IMF urges BoJ to target shorter maturity yields to ease strain
TOKYO — The International Monetary Fund (IMF) urged the Bank of Japan (BoJ) to consider steps to ease the strains caused by its ultra-loose policy on financial institutions, such as targeting a shorter maturity for its long-term bond yield target.
Fiscal policy can complement the BoJ’s efforts to protect the economy from overseas risks, the global lender said, suggesting that Tokyo should not shy away from ramping up fiscal spending in the near term despite its huge public debt.
“Strengthening the effectiveness of coordination between monetary and fiscal policy remains a high priority,” the IMF said in its Article 4 policy proposal to Japan on Monday.
While the central bank ought to maintain its massive stimulus program, it must also find ways to mitigate the rising cost of prolonged easing and make its policy sustainable as inflation remains distant from its 2% target, the IMF said.
“As it stands, both fiscal policy and monetary policy are stretched, leaving limited room to respond to shocks,” IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva told a news conference.
“The BoJ’s accommodative stance needs to continue to support reflation and growth. At the same time, financial sector oversight should be strengthened to mitigate rising financial stability risks,” she said after the Article 4 consultations.
Under a policy dubbed yield curve control (YCC), the BoJ pledges to guide short-term rates at -0.1% and the 10-year bond yield around 0%. While the policy has helped keep corporate borrowing costs low, it has flattened the yield curve and crushed the margin commercial banks earn from lending.
One way to ease the impact on financial institutions could be to steepen the yield curve by shifting the BoJ’s 0% target for the 10-year yield to a shorter maturity, the IMF said.
BoJ Governor Haruhiko Kuroda has repeatedly said if the central bank were to ease, it would seek to do so without causing an excessive fall in super-long yields. He believes that one way to keep long-term yields from falling too much could be for the government to issue more super-long bonds.
The BoJ could also make its 2% inflation target a more flexible, long-term goal by adopting a target range for price moves, as structural factors like technological innovation may keep inflation low for a prolonged period, it said.
Years of massive monetary stimulus has failed to fire up inflation to the central bank’s target, while diminishing policy ammunition and global growth risks have cast further doubt on its ability to reach its goal.
The Financial Services Agency, Japan’s banking regulator, should strength financial sector supervision and prod regional banks to diversify its business operations, the IMF said.
“Rising economic policy uncertainty, an increase in financial stability risks, and consumer and investor confidence at multi-year lows all suggest a rising risk profile” for Japan, it said.
Japan’s economic growth slumped to its weakest in a year in the third quarter as soft global demand knocked exports. Analysts fret that a sales tax hike from October could also weigh on the economy. — Reuters
