a team that works from home for alignments, coordination, and monitoring, we still need that physical distribution,” he said.

Mr. Wieneke, on the other hand, said he wears two hats in managing the effects of the crisis.

As the owner of Tokyo Tempura, he started responding by taking care of his employees. He then went towards staying relevant and connected to customers, which materialized into a Tokyo Tempura Kit consisting of 80 pieces of shrimps that customers buy and cook at their own homes.

“We saw an opportunity that food has a feature of family activity,” Mr. Wieneke observed when he saw pictures from customers cooking the shrimps with family members.

As the president of AFFI, he takes the lead in caring for the association’s members. AFFI has created a public forum as well as a health hotline catering to the needs of members. The organization has also started a program where members can call them during this crisis.

“I’m lending my shoulder and my ears to them, because everybody is kind of worried,” he said. “Definitely, the 99.6% is hit by this situation. All of us will be in the starting line again.”

Adjusting to uncertainties

PMA’s online forum has also captured insights from these leaders on how companies could adjust to these uncertain situations.

Mr. Wieneke advised businesses to get out of a shocked state of mind and accept the reality. “You cannot hide from reality. If you hide from reality, you will lose everything,” he said. “This is the time where you assess already and innovate your product.”

He added that the mentality of the startup will serve as their weapon in fighting the effects of the crisis, since every business has started small and so have been accustomed to this kind of mentality.

Mr. Lim also agrees in getting out of the mentality of being stuck in the status quo and so advised businesses to pick up from their strengths and start looking at what they are going to do next.

Also, Mr. Tibig finds this crisis as another instance when the resiliency of leaders is being revealed.

“In times like these, we need people who will organize ways and means to ensure that our companies will survive,” he stressed, challenging businesses to look for “what this crisis would bring to the table”.

He also finds collaboration with stakeholders and cooperation within the value chain vital actions to take.

For Ms. Delgado, this crisis is a powerful time to build and maintain connections with people.

“Even amidst the crisis people still have wants, desires, and dreams. While they are afraid and can’t go out, if your brand can make a way to get to them at home, you will earn so much brand equity,” she said.

The panel also actively discussed revisiting early concepts, drive-thru groceries for example. Most of these are what Mr. Tibig refers to as the convenience concept, where goods and services are brought to the doorstep of consumers.

Such concepts might not have been effective before, the panel agreed, yet perhaps they have been waiting for a fitting time like this crisis to become helpful and profitable ventures.

Tax haul to be ‘very bad’ this month

By Beatrice M. Laforga
Reporter

THE government expects tax collections to plunge this month, as oil prices and demand plummeted and income tax payment deadlines were deferred due to the ongoing Luzon-wide lockdown.

Finance Secretary Carlos G. Dominguez III on Tuesday warned that collections by the Bureaus of Internal Revenue (BIR) and Customs (BoC) will be “very bad” this month.

“Will issue soon the preliminary figures up to 4/15 (April 15). As you can imagine they will be very bad,” Mr. Dominguez told reporters via Viber, referring to the collections of the two agencies.

National Treasurer Rosalia V. de Leon said collections are smaller this month compared to April 2019, based on the collections BoC and BIR remitted to the national treasury since April 1.

“Lower than last year,” Ms. De Leon said in a Viber message on Tuesday.

Data from the Bureau of the Treasury (BTr) showed tax revenues stood at P288.9 billion in April 2019, 2.8% up from the same month in 2018. The BIR collected P235.5 billion in April 2019, while BoC collections stood at P51.7 billion.

The BIR’s biggest tax haul is usually recorded in April, as the deadline for filing and payment of annual income tax returns (ITR) is set on April 15. The deadline has been moved to end-May after the enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) was extended to April 30.

BIR Deputy Commissioner for Operations Arnel SD. Guballa said the deferment of tax filing and payments deadlines will drag April collections significantly lower.

