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In the Philippines, technology is seeping into agriculture

By Anna A. Mogato
Reporter
AGRICULTURE in the Philippines has always been associated with manual labor and backward traditional farming methods. For the Department of Agriculture (DA), the stigma of farming being a poor man’s job doesn’t make it easier to fulfill its mandate of reaching food security or attracting more people to join the sector. However, progress is already creeping into the sector slowly but surely.
In the past few years, both the government and the private sector made efforts to address self-sufficiency in important food staples through the introduction of hybrid seeds, innovative farming techniques and technology to the agriculture sector.
Agriculture Secretary Emmanuel F. Piñol in May unveiled the department’s key strategies that was “designed in such a way that they will not be just answering the needs of the people in six years but beyond 10 years, 20 years and even 50 years.”
One of these was a revolutionary guide map (www.farmersguidemap.gov.ph) which plots which crops are best grown for each area in the Philippines and where there are shallow water tables. It also indicates fertilizers needed to make up for the nutrients lacking in the area’s soil and the poverty incidence of the community selected.
“We cannot use carabaos anymore. We cannot use primitive farming methods forever,” Mr. Piñol said in preamble to the use of solar-powered irrigation system, which costs less from the traditional irrigation systems.
“Today, NIA (National Irrigation Administration) computes that for every hectare of irrigated farm, the government must spend P450,000. With the solar-powered irrigation system, we are only able to spend P150,000 per hectare and we are able to construct the solar-powered irrigation system in just a matter of 60 days.”
With the first solar-powered irrigation already set in place, the DA is eyeing to set up 170 units nationwide.
In terms of smaller scale technology, the DA also began the use of drones, which were intended to be used in vegetable farms to spray fertilizers and pesticides on a strawberry farm in Benguet last April.
This is amid farmworkers opting out because of other job prospects such as construction work. Mr. Piñol also said that the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program, more commonly known as “4Ps,” has made farmworkers “lazy.”
For farmers who stayed, however, the long-awaited use of drones and solar-powered irrigation systems to make their work easier are welcomed with open arms. The real challenge, however, is how to make these farmers pick up a smartphone and analyze the data to increase their farm yield.
APPS
This could be good news for the tech-savvy individuals who would want to get into farming but refuse to part with their phones as they tend over their fields, especially with the government’s campaign to achieve rice self-sufficiency to wean off from importing.
The Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice), more known for its invention and promotion of hybrid rice seeds, has been tinkering with the computer to develop mobile and desktop applications for some time now.
PhilRice senior science research specialist Wilfredo B. Collado said that with DA’s policy to achieve food self-sufficiency for basic food staples, PhilRice is also eyeing to “have an impact” in making the country’s rice trade “more competitive” by 2022.
“[We are] generating cutting edge agricultural innovations, vigorously guided by science and supported by policies,” he added.
One of the earlier apps PhilRice has managed to churn out is the Rice Crop Manager (RCM), a desktop application launched in 2013 intended to be used by the agency’s extension workers who reach out to the farmers nationwide. The RCM recommends what farmers need to increase their crop yield. It has so far generated 1.46 million recommendations.
However, Mr. Collado said that this does not mean that PhilRice has managed to break through that much farmers, as the RCM can give out as only as much as three recommendations per farmer.
“The slow internet connectivity is the main problem right now [as well as] the promotion of this technology especially in the provinces,” he added.
“The recommendations given to them is also not just the problem. The issue is the financial capacity of the farmers to buy fertilizers, the prices are very high [or] not all the fertilizers recommended can be found in the area. Some other issues were also in receiving the RCM recommendations.”
Mr. Collado said that among the farmers covered by the RCM, about 20% were unable to receive the recommendation or did not understand the data. In some instances, the extension workers were unable to explain the results of the RCM to the farmers.
As for the issues in the unavailability of fertilizers and pesticides, Mr. Collado said that PhilRice is “trying to really partner” with other agencies in the DA and other private companies like chemical companies, pesticide companies. “Actually,” he added, “there are already requests coming in to partner with us.”
Another project the agency is working on is an app based on the decade-old Leaf Color Chart (LCC).
In the past, the LCC, was simply printed on paper and costs about P50. With the proliferation of cheaper Android smartphones, senior research specialist Ailon Oliver V. Capistrano, who is part of the new LCC project, saw an opportunity to enhance it.
The usual chart, he explained, has four green panels. Users would compare the leaves of the rice plant to the green panels. If it falls below the least green panel, there’s a recommendation on how much nitrogen fertilizer should be applied.
“We had the idea of making it an app since the original model was based on the user’s perception so there may be variations on how we see color,” Mr. Capistrano said. “Since the app is camera-aided, we minimize the variation.”
The LCC Android app is being tested until September and is set to be released for free on the Google Play store by January.
Another mobile app PhilRice has developed, the AgriDOC App, is expected to help farmers to rise in the value chain.
Nehemiah L. Caballong, an information and communications technology expert in the agency, said: “we also want farmers to become entrepreneurs. To move up the supply chain and not be just growers.”
The AgriDOC App is a farm management tool which can keep records on expenses and activities. It also allows farmers to view their farm area through Google Maps. There is also a calendar to remind users of farm-related tasks.
Since it was made available on the Google Play store last January, around 604 farmers have already been using the offline app.
Given its functions, Mr. Caballong said that they have received feedback from the users to also expand the app’s monitoring to other crops, not just rice.
“Well, now our main focus is to improve the system and simplifying interface before we can add the other crops. We’d have to collaborate with other agencies for this like BPI (Bureau of Plant Industries) for this.”
With all the programs PhilRice has set in the pipeline, Mr. Collado said that they “envision a resilient rice farming community, benefiting from a sustainable environment and we also would like to improve rice trade.”
“It’s a problem (rice trade),” he said. “We want to improve the efficiency of rice production, product quality and rice supply so with these, we really would want to improve our post production processes.”
MOVING UP THE VALUE CHAIN
Where PhilRice is left stumped, an international company can step in. On a larger trading scale, Dutch solutions and service provider company Peterson Projects and Solutions (Thailand) Co. Ltd. is eyeing to marry blockchain technology and agriculture in Asia, specifically in rice trade.
Its program manager Chrissa Marey A. Borja, who has overseen a few projects for agricultural supply chain for the company, said that the end-goal is to help smallholder farmers get ahead by increasing their financial capability.
A financial and accounting system, she said, can allow smallholder farmers to apply for a loan or become entrepreneurial — eventually eliminating the need for third-party lenders that lend at high interest rates.
The establishment of the blockchain, she added, can make it easier for farmers to trace where the agricultural produce came from and to ensure if it was grown within a proper set of standards set by a certification board or cooperative.
But given that the blockchain can only work for countries that have reached self-sufficiency in the product being traded, Ms. Borja said the rice blockchain system will not be seen in the Philippines any time soon. The system could be used, however, to ensure food safety purposes in rice importation, one of the issues the government is seeking to address given the annual importation of rice from Thailand and Vietnam.
“We can talk about tech all day,” Ms. Borja said. “But the heart of farming is still the farmer and land.”

