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Customs bureau exceeds March collection target by over 19%

THE BUREAU of Customs (BoC) said it beat its March collection target, with revenue growing 19.1% year on year, after many of its ports outside of Manila exceeded their goals.
“Based on the initial report from the BoC Financial Service, a total of P45.398 billion in revenue was collected, exceeding the P45.133-billion target for the month of March by P265 million,” Commissioner Isidro S. Lapeña was quoted as saying in a statement.
The BoC said that 12 of its 17 ports exceeded their revenue targets, despite the holidays in March.
The Port of Batangas collected P11.542 billion, exceeding its target by 10.5%. This was followed by the Port of Limay, Bataan, with P2.896 billion in collections, beating its target by 5.5%; and the Port of Cebu with P2.189 billion, exceeding its target by 7.6%.
The other BoC stations that exceeded their targets were:
Davao, collecting P1.755 billion, 21.1% above target;
Subic, collecting P1.655 billion, 1.9% above target;
Cagayan de Oro, collecting P1.625 billion, 27.4% above target;
San Fernando, collecting P278 million, 13% above its target;
Clark, collecting P154 million, 29.8% above target;
Tacloban, collecting P68 million, 241.6% above target;
Legazpi, collecting P22.10 million, 0.50% above target;
Surigao, collecting P4 million, 262.7% above target, and;
Aparri, collecting P6 million, 37.5% above target.
Meanwhile, the ports which failed to hit their targets were:
Manila, collecting P5.776 billion, missing its target by 14.9%;
Manila International Container Port, collecting P12.625 billion, missing by 9.28%;
Ninoy Aquino International Airport, collecting P3.094 billion, missing by 25.9%;
Iloilo, collecting P176 million, missing by 27.8%, and;
Zamboanga, collecting P700,000, missing by 96%.
“Following this development, the district collectors of these ports and others concerned will be eventually replaced in compliance to the earlier directive that district collectors, deputy collectors for assessment, chief of Formal Entry Division, examiners, appraisers, and other BoC personnel performing assessment functions will be relieved,” the bureau said.
The BoC is tasked to collect P637.1 billion this year, up 39.05% from actual collections of P458.18 billion in 2017. — Elijah Joseph C. Tubayan

Palace assures residents to be consulted on Marawi’s rehabilitation

Malacañang said on Monday, April 2, residents of Marawi City will be given an opportunity to submit their own proposals on how to rehabilitate their own city. “I doubt it very much whether you know the residents themselves of the city will not even be consulted on a manner by which their city will have to be rehabilitated. There are cultural, historical aspects that need to be respected and considered,” Senior Deputy Executive Secretary Menardo I. Guevarra said in a press briefing at the Palace. He added: “So when you are restoring something, you are bringing it back to its condition before. Of course, with much improvement but essentially the essence of Marawi City as a Muslim City will have to be taken into account in the restoration process.” As for the residents’ appeal not to pursue the proposed plan to put up an economic zone and a military camp in the city, Mr. Guevarra said: “I think it’s too early to say whether the President will act on that request. We’ll leave it to the Task Force Bangon Marawi to consider that, to take that into account and to evaluate whether the existence or non-existence of a military camp inside Marawi City is advisable and whether or not converting it into an economic zone will be for the betterment of the city or not. That’s all for the Task Force to evaluate and decide on.” — Arjay L. Balinbin