“The annual ITR filing and payment was moved to May. Income tax (collection) is about P145 billion,” Mr. Guballa said in a mobile phone message.

Mr. Guballa added the decline in revenues could also be attributed to dampened business sales as the ECQ forced most Filipinos to stay home and other businesses, except for essentials, to halt operations temporarily.

BoC Assistant Commissioner and Spokesperson Vincent Philip C. Maronilla told BusinessWorld that a slump in oil prices and lower demand has dragged Customs revenues lower.

“Oil imports is our biggest revenue generator. Volume and value of oil are down,” Mr. Maronilla said via Viber.

In the first quarter, BIR and BoC generated P600.86 billion in collections, short by 20.63% of its P757.12-billion target and P10.17 billion lower year on year.

The Finance department has estimated that the government’s revenues could decline by as much as P318 billion if the 2020 gross domestic product will contract by one percent or by P286.4 billion if the economy posts zero growth.

However, Ms. De Leon assured that the funding gap could be covered by revenues generated by other agencies, income of the BTr, dividends from state-owned firms and other contributions.

The two agencies were tasked to collect P3.307 trillion this year, with BIR’s target at P2.576 trillion and BoC’s at P731 billion.

PHL seen to benefit from slump in oil prices

THE Philippines as a net oil importer would be a “big beneficiary” of the continued slump in global oil prices, although lower prices and plunging demand would likely translate into lower tax collections for the government.

“We will be a big beneficiary of the oil price crash. We import $10 billion of petrol products per year. Our domestic production of oil, all for export, is minimal and production drops every year,” Finance Undersecretary and Chief Economist Gil S. Beltran said in a mobile phone message.

US crude oil futures sank below $0 for the first time in history on Monday, amid a coronavirus-induced supply glut, Reuters reported.

The international benchmark, Brent crude, also slid but not as steep, dipping 9% to end at $25.57 a barrel.

UnionBank of the Philippines, Inc. Chief Economist Ruben Carlo O. Asuncion said a slump in oil prices is still “net positive,” as ultra-low pump prices will help the Philippines jumpstart its economy once the lockdown is lifted.

However, he noted for Southeast Asian markets, including the Philippines, the benchmark Mean of Platts Singapore (MoPS) “has not suffered the recent fate of the WTI (West Texas Intermediate).”

The government expects to see a decline in tax collections from petroleum products, as pump prices and demand continue to slide amid the coronavirus pandemic.

In a Viber message, Bureau of Customs Assistant Commissioner and Spokesperson Vincent Philip C. Maronilla said that the volume and value of oil imports are down so far in April.

This threatens Customs collections as imported oil is the bureau’s biggest revenue generator.

“There will be [a] lower collection of VAT due to lesser value of petroleum products… and lesser excise tax due to lesser volume of importation,” Rino E. Abad, Department of Energy Oil Industry Management Bureau director, told BusinessWorld.

In the first quarter of 2020, he said that the volume of Philippine oil imports decreased by as much as 460 million liters to 3.3 billion liters from 3.7 billion liters during the same period a year ago.

Mr. Abad noted that from January-to-date, gasoline prices have fallen by P14.52 per liter (L), diesel by P13.94/L, kerosene by P19.15/L and liquified petroleum gas (LPG) by P9.25 per kilogram.

Consumers can expect lower pump prices, although most cannot take advantage of this as Luzon remains under enhanced community quarantine.

“As we follow and reflect oil prices in the world market, these decreases definitely will drive local pump prices down. These were manifested in the numerous rollbacks in the recent weeks,” said Phoenix Petroleum Philippines, Inc. Senior Vice-President Raymond T. Zorrilla.

“As oil companies import its petroleum requirements abroad, [t]axes levied thereon will be dependent on the volume imported by the oil companies,” he added.

Until consumer demand is restored “oil prices will remain weak for the rest of the year,” according to Eastern Petroleum Corp. Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Fernando L. Martinez.