Is the green economy the new status quo?

USUALLY the story goes like this: businesses are taking advantage of loopholes to increase profits at the expense of the environment and local communities, and the policy makers are scrambling to close these loopholes. However, more and more, we’re seeing evidence of the opposite: businesses are taking advantage of the market demand for sustainable and ethical products, and policy makers are trying to regulate to incentivize and replicate these behaviors.
Business-as-usual is still the usual, of course. But policy makers in some countries are working to redesign their whole economic system to weed out perverse incentives in the economy, and design in desired catalysts for greener and fairer workplaces, products and lifestyles.
“The SDGs [Sustainable Development Goals] represent an entire agenda around development that presupposes the transition to the green economy,” said Achim Steiner, Administrator of the UN Development Programme.
His words came during an address last night on the side lines of the UN’s High Level Political Forum, at which world leaders gather to assess their progress against the agreed-upon Sustainable Development Goals.
The event, entitled “Transforming our economies and lifestyles: greener and fairer for future generations,” homed in on finance and lifestyles as key drivers for inclusive, green economies. The Partnership for Action on Green Economy (PAGE) — a UN program that helps governments go through precisely this process of reorienting their economies to value sustainability and social equity — hosted the event.
Lena Hök, from construction and development group Skanska remarked on the role that financial institutions could play in reorienting market incentives. “When financial institutions raise environmental or social demands on their investments, it gets a real leverage in the business world,” she said. “Green bonds and investments signal to companies the need to integrate sustainability processes into their core business, measure their work and be transparent with the performance. By doing so business gets a better understanding of their risks and business opportunities as well as a clearer pathway on how to contribute to the sustainability agenda.”
Some organizations may already be ahead of the pack. “We’re currently witnessing a zeitgeist moment, where consumers want companies to define who they are and what they stand for,” said Lance Gould, cofounder of Silicon Valley Story Lab. This is also reflected in the priorities of job applicants, according to CEO of BNP Paribas USA, Jean-Yves Fillion. “They are not so much focused anymore on ‘How much am I going to make? What is my career path?’ They ask about ‘what are your values? What are your sustainability goals?’” he said.
While the mood in the room was upbeat and optimistic, some of the speakers acknowledged that it won’t all be plain sailing ahead. “We have to be honest that there won’t be only ‘win-win situations,’” said Rita Schwarzelühr-Sutter, State Secretary for the Environment from Germany. “We must therefore ensure the success of structural transformation without causing harsh structural breaks.”
Since 2013, The Partnership for Action on Green Economy (PAGE) has grown into an increasingly prominent alliance of UN Agencies, international partner organizations and governments. The partnership is recognized as an innovative and efficient model of excellence for delivering on the 2030 Agenda. Drawing on the expertise of five UN Agencies — UN Environment, the International Labour Organization, the UN Development Programme, the UN Industrial Development Organization, and the UN Institute for Training and Research — PAGE challenges business-as-usual growth and business models, and places sustainability at the heart of economic systems. At the global level, PAGE partners with the donor community, the wider UN system, governments, civil society and the private sector to amplify and accelerate transitions to greener, more inclusive development, and to support future generations and sustainable development pathways. — The Partnership for Action on Green Economy (PAGE)/Reuters.