Swiss firms invited to invest in PHL ahead of negative list easing

THE DEPARTMENT of Finance (DoF) has invited Swiss businesses to set up shop in the Philippines, citing its attractive and growing consumer market, as the government pursues reforms to streamline the investment process.
“We hope Swiss businesses could find a home here — a happy one. We are working very hard to improve the ease of doing business and reducing our [Foreign] Investment Negative List (FINL) to the bare minimum. From being mocked as ‘The Sick Man of Asia,’ the Philippines is now seen as the region’s next economic powerhouse,” Finance Secretary Carlos G. Dominguez III said during the March 6 meeting with members of the Philippine-Swiss Business Council.
Socioeconomic Secretary Ernesto M. Pernia said in February that the new FINL will be elevated to the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) Board for approval of its chair, President Rodrigo R. Duterte.
The FINL identifies sectors where foreign investment is either limited or prohibited. The list is reviewed every two years, but the latest version of the FINL was issued on May 29, 2015.
Foreigners can hold up to a 40% stake in companies that operate public utilities; supply materials and goods to state-run firms, government agencies, and municipal corporations; or those that operate infrastructure or development facilities which need a public utility franchise.
The government has said that it will undertake an “aggressive” removal of restrictions in its upcoming FINL.
Mr. Dominguez also touted Republic Act 10963, or the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) law, during the meeting, which has helped shore up government revenue to support its infrastructure program.
“This is a good time to do tax reform because we have a leader with both the political will and the political capital to bring about meaningful change. President Rodrigo R. Duterte has thrown his full support behind the tax reform effort,” Mr. Dominguez said.
“It is also about creating economic conditions that foster investment. It is about providing a level playing field for enterprises to compete. It is about building transparent governance and simplified procedures that enhance compliance,” he added.
“The Philippines’ young and talented labor force, our large consumer market and our determined participation in building a Southeast Asian common market produce much headroom for sustainable growth,” said Mr. Dominguez.
Swiss Ambassador to the Philippines Andrea Reichlin, meanwhile, cited the positive conditions for investment in the Philippines, which is attracting attention in items such as Business Insider’s selection of the Philippines as the “Best Country to Invest In.”
“I think everybody has read the results of the Business Insider (survey). We should give a round of applause for having the Philippines in first; I think this is the first time in history,” Ms. Reichlin said.
Mr. Dominguez said that the government remains “on track” to hit its 7-8% economic growth rate this year, driven by investment.
“This is the best time to do reform. It allows us the leisure to carefully calibrate the reform measures for optimal economic impact. Free from any pressing economic distress, we have the opportunity to rally public support for this program. We are able to look far into the future and build towards the inclusive and dynamic economy our people deserve,” Mr. Dominguez said. — Elijah Joseph C. Tubayan