Mr. Martinez estimated demand for petroleum products declined by as much as 60% in the past month, noting this “will certainly impact both on VAT and specific tax collection for the first six months of the year, with possible recovery for the second half of 2020.”

Unioil Petroleum Philippines, Inc. President Kenneth C. Pundanera said the historic crash in US oil futures does not have a significant impact on the Philippine market.

“The price of WTI does not have any impact on demand except for maybe if this eventually is reflected on the retail prices in the US and consumers decide to travel more. But given the current situation consumers will not be able to take advantage so much of the low fuel prices because of the travel restrictions,” Mr. Pundanera said.

Mr. Martinez, who also heads the Independent Philippine Petroleum Companies Association (IPPCA), said the government should take advantage of the low oil prices to boost infrastructure activities in the country.

“These massive collapse[s] in interventional oil price[s] can benefit local construction, transport, and logistics industry as soon as the government decides to resume and gradually normalize these industries,” Mr. Martinez said.

“Provided that the necessary safety protocols for workers and employees are in place and strictly observed, IPPCA supports the phased lifting per area of the transport, construction, manufacturing, hospitality, and real estate industry,” he added. — Beatrice M. Laforga and Adam J. Ang

Virus threatens world’s most crowded jail

By Norman P. Aquino Special Reports Editor
and
Vann Marlo M. Villegas Reporter

ADELBERTO A. SILVA, 72, has been languishing in a jail near the Philippine capital for one-and-a-half years, while being tried for illegal gun possession.

Now, he wants to get out of jail to escape a brewing coronavirus outbreak that threatens the lives of inmates, jail workers and surrounding communities in the most overcrowded incarceration system in the world.

At least 40 inmates and jail workers mostly in Metro Manila have been infected with the virus so far with one death, prompting Human Rights Watch (HRW) to urge the government of President Rodrigo R. Duterte to act fast and release some detainees to prevent a major health catastrophe.

“Everyone acknowledges that jails in the Philippines are obscenely overcrowded, with people living right on top of each other, and recognizes that COVID-19 is an incredibly contagious disease that can spread like wildfire through crowds,” Phil Robertson, deputy Asia director at HRW, said in an e-mailed reply to questions.

“So it is astonishing that the government is being so obtuse and refusing to reduce prison populations by releasing those inmates held for nonviolent, relatively minor offenses,” he said.

“Without quick action to significantly reduce overcrowding, the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) could find itself facing thousands of seriously sick prisoners and no way to quarantine or care for them,” he added.

Nine inmates and nine staff members at a jail in Quezon City — a highly urbanized and the Philippines’ most populous city — have the coronavirus, according to the local jail bureau.

The city jail was built for 800 prisoners but housed 3,800 inmates as of 2016, making social distancing as a control measure simply impossible.

Meanwhile, at least 19 convicts and a staff member at the Correctional Institute for Women in Mandaluyong City have also been infected, according to the BuCor.

Two inmates at the Cebu City Jail were also infected, one of them dying before he could get his test result, ABS-CBN News reported on Tuesday, citing the mayor.

With 215,000 prisoners nationwide, Philippine jails and prisons are overfilled more than five times their official capacity, making it the most overcrowded prison system in the world, according to the World Prison Brief (WPB).

NO TOILETS
As of 2017, it had 933 jails — seven national prisons and 926 city, district, municipal and provincial jails, which are not enough to contain inmates, three-quarters of whom are at the pretrial stage, WPB said on its website.

Many jails in the Philippines fail to meet the minimum United Nations standards given inadequate food, poor nutrition and unsanitary conditions.

“So many inmates die of diseases while in jail,” Hannah Glimpse Nario-Lopez, an assistant professor at the University of the Philippines’ Department of Sociology, said by telephone.

“There’s tuberculosis, boils and diarrhea. There’s not enough food and water, and facilities are dirty,” she said. “They don’t even have toilets there. Sometimes they defecate in cans — it’s really, really terrible. The coronavirus pandemic heightens the concern.”