QUOTES FROM THE EVENT

“We have an entire agenda around development that presupposes that the transition in the green economy context is actually something that’s going to happen. Because without it, the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals or the 2030 Agenda is purely a theoretical exercise.”

— Mr. Achim Steiner
Administrator
UN Development Programme

“This issue of sustainability is clearly on the table of discussions within companies. The question isn’t anymore ‘should we do something?’ the question is ‘how can we focus on things that matter? How can we focus on things that align with priorities that were developed by the UN?’”

— Mr. Jean-Pierre Clamadieu
CEO, Solvay

“It’s what we do, but as well it’s what we decide not to do anymore; we have to be consistent…We decided to stop financing companies which principal activity is connected to exploring, producing, and distributing oil and gas from shale and from oil sands.”

— Mr. Jean-Yves Fillion
Chief Executive Officer, BNP Paribas USA; Chairman, BNP Paribas CIB Americas

“We have an imperative need to change the model. We will not be able to continue developing with just one planet because the resources are simply not enough. This is why we have to change dramatically and we have to do it fast.”

— Mr. Daniel Calleja-Crespo
Director General for the Environment, European Commission

“I don’t believe in frightening people into shifting their lives. I believe in making sustainable lifestyles attractive and reachable for all.”
“I propose to the politicians to dare to be a bit bold when talking to the financing market: and to push them. It doesn’t necessarily mean to regulate them, but to push them, and don’t be afraid.”

— Ms. Karolina Skog
Minister for Environment and Energy Sweden

“Let’s be clear: the benefits of a green economy go beyond the strictly environmental. Those whose livelihoods are threatened the most by environmental degradation and climate change are often amongst the poorest and most affected by fragility. The shift to a green economy therefore is not just imperative to safeguard our planet, it is also a key piece to address the puzzle of inequalities, create quality jobs and strengthen the resilience of individuals, communities and societies”

— Mr. Neven Mimica
Commissioner for International
Cooperation and Development
European Commission

“To capitalize on the momentum of people’s interest in sustainable consumption and production, we need to make sustainable choices easily available and attractive to consumers… We need economic revolution to do that: we need a transformation from a fossil-fuel based, single-use economy into a circular economy which is based on renewable materials and maximal lifecycles for different products and materials.”

— Mr. Kimmo Tiilikainen
Minister for the Environment,
Energy and Housing, Finland

“The defining feature of the world today is inequality within countries and between countries. And inequality, of course, excludes a lot of people, particularly indigenous peoples, who are the ones who still maintain a lot of the world’s biodiversity and protect a lot of the world’s remaining tropical forests.”

— Ms. Victoria Tauli-Corpuz
UN Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

“An inclusive green growth economic model is one of the sure ways to achieve sustainable development, as it turns environmental limitations and constraints into opportunities by transforming current economic systems.”

— Ms. Patricia Appiagyei
Deputy Minister for the Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation
Ghana

“If construction corporations take the aim to build for a better society, including counting on their carbon footprint, the energy efficiency, the water efficiency, etc., then we have a large step we are taking forward just by doing that.”

— Lena Hök
Senior Vice-President
Sustainability, Skanska AB

“We should remind ourselves the banking is socially useful when it’s done right: it’s about channeling money to socially useful products. We all need to work on making baking beautiful.”