Coffee farmers thrive despite challenges

The changing and extreme weather conditions continue to pose a challenge to farmers all over the country but members of the Masiag Farmers and Coffee Growers Association, Inc. (MAFACGA) in Bagumbayan, Sultan Kudarat, continue to thrive, thanks to their desire to become better farmers.
“All of us have been growing coffee trees for years but we started growing coffee as an association in 2012 after we realized it was more sustainable,” MAFACGA President Jennifer N. Farillon said in an interview.
The association of agrarian reform beneficiaries has grown from 45 to 249 farmer-members, with each member tilling his or her own coffee farm in varying sizes from three to nine hectares.
The ARB association banks on its Mang Felipe coffee brand which was named after one of the earliest settlers who pioneered coffee growing in the area. Today, MAFACGA does not only grow coffee trees but also produce several varieties of robusta coffee that are sold as brewed, roasted, instant and green coffee.
“Our green coffee beans is pure and unadulterated coffee beans that has less…cholesterol than ground green coffee,” Ms. Farillon said. The pure green coffee, which is available at P300 per kilo, is sought by those who want to enjoy healthy coffee.
The farmers have improved not only the packaging of their finished coffee products but also the process of growing coffee. Compared to growing 800 coffee trees per hectare, they are now able to grow 1,111 trees per hectare after adjusting the distance of the trees from 5×3 meters to 2×3 meters.
Ms. Farillon said out of 2,000 kilos of fresh coffee beans every year, only 700 kilos of green coffee can be produced. The fresh coffee beans they produce are sold to Nestle and other traders.
“We could not supply the demands of Nestle and the other traders as our production has gone down by almost 50% because of the rain,” she said. However, she is confident that they will be able to get more yield from their coffee farms during summer.
Ms. Farillon cites the support from different sources including the Philippine Rural Development Project (PRDP) which provided them P13 million in loans.
PRDP is a six-year project that aims to provide climate-smart farmers technology, infrastructure, information and facilities to help improve their productivity, income and competitiveness. A loan approved last year will be fully implemented this year and will be used for infrastructure development, and for the purchase of a forward elf for the transportation of the farmers’ coffee produce. MAFACGA will invest in an equity worth P1.8 million for the purchase of a solar dryer and other equipment.
Bagumbayan is known as a coffee-growing community and MAFACGA is just one of the many farmers groups that have made coffee their primary means of livelihood. Barangay Masiag, however, is one of the barangays that produce rich and high-value coffee beans.
The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) realized the potential of the province for coffee growing, and through the Mindanao Sustainable Agrarian and Agriculture Development (MinSAAD), built a coffee processing facility in the nearby Municipality of Sen. Ninoy Aquino two years ago to increase the competency of farmers from being mere producers of raw coffee beans to becoming producers of high-value coffee products.
The processing plant includes a 36-square-meter building and a 180-square-meter solar dryer with provisions for coffee processing equipment which includes grinder, roaster and a de-huller machine. The project aims to increase the income of around 1,600 agrarian reform beneficiaries in the province.
“The goal is to help the farmers establish a coffee enterprise,” said MinSAAD Project Manager Eduardo E. Suaybaguio, during the Usapang Kalakalan ng DAR-MinSAAD Project held in Davao City last month.
DAR-MinSAAD is a poverty alleviation project being implemented in 12 marginalized settlements in Mindanao. Mr. Suaybaguio said the project aims to address poverty issues through sustainable agriculture.
He said the project has adopted a Project Investment Plan (PIP) covering 105 Agriculture, Agribusiness and Agro-forestry Development (AAAD) sub-projects, 78 Farm to Market Roads (FMR), 14 Bridges, 76 Post Harvest Facilities (PHF), 20 Irrigation and 52 Rural Water System (RWS) sub-projects.
“The major component of MinSAAD is agriculture, agribusiness and agroforestry with the challenge of shifting farmers’ mindset from being mere producers to becoming entrepreneurs,” he said.
The Project area covers 217 barangays in 27 municipalities with a total area of 517,482 hectares. MinSAAD covers 12 settlements covering seven provinces namely Lanao del Norte, Bukidnon, North Cotabato, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Compostela Valle and Davao del Sur.
The Sultan Kudarat Resettlement Area Phase 2, which includes 28 barangays in the municipalities of Sen. Ninoy Aquino, Bagumbayan and Palimbang, is one of the MinSAAD project areas. The settlement is predominantly an agricultural area with a total of 105,869.75 hectares, 67,502.48 hectares of which is agricultural.
DAR-MinSAAD has partnered with MAFACGA not only in the conduct of various trainings on nursery and plantation establishment but also in the care, maintenance, harvesting, post harvest operations and processing of coffee. Through the project, a community nursery was established and now provides a sustainable source of quality coffee seedlings.
MAFACGA was able to produce 37,500 coffee seedlings as planting materials for coffee production. Its members received the planting materials and were able to plant 37.5 hectares with coffee. — Carmencita A. Carillo

Livelihood program set for IPs

THE DEPARTMENT of Agriculture (DA) has developed a scheme to provide the indigenous peoples (IPs) in Malapatan, Sarangani, a sustainable livelihood through planting 2,500 Falcata and Gmelina trees in a five-hectare lot. In a statement, Agriculture Secretary Emmanuel F. Piñol in his visit late March unveiled the Kabuhayan at Kaunlaran ng Kababayang Katutubo (4K) program, where IP beneficiaries will be given up to P300,000 in loans through the Agricultural Credit Policy Council to plant 500 trees per hectare. “IPs are very familiar with the planting of trees, this is why I have considered this in the conceptualization of the program,” Mr. Piñol said. Of the total amount, P5,000 will be given to the beneficiaries to maintain the 500 trees, aside from the P2-per-tree maintenance incentive. Through the program, the DA estimated that the beneficiaries will earn no less than P4 million from the project once they have paid off their loans. Mr. Piñol also turned over P311,000 worth of rice and corn seeds, abaca seedlings, organic fertilizer and planting materials, as an alternative for the local farmers to use in their land. He said that the DA will also allot P693 million to the building of farm-to-market roads and agro and livestock production in the town, benefiting around 700 farmers and fisherfolk. — Anna Gabriela A. Mogato