While people often use “prison” and “jail” interchangeably, these are not the same.

The local jails house inmates charged with crimes but are not yet convicted, waiting to pay bail to be released until trial or can’t afford bail, as well as those with a jail sentence of three years or less.

These are managed by the BJMP under the Department of Interior and Local Government.

On the other hand, the seven national prisons and penal farms hold prisoners convicted of crimes with sentences of more than three years and are managed by the Bureau of Corrections under the Department of Justice.

The local Commission on Human Rights has repeatedly flagged the worsening congestion in the country’s jails, more recently because of the high and sudden influx of arrested suspects in connection with Mr. Duterte’s war on drugs that has killed several thousands.

“There are also other reasons such as delays in the issuance of commitment orders, slow disposition of cases or protracted trials, small lock-up cells and the inability of detainees to post bail,” it said.

Tens of thousands of inmates are often detained far longer without ever seeing a judge. About 75% of the country’s 215,000 prisoners are in the pretrial stage.

Police have suspended anti-drug operations while the main Philippine island of Luzon is on lockdown until April 30, spokesman Brigadier General Bernard Banac said in a mobile phone message.

“All activities are geared toward prevention of the spread of COVID-19 under the enhanced community quarantine,” he said. The government has also banned visitations at the country’s jails and prisons.

‘FAIR CHANCE’
Mr. Silva, one of 22 political prisoners who have sought judicial relief on humanitarian grounds, claims to be hypertensive and at high risk of dying in case he gets infected with the virus that has sickened more than 6,000 and killed about 400 people in the Philippines.

“The petitioners are praying for a fair chance at surviving the devastating impact of the COVID-19 outbreak in spaces that are not blighted with overcrowding and lack of access to hygiene measures and medical care,” according to a copy of their pleading.

Gabriel Chaklag, a spokesman for the BuCor, said on April 17 there were no confirmed COVID-19 cases at the national penitentiary in Muntinlupa City but nine inmates were being monitored.

“If ever infections arise, we have mechanisms in place to deal with that situation,” Mr. Chaklag said in a mobile phone message. “Firstly, we have isolation areas for quarantine purposes.”

He also said the bureau has partnered with hospitals in case prisoners need to be treated and hospitalized. “That is on top of our prevention measures in place.”

Justice Secretary Menardo I. Guevarra said the BuCor had taken “the necessary precautionary measures early on.”

“That’s why there have been only a few reported cases there. The DoJ is closely monitoring the situation there, and has recommended more stringent measures should there be any sign of a developing contagion,” he said in a mobile phone message.

Mr. Robertson noted that in countries like Thailand, Sri Lanka and the US, prisoners have rioted because they thought authorities were refusing to protect them from the virus that has sickened 2.5 million and killed more than 170,000 people worldwide.

He said the government should release prisoners only if they are detained for non-serious or nonviolent offenses.

“Top priority should go to older prisoners, particularly over the age of 60, and sick prisoners with underlying medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease and cancer,” he said.

The government should also release inmates in pretrial detention and find alternatives to make sure they appear for trial, the HRW director said.

“Prisoners with relatively short sentences of less than two years, and those with one year or less left to serve are also good candidates for release,” he said.

“Of course, those detained for political reasons, peacefully asserting their rights and all others detained without sufficient legal basis should also be immediately released,” he added.

The Justice department, one of three agencies in charge of the country’s jail system, declined to say whether there was a push to release some prisoners.

“The issue on the release of inmates with pending cases is sub judice,” Mr. Guevarra said in a mobile phone message, citing the pending case at the Supreme Court.

“As for persons deprived of liberty who are already serving their final sentence, their release is governed by existing rules on good conduct and special time credits, parole and executive clemency,” he added.

The tribunal has ordered the government to comment on the lawsuit that seeks to allow the release of the 22 inmates through bail on humanitarian grounds.

Several groups including a congressional bloc and judicial reform lobbyists have also called on the court to order the release of the prisoners.