— Mr. Jens Frølich-Holte
State Secretary
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Norway

“Given our enormous challenges in our countries of poverty, inequality and under-development; it is imperative that we as leaders share our experiences and more importantly strengthen existing partnerships in order to build economies that are both inclusive and sustainable — with the SDG’s at their center. In doing this we must ensure we leave no one behind.”

— Ms. Edna Molewa
Minister of Environmental Affairs
South Africa

“For the first time in human history, a new model is possible… There is no choice to be made between the green and the gold – between the economy and the environmental opportunity – we can do it all at the same time.”

— Mr. Erik Solheim
Executive Director
UN Environment

“Green bonds differ from conventional bonds in that the proceeds are used specifically for projects with tangible environmental benefits. Although the green bond market is still only a small fraction of the global bond market, development of standards and taxonomies continues to encourage growth. Particularly, the expansion of the Green Bond Principles in 2017 opened up additional qualifying categories and introduced new opportunities for green bond issuance.”

— Ms. Anna Zubets-Anderson
Vice-President, Senior Credit Analyst
Moody’s Investor’s Service

From the pages of SparkUp

Since May 2017, SparkUp, BusinessWorld’s multimedia platform for the business-minded youth, has been covering millennial-led start-ups and small and medium enterprises. A year later, it gathered about 500 readers — a crowd composed of business students and young entrepreneurs — in a convention called SparkUp Summit held at the Samsung Hall of SM Aura, Bonifacio Global City, Taguig. On these pages, we run the stories of the summit’s speakers — stories that first saw print in the second issue of BusinessWorld SparkUp and available online at sparkup.ph. Together, these young men and women represent the next generation of business people: creative, idealistic, ambitious, passionate, and most importantly, out on a mission to serve the country.

Continuing the family legacy in the age of e-commerce

By Robert A. Vergara, Jr., Digital Reporter
LIKE MANY Filipino-Chinese boys, 29-year-old Joshua Aragon, CEO and co-founder of online grocery platform Pushkart.ph, grew up as if he were destined to become a businessman.
Hailing from the Go family of mall and supermarket chain Ever Gotesco, Aragon was exposed to operations at an early age, allowing him to learn the fundamentals of running a business.
But his dad always told him: “When you turn 30, make sure you’re starting your own business. You should be able to start something by yourself because after 30 it will be riskier for you because you already have your family and kids. Whatever you want to do, start before you’re 30.”
And so Aragon left the family business in 2015.
He tapped former De La Salle University-Manila schoolmate Bryan Reyes, whose background is in information technology. After several discussions on possible ways to “innovate” and “improve Filipinos’ lives,” the two came up with the idea of creating a digital grocery platform that will allow users to buy grocery items in as fast as 15 minutes.
“One of the low-hanging fruits was online groceries because my family runs a supermarket chain,” he admitted. Launched in April 2017, Pushkart.ph has two partners: Fisher Supermarket and of course, Ever Supermarket. The company charges users P199 for every purchase below P2,000. Delivery of products worth above P5,000 is free.
In a year, the platform has already amassed an estimated 100,000 users and keeps growing by 30% per month in terms of revenues and basket size.
This year, the company eyes expansion in provinces outside Luzon, specifically in Cebu, Davao, and Bacolod.
For Aragon, it’s the timing that really brought the company to its early success.
Philippine e-commerce has witnessed an unprecedented growth in the past three years, as many Filipinos shift from traditional brick-and-mortar shops to their online counterparts to buy goods and services. From fashion items and electronic gadgets, consumers can now also use the internet to fill their pantries.
“I see that there’s a lot of people who are afraid of the inconvenience of traditional groceries, so this is the right time right wave to get into the market,” he said. “From our point of view it’s convenience. An average Filipino spends two to four hours shopping in a day, so that’s the pain point we’re trying to solve.”