MPIC unit to submit proposal for Cavite toll road next month

CAVITE Infrastructure Corp. (CIC) said it will submit next month to the government a formal proposal for the “Segment 5” project linking the Manila-Cavite Expressway, to which group company MPCALA Holdings, Inc. holds the concession, to Rosario, Cavite.
CIC President Luigi L. Bautista said that the company has completed the feasibility study for the P22.5-billion project in February, and is in the process of completing the proposal for submission to the Toll Regulatory Board (TRB).
“We will package the project information memorandum. This is the business proposal to TRB, to request TRB that it’s a good project, and if they approve, we will implement the project in due course,” Mr. Bautista told reporters on March 20.
Segment 5 is a 9.80-kilometer, four-lane divided expressway proposed as a replacement to the original Segment 5 alignment, which was taken over by the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), now designated as the Centennial Road.
The project was also originally intended to link Cavitex to the planned airport in Sangley Point.
CIC is part of Metro Pacific Investments Corp. (MPIC). MPIC is one of three key Philippine units of Hong Kong-based First Pacific Co. Ltd., the others being Philex Mining Corp. and PLDT, Inc.
Hastings Holdings, Inc., a unit of PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund subsidiary MediaQuest Holdings, Inc., has a majority stake in BusinessWorld through the Philippine Star Group, which it controls. — Patrizia Paola C. Marcelo

SEIPI sees little impact from Indian duties on smartphone parts

THE electronics industry said it does not expect a significant impact from a new 10% Indian tariff on smartphone components.
Semiconductor and Electronics Industries in the Philippines Foundation, Inc. (SEIPI) President Danilo C. Lachica said India, the world’s second-largest smartphone market, is not among the top 10 destinations for Philippine electronics exports.
“Effect is not significant,” Mr. Lachica said in a mobile message, when asked about India’s imposition of a 10% levy on imported printed circuit boards used in smartphones.
India hopes to cut its reliance on imported electronic products as it prepares its own electronics industry to meet domestic demand.
The Philippines’ top markets for its electronics products are Hong Kong, China, Japan, Singapore and the United States.
The Philippine Statistics Authority estimates 2017 export sales from electronics products at $32.704 billion, up 11.2% and representing over half of total merchandise export sales.
This year, SEIPI is targeting 6%-8% growth in electronics shipments. Mr. Lachica said that the industry is on track to meet this target amid increasing demand for electronic parts.
He said SEIPI has submitted a draft of its Product and Technology Holistic Strategy (PATHS) and road map to the Department of Science and Technology. The proposed five-year plan determines the products which the industry plans to focus on to ensure it retains a competitive niche in the global market.
Under PATHS, investment in the electronics sector is projected at $1.5 billion in 2020; $3 billion in 2025; and $5 billion in 2030, with export sales amounting to $40 billion by 2025. — Janina C. Lim

SC denies Napoles’ petition for bail

By Arjay L. Balinbin
Alleged pork barrel-scam mastermind Janet Lim-Napoles’s petition for bail has been denied by the Supreme Court (SC), stressing that invoking its ruling in the case of former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo is “unmeritorious.”
According to SC’s resolution dated Feb. 6, Ms. Napoles filed a motion for the reconsideration to overturn the Court’s decision dated Nov. 7 last year which affirmed the Sandiganbayan’s dismissal of her application for bail.
In her petition, Ms. Napoles argued that the SC in the case of Ms. Arroyo “reversed the Sandiganbayan’s denial of the demurrer to evidence in the plunder case against her on the prosecutions failure to specify the identity of the main plunderer, for whose benefit the ill-gotten wealth was amassed, accumulated, and acquired.”
Ms. Napoles’s camp argued that the SC’s ruling in Ms. Arroyo’s case “should have been applied to her case.”
“The Court finds (the) argument unmeritorious,” the SC said in its resolution penned by Associate Justice Andres B. Reyes, Jr. and concurred in by 10 other justices..
It explained: “In a demurrer to evidence, as in the case of Macapagal-Arroyo, the accused imposes a challenge on the sufficiency of the prosecution’s entire evidence.”
“This involves a determination of whether the evidence presented by the prosecution has established the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt. Should the trial court find the prosecution’s evidence insufficient in this regard, the grant of the demurrer to evidence is equivalent to the acquittal of the accused.”
The SC also argued that “the stage at which the accused may demur to the sufficiency of the prosecution’s evidence is during the trial on the merits itself-particularly, after the prosecution has rested its case.”
Ms. Napoles’s case, however, is still in the “hearing for the petition for bail in which the trial court does not sit to try the merits of the main case.”
Sought for comment during a Palace briefing, Senior Deputy Executive Secretary Menardo I. Guevarra agreed with the SC’s decision.
“She cannot apply that (Ms. Arroyo’s case), because right now she is still in the bail hearing.”
But when her case proceeds to a trial proper, Ms. Napoles can take Ms. Arroyo’s route, Mr. Guevarra, a lawyer, said.
“Meaning, mayroon ng (there is a) trial proper on the merits of the case and the prosecution has already presented all its evidence against the accused.”
“Now, if the defense thinks that the evidence presented by the prosecution is insufficient to prove her guilt beyond reasonable doubt, that’s when she files a demurrer to evidence. And if that is granted that is tantamount to an acquittal. If that is denied, alright so it’s up to her, she can challenge it upstairs if she wants on the ground of grave abuse of discretion if need be. Well, she can take that through the way former President did it.”
Mr. Guevarra likewise stressed that Ms. Napoles’s case is different from Ms. Arroyo’s. “Of course, magkaiba naman ng kaso iyan, magkaiba naman ng ebidensiya na ipe-present diyan.”
(Of course, [Ms. Napoles’s] case is different. The evidence to be presented will also be different.)
“But that could happen if a demurrer to evidence is presented and (if) that’s granted, that’s acquittal,” he said further.