The tribunal’s court administrator this week also asked trial judges to enforce a six-year-old rule allowing the release of detainees who have been jailed for a time equal to the minimum of the penalty charged, amid the pandemic.

Mr. Robertson criticized the Justice chief for “making such an inane comment.” “Hiding behind court procedures at a time of crisis is hardly an indication of effective leadership,” he said.

“Instead of ducking the issue, the Justice secretary should be implementing plans for alternatives to incarceration for persons in pretrial detention for nonviolent crimes — including bail, electronic monitoring and other similar mechanisms,” he added.

The HRW director said the Philippines has “painted itself into a corner” by failing to address the massive crowding in its prisons.

“Now that there is a crisis, they can’t just snap their fingers and expect new prison space to appear out of thin air,” Mr. Robertson said.

“Urgently reviewing cases of inmates and releasing prisoners based on clear, publicly pronounced criteria is really the only way forward. Should the government fail to act, they will be effectively sentencing some of these prisoners to death by COVID-19,” he added.

New NEDA chief lays out priorities

THE new chief of the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) will prioritize finishing the economic recovery plan and frontloading the registration of five million people to the national ID system.

NEDA Acting Secretary Karl Kendrick T. Chua, who assumed office on Tuesday, said the target is to register five million people to the national ID system this year, which will help the government’s distribution of relief measures amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The ID system will be “slowly” ramped up to 40 million next year and 40 million more in 2022.

“The marching orders that were given to me upon my appointment, one is to prepare the recovery plan and second is to accelerate the implementation of the national ID,” Mr. Chua said in an online press briefing yesterday.

He said they will register five million people from different households to the national ID system this year for wider coverage.

Mr. Chua said the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), an attached agency of NEDA and the main implementing agency of the national ID program, will use the next two months to finish procurement and other preparations so registration could begin by June or July, “once the lockdown is relaxed or modified.”

The official, however, did not elaborate on his position on the possible extension of the enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) after April 30, saying he will remain dependent on data and assess tradeoffs.

“I will base my recommendations, if asked, on the evidence coming from the scientific community, in particular those contracted to model the epidemic curve of the virus. From there, once we see the cost of changing our decision on the ECQ and the benefit in the economic gain, then we will be able to make a decision. I have no preference, I will look at the data and make my recommendation based on that,” he said when asked on his recommendation regarding the lockdown.

Mr. Chua, who was appointed last Friday following the resignation of Ernesto M. Pernia, also said he did “not covet” the position but will answer the “call of duty.”

He said he ordered his fellow NEDA officials that there be “no movement until the end of May” for organizational changes so the agency will not be “bogged down” internally as it responds to the economic challenges of the health crisis.

PRIORITY PROJECTS
Meanwhile, Mr. Chua said there are no firm details yet on the “Anticipatory and Forward Planning” report the NEDA will submit to the Inter-Agency Task Force on Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF) as this is still a “working plan.”

“The uncertainty is the reality and we will have to be very flexible. We indeed will submit the report to the IATF but it is a working draft, working paper. Maybe next week we can increase the testing capacity and that will change a lot of what is happening today. ECQ only buys us time. It does not solve the problem. We have to look at it from a day-to-day basis…from there we will assess where our recovery plan should be headed,” he said.

He, however, said the government will determine infrastructure projects under the Duterte administration’s “Build, Build, Build” program that will be prioritized once the situation normalizes.

“We will be entering a new normal and we will have to determine which of the ‘Build, Build, Build’ (projects) will have the maximum impact,” he said.

The acting NEDA chief noted the government needs to better assess the risks from the pandemic as well as the results of earlier relief measures before it can review the projects and decide which will be prioritized.

Without going into details, Mr. Chua said resuming the implementation and construction of infrastructure projects under the administration’s P8-trillion flagship program will be the main growth driver for the economy as this will spur job growth, on top of its multiplier effects.