Start-ups’ kuya

By Pola Esguerra del Monte, Multimedia Editor
AS FAR AS the internet is concerned, everyone who enters its realm is “at least 18 years old.” That includes the 13-year-old self of Iran-born Forbes under 30 lister Shahab Shabibi, back when he was lurking at 3 a.m. on Yahoo! Messenger (“My parents didn’t mind; I had high grades.”) to chat with a programmer he was building a company with.
Today, at 22 and finally legal, Shabibi is still a builder of things. After the success of rapsong.ir — that company he started in his teens which became Iran’s first underground music portal — as well as a Tarafdari, Iran’s leading sports social media network with more than five million visitors every month, he moved to the Philippines in 2010 and realized he could use his knack for innovation for a deeper social purpose.
“When I came to the Philippines, it was a very eye-opening moment for me,” he told SparkUp. “When I began studying, that was the time that I started getting a better understanding of what is really happening here,” he said. “And then I remember, I had this moment where I realized that what I’ve been doing in Iran is not so amazing. To make another entertainment website, to make another sports website, is not something that truly changes people’s lives. I found myself looking at more fundamental problems that I haven’t seen before.”
That idea came to him while he was working at Rocket Internet in 2014, where he was tasked to setup carpooling platform Tripda. “People started e-mailing me ‘Wow, this is amazing!,’ ‘I’m saving two hours a day!,’ ‘I don’t need to commute anymore!’ I realized that I had never heard this from any of my users back in my previous platforms,” he said. “That’s when I thought to myself that technology can really change people’s lives. And that’s the time I decided that I want to be here and I want to build a company here.”
That company turned out to be Machine Ventures, of which he is the CEO and co-founder together with Harvard-educated health tech guy Farouk Meralli. “Back in our home countries, these problems didn’t exist and that there was a big calling for us that we should do something here,” he said. “We set up Machine Ventures with the idea of solving real world problems using technology as means to make it very big and scalable. We started looking at what is happening in the Philippines and identified a few key issues: lack of infrastructure, poverty, and lack of mainstream quality education.”
The first product the company hatched is HeyKuya, an SMS-based personal assistant service, that gave job opportunities to men, through food delivery and travel booking, among others, to over 15,000 users. In only five months, HeyKuya was acquired by a similar Indonesian personal assistant service called YesBoss.
LESSONS
The acquisition served as a validation, but it also taught Shabibi new lessons.
“As much as we wanted to be about impact, about solving problems, there is this unavoidable discussion about the financial side of things,” he said. “That really helped us to understand that, we don’t want to just build solutions, we want to build sustainable solutions, we want to build solutions that economically make sense in the way every stakeholder would be willing to continue what they are doing because it is also financially reasonable.”
He reflected: “Another realization that I had afterwards is that it is really sad that you cannot control your company after you sell it.”
With Machine Ventures, however, with him at the helm, the journey was just as tough—perhaps even tougher.
“The Philippines is probably one of the hardest countries to setup a company in,” he observed. “Generally, entrepreneurship is very tough but I would say in the Philippines it is much more magnified in terms of all the other inefficiencies that are out there, like supplier deliveries most likely won’t happen on schedule. Likewise, you definitely can’t pay suppliers easily because you go to the bank and all these processes are very lengthy and very tedious.”
But this reality only toughens him up. Machine Ventures is now composed of 24 people who “the resilience and the ability to not take ‘no’ for an answer.” He says: “We believe in that idea of learning entrepreneurship by doing, and learning by mastery, not just taking a course and passing an exam but literally going through the journey with someone who has done it before, and as you do that more and more, you learn.”
Right now, what keeps him busy is the launch of another new venture, MyKuya, a service similar to HeyKuya, whose mission is to create one million job opportunities over the next three years.
“We are building it as a platform where people can get things done, but on the other hand, it also opens a lot of people to job opportunities, the ability work whenever they want, to be their own boss, to have self-respect and self-dignity in what they do in day-to-day basis,” he said.
With all these plans, does he consider himself a social entrepreneur? “I mean, that’s a buzzword right? If I say ‘yes, I’m a social entrepreneur,’ it would probably get more clicks,” he laughs. “But I would say that as an entrepreneur, I have the responsibility and I’m on a mission to solve problems, and the biggest problems are often social problems,” he said. “And the same way that I’ve tried to solve smaller problems in my own little way before, now we are focused on solving bigger problems, and they happen to be social.”

How a 24-year-old plans to send 3,500 college kids to school

By Robert A. Vergara, Jr., Digital Reporter
IT WAS IN Africa that Carmina Bayombong, child of non-government organization workers, first caught glimpse of poverty. This was cemented around a decade later at the University of the Philippines Diliman where while finishing her degree in industrial engineering, she met other students who were forced to drop out due to lack of resources.
This led Ms. Bayombong, now 24, to establish InvestEd: a Filipino start-up engaged in matching student borrowers with lenders via an online platform.
Launched in December 2016, InvestEd offers student loans amounting from P10,000 to P80,000. Students need only to create a borrower account invested.ph online, get notified of qualification within seven business days, be interviewed for a final assessment, and sign a loan agreement that they will pay their loan after finishing their degree.
InvestEd gets investors — lenders — who are promised that they can grow their money for 7%-11% per annum with a minimum amount of P100,000, deposited in tranches.
To secure their investment, a six-point approach to repayment is enforced. This includes multiple matching, where a lender is matched with at least three borrowers to reduce risk, as well as a credit investigation technology using a credit scoring and profiling algorithm powered by artificial intelligence. Lenders are repaid bi-monthly over 12 to 36 months, depending on the student’s loan amount and starting salary. An amortization schedule is provided after depositing their pledge.
Invested was recently awarded a $100,000 grant from the government of Dubai last week to grow its number of loaners from 70 to 3,500. The company is also currently developing a scoring system to conduct the applicants’ background check using social media data, as well as a technology that will shorten the application process to 10 minutes.
“In 2017, we had a different business model,” Ms. Bayombong shared. “We didn’t have service fee, and we only had a very low interest rate. It couldn’t even cover 20% of our costs. We could’ve kept our previous business model and just rely on donations and lenders. With that model we would probably help a thousand students in 10 years.”
But with the revamped and “more sustainable” model, she says, “we could help 10,000 students in just three years.”