Sara Duterte condemns NPA burning of heavy equipment

MAYOR Sara Duterte-Carpio condemned the burning Saturday by the New People’s Army (NPA), of construction heavy equipment in three different villages in the city Saturday which are said to be worth P65 million. “The attacks were downright cowardly and indicate that the NPA is nothing but a terrorist group that deserves our collective rejection and condemnation,” Ms. Duterte-Carpio said in a statement. The burned heavy equipment were supposed to be for the construction of roads in Barangay Callawa in Buhangin, Barangay Fatima in Paquibato, and Barangay Dalagdag in Calinan. All these road projects are now temporarily stalled because of the attacks. “The fresh atrocities reveal that the terrorist group only truly intends for people to continue living in a condition of poverty, which they could use as a capital in their propaganda against the government and to justify their presence in the communities where their influence and significance are waning,” Ms. Duterte-Carpio said. Davao City Police Office (DCPO) Sr. Superintendent Chief Alexander C. Tagum said they are already preparing a criminal complaint. Capt Jerry S. Lamosao, spokesperson of the 10th Infantry Division, said that based on the interviews with witnesses, they were able to confirm that the perpetrators are NPAs. — Carmencita A. Carillo

Davao City to hold travel expo

ABOUT 100 participants including travel agents, national tourist organizations, travel product suppliers and tour operators, and such enterprises as hotels, resorts, airlines, cruise and shipping lines, and theme parks are expected to participate in the upcoming Travel and Leisure Expo Davao (TLEX) slated on May 10-13 at the SMX Convention Center, SM Lanang. TLEX Davao will be on its second year, running alongside the PHILBEX (Philippine Building and Construction Exposition) Davao. Charles L. Lim, president of Selrahco management and consultancy services, expressed confidence that TLEX will promote tourism within the regions and will stimulate travel as we experience Philippine tourism moving up to a new level. He encourages travel and hospitality stakeholders to participate in this four-day event, noting that Mindanao is an important market base, especially for domestic tourism. — Maya M. Padillo