However, he said continuing the “Build, Build, Build” program will only start once agencies are “allowed to continue and it is safe to go out and work.”

The NEDA chief said the Development Budget Coordination Committee (DBCC) will soon revise their macroeconomic targets following the rebasing and revision of the gross domestic product (GDP) base year to 2018, as well as to incorporate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Before the crisis, the government targeted 6.5-7.5% GDP growth for this year.

Meanwhile, using 2018 as the base, Philippine GDP growth averaged six percent in 2019, a tad faster than the 5.9% previously reported in January that used 2000 prices. — B.M. Laforga

Allow makers of non-essential goods to open — industry group

FPI recommends a calibrated opening of the manufacturing sectors. — VICTOR V. SAULON

By Jenina P. Ibañez, Reporter

THE Federation of Philippines Industries (FPI) has recommended a set of conditions for the reopening of non-essential manufacturing operations.

FPI Chairman Jesus Lim Arranza in a letter to government officials on Monday said there will be a need to meet demand for products after the enhanced community quarantine is lifted, including materials for home and auto repair and maintenance.

“A gravely affected manufacturer may no longer have the resources, efficiency, and inertia to re-start its operation,” he said.

The letter, in which the group recommended a “calibrated” opening of manufacturing operations, was addressed to the secretaries of the finance, trade, health, foreign affairs, local government, justice, labor, tourism, and transportation departments.

Mr. Arranza said that manufacturers of non-essential goods must now be allowed to operate if companies are willing to restart operations immediately, and conduct sanitation measures before doing so.

The companies must also have employee housing close to their facilities, and offer transportation. FPI said that workers should not be allowed to return to their respective homes, and companies must present an action plan in case of emergencies.

“All personnel who will work must be tested with a legitimate testing kit for COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) at the outset and at the expense of the company, and that only those tested negative will be allowed to return to work,” Mr. Arranza said.

The group also recommended the creation of a committee, with government and manufacturing private sector representatives, to coordinate restarting operations.

Manufacturing operations of essential goods like food and healthcare products are currently allowed during the enhanced community quarantine, along with the manufacturing of pet food and hygiene products.

For work premises, Mr. Arranza said social distancing must be implemented and employees must be given personal protective equipment.

He also said the companies must identify the groups included in their supply chain, including hardware and logistics, so that they may be allowed to operate and support the needs of manufacturing.

The companies’ Inter-Agency Task Force for Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF) IDs, he said, should be distinct from workers producing food products.

“Once a manufacturer re-opens, it will jumpstart the economic movement of practically all of its entire supply chain that will save the government and companies from subsidizing these affected people who will now be earning salaries and income, thereby allowing both private and the government to focus more of these resources to the more pressing matters it is facing,” Mr. Arranza said, noting that most manufacturing plants are in isolated or secure areas.

ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
Meanwhile, Trade Secretary Ramon M. Lopez replied to the Center for Alcohol Research and Development Foundation Inc. (CARD) after it asked for the lifting of the ban on alcoholic beverages.

Mr. Lopez said that directives banning alcohol were decided by some local government units, and is not covered by the limitations on manufacturing companies that are allowed to operate during the lockdown, which is set until end-April.

Manufacturing is permitted only for basic food, essential products, and their value chain to limit the movement of people and stop the spread of COVID-19.

“It must be limited to these very essential products that the people cannot live without. It is unfortunate that your sector is not part of the permitted sector,” he said.

“Nevertheless, we would like to further clarify that the directive concerning the permitted establishments covers the manufacturing operations and not the selling of these products from the retailers. Products that are in the supermarkets and retail stores and the movement of cargoes have not been prohibited by the IATF (Inter-Agency Task Force on Emerging Infectious Diseases) nor any of the agencies thereof.”

Mr. Lopez sent his reply to CARD Chairman Gerardo Tan Tee on April 17, a day after the original letter.