Funny shirts, serious business

By Pola Esguerra del Monte,Multimedia Editor
SO HOW have you been since our last interview?
Ayun,” Ali Sangalang, the writer, answered with a straight face. “Ang yaman na namin.”
Chuckling, Panch Alvarez, the artist, quickly interjected: “Hindi, joke.”
Naka-Uber pool kami,” Sangalang clarified.
From the first ten seconds of the interview, one can already glean how the founders of Linya Linya, purveyor of witty shirts, work together: Sangalang is the guy who spews humor without effort. Alvarez, his schoolmate-turned-colleague at ad agencies and in Malacañang, sees right through him and interprets his lines through art.
They decided to put their collaborative art on t-shirts bought by the bulk in Divisoria. The two, who grew up wearing Pidro, would hull those shirts to a printer in Parañaque and then onto bazaars in Rockwell. At the end of the day, they’d spend their earnings on booze.
Ganoon ka-strategic ’yung mga decisions namin,” Sangalang noted.
It didn’t take long before they realized that it takes more than just creativity and a little capital to run a business. That’s where musician Jim Bacarro, who completes the triumvirate behind Linya Linya, came in.
Armed with a supply of 250 shirts — the sum of their initial investment — they set up an online store. In a day, they sold three shirts.
Bacarro, who quit his job in marketing to do Linya Linya full time, had a panic attack. He recounted: “I talked to my wife,” referring to actress and singer Saab Magalona. “I said, ‘Look. I’m really, really in love with this. Can you give me at least six months to see where this goes?’”
Only then did the company have a semblance of a system and strategy. It included getting only fixed salaries (“Sweldo ha,” Bacarro emphasized. “Hindi pa dividends.”) amounting to P6,000 each for a month, enough to pay the rent.
After opening a first stall at the UP Town Center, Linya Linya has grown into a 15-store-strong T-shirt company. Advertisements are plastered at the back of buses plying EDSA, close to their market: the average working Filipino who toils in the lamentable traffic situation but still manages to laugh despite the daily struggle.
Like the pace of buses along EDSA, success will take time. “In terms of what we’ve done, I don’t think we’re there yet,” Alvarez said. “But we’re continuously getting there. We’re getting there.”

Leaving work to live a life

By Robert A. Vergara, Jr., Digital Reporter
FOUNDERS WHO were formerly employees have that one moment where they realized they had to give up their corporate careers. For Ginger Arboleda, the 33-year-old chief operating officer and cofounder of Taxumo, that moment came in 2012 when she was due to a promotion that would catapult her into an executive position at a banking giant she had been working at for more than six years.
“I was happy but I wanted to do so much more,” she said in a forum organized by SparkUp in April. “I wanted to see the direct impact that I could have to people.”
That same year, she became pregnant again, following a miscarriage in 2010.
Arboleda recalled, “I couldn’t see myself as one of the executives of the bank. When I found out that I was pregnant again, I realized that [maybe it’s time] to focus on living my life again.”
So in January 2013, a few months after she left the corporate world, Arboleda began organizing Manila Workshops — a series of 101 sessions for aspiring entrepreneurs and freelancers. “After a few work shops, I realized that it was what I want to do,” she said. “I want to see that our attendees indeed follow their dreams.”
And in that process, Arboleda stumbled upon another idea. “Things started when I was doing my taxes,” she recounted. “I found it frustrating. It was so tedious. I had to line up at the BIR and renew a lot of business papers, and numbers aren’t my forte.”
In 2015, Arboleda with her husband EJ, who has a 15-year background in IT, came up with the idea of creating a platform that would automate the rigorous process of filling taxes for local entrepreneurs and freelancers: an app which they christened Taxumo.
The two began presenting the idea in pitching competitions and later on became part of Echelon Asia Summit’s top 100 start-ups and IdeaSpace’s incubation program, both giving the company seed funding and mentorship opportunities, among other benefits. Last year, the company also received the four-year tax holiday grant from DTI’s Board of Investments.
Taxumo is now valued at $1.5 million, following a funding round.
But for Arboleda, valuations are just “all about $1 billion,” harking to the number required to call a start-up a unicorn. More important to her, she says, is “helping 100 million Filipinos. For us, that matters more than the valuation.”