Amendments on compensation tax

My employed friend recently requested me to compute her annual income tax due for the prior year 2017. Her gross compensation from her lone employer was less than P250,000. I arrived at her annual income tax due after deducting the taxes withheld by her employer. I told her then that, if she receives the same amount of compensation this year, there will be no more withholding tax and annual income tax due. To my surprise, her employer continuously withheld tax on her January and February 2018 salary, even if she has been receiving the same monthly salary since last year. This was despite the passage and effectivity of the TRAIN Law effective Jan. 1, 2018 and notwithstanding the other pertinent issuances by the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) early this year. Her employer explained that their reason for the continuous withholding was that they were still waiting for the BIR’s specific guidelines on implementing the new compensation tax rule in the TRAIN law.
As invalid as the excuse might be, my friend and others in a similar situation could now be thankful that the BIR has published Revenue Regulations (RR) No. 11-2018, which implements the new compensation tax provisions, among other provisions, of the TRAIN Law.
RR No. 11-2018 does not only reiterate that those receiving an income of not more than P250,000 in a taxable year, beginning Jan. 1, are exempt from income tax, and consequently to withholding tax, it also provides guidelines for other employment-related taxes. Some of the salient provisions are described below.
1. EXEMPTION OF MINIMUM WAGE EARNERS FROM WITHHOLDING TAX
For minimum wage earners (MWE), holiday pay, overtime pay, night differential pay, and hazard pay earned by an MWE shall, likewise, be exempt from withholding tax. Additional compensation such as commissions, honoraria, fringe benefits, benefits in excess of the mandatory non-taxable amount of P90,000, taxable allowances, and other taxable income given to an MWE by the employer other than those which are expressly exempt from income tax, however, shall be subject to withholding tax using the revised withholding tax table.
Based on the above, in addition to the basic pay of the MWE, their exemption covers even holiday pay, overtime pay, night differential pay, and hazard pay. An MWE will only be taxed on the amount of the additional compensation which is not covered by the exemption.
The inclusion of this categorical guideline in RR No. 11-2018 is a welcome development for MWEs. It can be recalled that there was a 2008 BIR regulation suggesting that an MWE who receives additional taxable compensation and benefits shall no longer be entitled to the privilege of being an MWE and, therefore, their entire income is subject to tax. For example, if a MWE receives, in addition to his minimum salary, a P1 commission for selling his employer’s inventory, not only would this commission be subject to tax but also his entire salary. Unfair, right? One would think that it is better to not receive additional taxable benefits than to receive less take-home pay, because of withholding tax.
Although this 2008 regulation was nullified in a 2017 Supreme Court decision, it is comforting to note that the above categorical guideline in RR No. 11-2018 to protect the exemption of MWEs is in place.
As an administrative requirement, in case of hazardous employment, the employer shall indicate in the annual Alphabetical List of Employees, the MWEs who received the hazard pay, period of employment, amount of hazard pay, and justification for such payment as certified by the concerned Department of Labor and Employment (DoLE)-allied agency. The certification is an attachment in the filing of the Annual Information Return (BIR Form No. 1604C). In case the MWE is in the public sector, the document to be attached is the Department of Budget Management (DBM) Circular related to such payment of hazard pay.
2. REVISED WITHHOLDING TAX RATES AND TABLES
Starting Jan. 1, the employer shall deduct and withhold from such compensation a tax determined in accordance with the prescribed withholding tax table, as published by the BIR under Revenue Memorandum Circular (RMC) No. 1-2018.
Using the new withholding tax table as an example, if you are receiving a monthly compensation of P20,000 (net of SSS/GSIS/PHIC/HDMF) and are single with no dependents, your monthly withholding tax should be P0. Prior to the TRAIN Law, though, if you have the same monthly compensation, your withholding tax would then be P2,916.75.
Check your withholding tax this year. The revised tax table is effective beginning Jan. 1. See if you are entitled to a refund.
3. INCREASED AMOUNT OF CERTAIN DE MINIMIS BENEFITS
Although the TRAIN Law did not touch on amendments to de minimis benefits, it is a welcome development that the Department of Finance made upward adjustments to certain nontaxable de minimis benefits.
The nontaxable cash allowance to dependents of employees rose to P1,500 per employee per semester (P250 per month) from not exceeding P750 per employee per semester (P125 per month).
In addition, the nontaxable rice subsidy has been raised to not more than P2,000 per month from not more than P1,500.
Further, the nontaxable uniform and clothing allowance has been increased to P6,000 per annum from P5,000.
Based on the increases above, employers may consider reevaluating their compensation policy, particularly in giving salary increases, to possibly maximize their employees’ take-home pay.
With all the illustrative examples in RR No. 11-2018, I hope my friend and all other employees would be more aware of the computation of their taxes. Every peso counts, especially now that commodity prices have gone up, because of the TRAIN Law. On the part of the employers, compliance with tax regulations is a must, because failure to do so could result in penalties or possible deficiency tax assessments.
Nikkolai F. Canceran is a senior manager of the Tax Advisory and Compliance of P&A Grant Thornton. P&A Grant Thornton is one of the leading audit, tax, advisory, and outsourcing services firms in the Philippines.

Nation at a Glance — (04/03/18)

News stories from across the nation. Visit www.bworldonline.com (section: The Nation) to read more national and regional news from the Philippines.