In Metro Manila, the local governments of Mandaluyong, Manila, Muntinlupa, and Quezon City have imposed a ban on the sale of alcoholic beverages.

WFH during the ECQ: Lazada’s Neil Trinidad

IT is more than a month into the Luzon-wide quarantine and while many people still go to work as essential workers and frontliners, even more employees have had to adjust to a work from home lifestyle where video conferencing is the name of the game.

For Neil Trinidad, the chief marketing officer of e-commerce platform Lazada Philippines, it came as a surprise just how productive the company could be even without employees being physically present in an office. It says a lot about the importance of more companies going digital, he told BusinessWorld in an e-mail interview on April 21.

He also discussed how it’s important for him to keep a routine and shift into “work mode” at home — which means wearing linen shirts and pants and house slippers, and learning how to cut his own hair.

The interview has been edited for clarity.

WHAT IS YOUR PREFERRED MEETING METHOD AND WHY?
We use Dingtalk, which is [the Alibaba Group’s] enterprise communication and collaboration platform. Lazada is a regional company, so working remotely is not something new.

Daily, our communication tools enable me to stay connected with my team, make fast decisions, run multiple workstreams, and do quick work turnarounds. We also have video conferencing tools to stay engaged — we do weekly coffee sessions with the marketing team, dress up according to a theme, and share positive focus — things we’re grateful for or new things we’ve learned.

We also utilize the software to conduct company-wide livestreams for our employees, alternately hosted by our executive team, keeping them up-to-date on what’s happening with the business and staying connected even as we all work apart in our homes.

WHERE IS YOUR HOME OFFICE LOCATED?
My home office is in our study room/guest room. I have a great view of [Bonifacio Global City] with lots of natural light and fresh air. I realized early on how important it is to create an inspiring workspace at home. I set up my desk with a plant, an aromatherapy diffuser, a lamp, and a Google Home Mini for ambient music, which I turn on in between calls.

WHAT TIME DO YOU START YOUR WORKDAY NOW COMPARED TO BACK WHEN YOU ACTUALLY WENT TO THE OFFICE?

My day starts before 9 a.m., answering messages from the various teams and catching up on e-mails. Like many others, I have back-to-back meetings and calls throughout the day. I also always make sure that I do regular alignments with the team so we’re all aligned on things that need to be accomplished for the week.

I’ve been amazed at how productive work from home can be for us at Lazada. During the ECQ, we’ve been: able to resume operations of essential goods on our e-commerce platform; start a digital giving fundraiser for frontliners through LazadaForGood; created and operated new livestream shows, like our LazadaForGood #RadioGives Charity Concert Series, and a brand-new show, Sing It! with Mimiyuuuh, all of which were written, produced, and streamed from home.

DO YOU TAKE BREAKS?
In between meetings, I play with my dogs and catch up on social media. In the afternoon, I grab myself a cup of Nespresso and play blinks from Blinkist. I’ve been wanting to read more, but I haven’t had the time, so I catch up on the books I’ve wanted to read by listening to 15-minute blinks.

DO YOU STILL DRESS UP FOR WORK OR ARE YOU MORE CASUAL IN THE WORK FROM HOME SET UP?

It’s really important for me to mentally and physically transition to work mode. I still maintain my morning routine and I try to “dress up” for work, which now means linen shirts and pants and house slippers. And I learned how to cut my own hair, an [enhanced community quarantine] skill unlocked!

WHAT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT LESSON YOU LEARNED ABOUT WORKING FROM HOME? HOW WILL THE “NEW NORMAL” AFTER THE QUARANTINE ENDS AFFECT THE WORLD OF WORK?

From a personal view, working from home during ECQ has underscored the importance of empathy and staying connected. With so much uncertainty, I learned that you can never go wrong when you over-communicate with your team. It’s important to constantly reassure them, to clarify directions, and to keep them motivated.

From a business view, what’s clearer to me is that in this “new normal” all businesses need to be digital businesses and that all businesses need to do good. COVID-19 has been a disruptor for many SMEs (small-medium enterprises), but it’s also shown that it’s not too late to reposition your business and find new opportunities online.