How a government employee began to weave dreams

By Robert A. Vergara, Jr., Digital Reporter
AKABA’S 24–year–old Chief Operating Officer Daniel Lumain was immersed in implementing policies for government-run companies before the country changed leadership in 2016 and put an end to his two-year career.
But that backdrop gave him “not just the connections,” but also the fuel to continue being of service to his countrymen. He then returned to his undergraduate thesis at the Ateneo de Manila University and grew it into what Akaba is today: a social enterprise selling bags and accessories made of handwoven textiles by over 100 weavers from Ilocos Norte, Isabela, Abra, Oriental Mindoro, Zamboanga, Sulu, Basilan, Iloilo and South Cotabato.
“It’s our mission to help these weavers promote their artistry and craftsmanship, but at the same time create a sustainable business that is relevant to the supply chain,” he said. “When we went to Ilocos Norte, we found out that a lot of weavers create handwoven textiles for around a month or so, but only sell them for around P20 per yard, and when we went to the market we actually saw middle men selling them for P150 to P200.”
Unlike many handwoven crafts, however, Akaba didn’t target the so-called “tita market.” “We chose a younger market and lowered our price points. What we always say is if you buy a high-end product worth P10,000, sure you’ve helped a community, but when is the next time you’ll help them? We can sell a product for around P1,500, sell a hundred pieces, and basically continuously support the communities.”
Akaba currently sells its wares across major malls, but because it aims to become an established “Southeast Asian brand,” it is also expecting to enter e-commerce platform Amazon to tap the American market this year, on top of its plan to expand its ties with Cambio Market to further introduce the brand in Canada. Lumain added that the team is also considering to widen its Asian market by selling its products in Hong Kong and Japan.
“I always believe that poverty is not just an economic situation, it’s a mind-set problem,” he said. “These people changing their views, believing that there’s a chance for them to have a better life, that in itself is the biggest achievement that we’ve had.”

Going beyond taste

By Robert A. Vergara, Jr., Digital Reporter
I DON’T WANT to start a food business that solely sells food,” said Francis Reyes, the 25-year-old CEO of Caravan Food Group, Inc., parent company of rolled ice cream store Elait and donut shop OverDoughs. “I want to send a message through food,” he added. “I want to hire people who the usual food entrepreneurs wouldn’t hire.”
Graduates from College of Saint Benilde’s School for the Deaf currently staff Elait’s branches in three malls. The company is also in the process of employing more people with autism or down syndrome for OverDough’s current stalls.
This ambitious idea, Reyes admitted, was risky for a service-oriented business, especially in this age of social media when one’s dissatisfaction can easily taint a brand’s reputation.
“I didn’t know how the public would react so, at first, we paired up deaf employees with those who can hear, then eventually we saw that they can handle things by themselves,” he recalled. “That’s when we decided that everyone would be deaf in the whole team.”
Reyes, who holds a degree in hotel, restaurant and institution management from the University of the Philippines, hails from the family behind clinic chain SkinStation. And while that kind of background might attest to his business potential, it also posed a challenge: some mall operators would press him about building his own brand when he could capitalize on their already established family business. After all, the playing field for dessert concepts was already dominated by big, mostly foreign, players like, say, Dunkin’ Donuts or Dairy Queen.
“When I was trying to pitch our concept to mall owners, I really had to push the idea that what we’re different, that what we’re doing is something else,” he said.
The persistence, however, did pay off. The company has earned enough profits to sustain operations and even fund expansion plans.
Yet more than the money, Reyes considers the fulfillment of his deaf employees as his biggest achievement in business to date.
“When I was interviewing them at the start, their goal was just to survive and support their families,” he said. “Now, they really appreciate the business more. They really take care of it, and they treat the branch as their home. They have a place to belong to.”

Coming up roses

By Pola Esguerra del Monte, Multimedia Editor
AT THE height of the AlDub love team phenomenon, Diane Yap and Lauren Gavino, who had been running an online flower shop for only a month then, received an order for 49 stems of red Ecuadorian roses to be delivered at the Philippine Arena in Bulacan, where some concert with ticket sales reaching P14 million would be filled with 55,000 people.
Their response: “If you want, on top of the cost of the arrangement, pay for our gas and toll.”
On that day, Oct. 24, 2015, that three-hour commercial-free episode registered a TV rating of 50.8%, the channel stated citing data from AGB Nielsen, compared to the 5.4% registered by the competitor. Tweets for the hashtag reached 39.5 million. And amid that number of viewers, actor Alden Richards was walking up the stage carrying that 49-rose boxed arrangement himself— the brand name “Petalier” in clear, full view.
Gavino found herself crying in front of the TV.
“Ang kapal ng mukha namin ’di ba?,” the two now laugh, looking back at what they consider their store’s big break. “Sobrang fail namin. We didn’t know who AlDub was.”
But entrepreneurship isn’t a bed of roses, and getting flowers on screen took more than just luck or serendipity. At 11 p.m. the previous night — only a few hours before the concert — their supplier for the flowers backed out. Yet instead of giving up right then and there, they insisted on delivering.
Yap had a backup plan ready. The day before, she had begun contacting all the flower suppliers she could find on Google—pleading “Please po, magbabayad kami.”—all while going around public markets to do surveys for a senator she was then still working full-time for. After finding one, a certain “Dra. Anna” who remains their main supplier to this day, they finally got the flowers by 2 a.m., arranged all 49 stems, then had their personal driver to deliver it to Bulacan. The rest, as they say, is history.
“That’s the first time people saw pretty roses in a box,” Yap said.
Influencer marketing has since been Petalier’s main avenue to drive sales.
A “calculated gamble,” Yap describes. “Sometimes they’re effective, sometimes they won’t post you. So that’s money out the door.”
Still, it works, and the two have also launched a new baby: a luxury balloonery called Blloons.
“We thrive on Instagram. We’re typical millennial business people. Uber doesn’t own a single car. We thrive online,” she said. “You can go far with just online. We’re the perfect example.”
Petalier is an online business. Orders can be placed on petalier.com but queries can be sent to 0977- 841-7738 or mail@petalier.com.

The taste of childhood

By Joseph L. Garcia, Reporter
YOUNG CHEF Miko Aspiras channeled memories of childhood playgrounds in the Philippines to create a special dessert for his presentation during Madrid Fusion Manila 2016.
For many Filipinos, playtime would consist of playing in the hot sun on a swing set. Aspiras gathers these elements together, creating a story from sensory memory: the taste of sweat, rust, and santan flowers. “It’s a memory of when I was a child, through flavors that I didn’t really intend to taste, but I’ve tasted… it’s part curiosity in my head.”
Parks and gardens around the country have santan bushes growing in them, filled with bunches of its tiny flowers. Many people’s childhood memories include plucking out a tiny flower and sucking out the sweet tiny drop of nectar from within its long hollow stem. Aspiras gathered a humungous bunch of these flowers and extracted the nectar to use in his dessert.
As for sweat and rust, the chef relied on the help of an “extraction system,” a machine which enables one to get the approximation of a flavor of something. Aspiras placed in a sample of his own sweat, and a sample of rust in the machine. “It’s… something that I can remember all the time,” he said, talking about the sensory memory of childhood sweat, which he says tastes like alkaline and salt. With this in mind, he added this to salted caramel, which he then distilled, leading to a clearer consistency. “It’s perfect for my dish, because it looks like sweat,” he said.
Aspiras is currently involved in restaurants under the Tasteless Food Group, which includes the French-Japanese bistro Le Petit Souffle.
He started out learning about bread and pastries under chef Sau del Rosario in 2007, going on to refine his skills while working in the pastry sections of top hotels including Fairmont, Raffles, Edsa Shangri-La, and Resorts World Manila where he worked with Cyrilly Soenen.
The young chef has received a slew of awards in his short career, including awards and citations from the Philippine Culinary Cup, World Association of Chefs Societies Congress, and the Hong Kong Culinary Classics.
According to the souvenir book for Madrid Fusion 2016, Mr. Aspiras has used, or has tried to use, ingredients such as pig’s blood and rotten milk to achieve his sensory goals.
At a press conference after his presentation, he was asked whether he knew that the odd ingredients and the odd techniques he likes to use would become hits, especially in the Philippines, where slices of cake can be more than enough to satisfy most people’s sweet tooth.
“I didn’t know. I really didn’t know. It’s just that I’m pursuing my dreams… I’m really happy that a lot of people are appreciating it.”
First published in BusinessWorld on April 14, 2016.