Besides putting together consumer experiences as people stay indoors more, we also rallied the teams to develop a P100-million incentive seller package — the Lazada Bounce Back Together program — to help businesses have an easy, convenient [way], and the knowledge to tap into online selling for business continuity.

As I’ve mentioned, one important lesson that I share with the team was how we are able to pull off major campaigns and initiatives while working remotely. With the unprecedented circumstances, we were able to quickly rethink our strategies on what is badly needed during this time — help out in every way you can. And the only way to pull this off, it’s communication, communication, communication!

COVID-19 has also shown us that businesses and brands have the power to do good — whether it’s in helping frontliners, helping the community, or making it easier for people to transact and “live online.” Moving forward, I think all businesses and brands need to activate “purpose” as part of their business as usual. — Zsarlene B. Chua

PSALM provides grace period, staggered fees for energy sector

THE GOVERNMENT-owned Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management Corp. (PSALM) is providing power stakeholders with a grace period of paying their fees which due dates fall during the period of the enhanced community quarantine (ECQ), as well as it is allowing them to pay their dues in installments in the next four billing months.

On Tuesday, PSALM released its latest advisory adhering to the recent orders by the Department of Energy and the Energy Regulatory Commission on the payments of dues and obligations within the energy sector, as the ECQ, which was originally set to end on April 14, was extended up to the end of April.

Payments of PSALM’s fees on power billings and ancillary services that fall within the quarantine period from March 15 to April 30 were put on hold.

The order covers payments of distribution utilities, industries, ecozones and government entities of regular power bills, deferred accounting adjustments (DAA) on GRAM (generation rate adjustment mechanism) and ICERA (incremental currency exchange rate adjustment), ACRM (automatic cost recovery mechanism) true-up adjustments, remittances entitled to prompt payment discount (PPD), restructured accounts on power, and ancillary services payments due from the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP).

Also, a deadline extension is given to independent power producers (IPP) administrators for their capacity and energy payments to PSALM. They are also allowed to pay their deferred dues in installments, provided that IPPs and fuel suppliers adopt the same due date extension and payment scheme.

Entities collecting universal charges are expected to provide a grace period and a staggered bills payment scheme to electricity consumers, while PSALM also grants the collecting entities (CE) with the same extension for their remittances of universal charges to the agency.

These universal charges include missionary electrification charge, environmental charge for watershed rehabilitation and management and stranded debts.

The agency tasked to privatize the government’s power assets has been given a grace period to disburse funds from these payments to its beneficiaries.

“PSALM strongly reiterates its requirement to power customers, CEs, NGCP and IPPAs to immediately remit to PSALM any proportionate amounts that they may have already collected from their own customers, if any, without awaiting the extended due dates,” it said in the advisory.

“Customers who have the ability to pay are encouraged to continue to timely settle their bills with PSALM within the original due dates,” it added.

In a separate statement, PSALM said on Tuesday that it had again moved the deadline for the submission of bids for the third round of public bidding for the Malaya thermal power plant and its underlying land.

It set the new deadline at 12:00 noon on June 30 from May 30, citing the extension of the enhanced community quarantine.

PSALM said the dates of the other bidding activities were also adjusted. The new deadline for the filing of a request to bid as a consortium is on May 11. The submission of documentary deliverables is rescheduled to May 15, while the release of asset purchase agreement to qualified bidders is set to happen on June 16 or not later than seven days before the bid submission deadline.

PSALM said it would disclose the minimum bid price to qualified bidders immediately after it had secured the board’s decision on the matter. Its board is awaiting feedback from the Commission on Audit on the request of PSALM to allow a discounting mechanism that would lower the minimum bid price.

The agency said it was monitoring the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and that it would issue appropriate supplemental bid bulletins to modify the dates of the bidding process should these are needed. — Adam J. Ang